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Born in Petrosani City, Romania, in November 1981, I have graduated the University of Petrosani, Faculty of Mining (BEng. 2005, MEng. 2007 in the field of Environmental Engineering and Dr. of Eng. in 2009 in the field of Engineering Sciences - Mines, Oil and Gases). I am actively involved in 2 EU grant agreements (RAFF and TRACER) (one completed in 2018, BEWEXMIN). Also, I am a member of organizing committees and reviewer at national (GEOECOLOGIA) and international conferences (SIMPRO, SESAM).
Some valuable minerals, such as lignite, are extracted through open-pit mining works. After the cessation of mining activity, large-scale gaps result in the landscape. These gaps, also called “remaining gaps”, represent some of the roughest types of environmental impacts. After the cessation of mining activity, recovery and ecological restoration works are required. However, it is first necessary to carry out risk assessment studies considering the possible future influences on the final slopes. For this study, flooding of the remaining lignite open-pits gaps was considered as the ecological restoration option. The study was based on extensive research, including sampling, laboratory tests, statistical-mathematical processing, hypothesis formulation, evaluations, interpretations, and field observations, regarding the rock behavior and occurrence of negative geotechnical phenomena (geotechnical phenomena that have a negative impact and a risk on the integrity of the environment and local communities, such as landslides, rockfalls, liquefaction, suffosis) during the flooding process. This paper’s originality consists of combining the methods and methodologies developed with the help of classic methods (Fellenius, Janbu, and Bishop methods) and probabilistic ones (Rosenblueth method) existing in the specialized literature for solving the proposed problem and structuring the information similar to a guide.
Izabela-Maria Apostu; Maria Lazar; Florin Faur. A Suggested Methodology for Assessing the Failure Risk of the Final Slopes of Former Open-Pits in Case of Flooding. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6919 .
AMA StyleIzabela-Maria Apostu, Maria Lazar, Florin Faur. A Suggested Methodology for Assessing the Failure Risk of the Final Slopes of Former Open-Pits in Case of Flooding. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6919.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIzabela-Maria Apostu; Maria Lazar; Florin Faur. 2021. "A Suggested Methodology for Assessing the Failure Risk of the Final Slopes of Former Open-Pits in Case of Flooding." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6919.
Purpose. This study aims to identify the main factors that influence the flooding process of the remaining gaps of open-pits comprising essentially the velocity and duration of flooding, but also the stability of in situ and dump slopes during and after the flooding and the water quality in order to ensure the takeover of the future function of the land as soon as possible and the safety of objects and local communities. Methods. Establishing the three categories of factors that influence from a quantitative and qualitative point of view the flooding of the remaining gaps of the open pits. Analysis of the key factors in the flooding process of the remaining gaps, in terms of their contribution to reducing or increasing the flood duration and to reducing or increasing the stability reserve of different types of slopes. Findings. The interdependence and cumulative action of factors that influence the flooding process of remaining gaps and the stability of in situ and dump slopes materializes in worsening the strength characteristics of rocks and changing the state of stress and deformations in the rock mass. Originality. The paper provides a detailed description of the key factors and the interactions between these and their in-fluence on the flooding process, stability, and the factor of safety. Their influence and interactions are highlighted through a case study conducted at the Peșteana mining perimeter level. Practical implications. The flooding of the remaining gaps can cause loss of slope stability during and after the flooding process. Unexpected geotechnical phenomena such as landslides, liquefaction, suffosis, rock falls and/or the water quality of the pit lake can be hazardous to natural and/or anthropic objects and local communities. Safety is essential. Therefore, this study suggests taking into account the most important factors that influence the flooding process when evaluating the floo-ding possibility of remaining gaps. Engineers, researchers, mine planers, local authorities, and students will have essential information and will know when and where special attention will be needed in the case of flooding of former open-pits.
Maria Lazar; Izabela-Maria Apostu; Florin Faur; Ilie Rotunjanu. Factors influencing the flooding process of former coal open-pits. Mining of Mineral Deposits 2021, 15, 124 -133.
AMA StyleMaria Lazar, Izabela-Maria Apostu, Florin Faur, Ilie Rotunjanu. Factors influencing the flooding process of former coal open-pits. Mining of Mineral Deposits. 2021; 15 (2):124-133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Lazar; Izabela-Maria Apostu; Florin Faur; Ilie Rotunjanu. 2021. "Factors influencing the flooding process of former coal open-pits." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 2: 124-133.
As a result of open-pit mining exploitations, impressive size gaps occur in the landscape. Their flooding leads to the occurrence of so-called open-pit lakes and represents an interesting way to reclaim and use sustainably the degraded land. In the literature, there are numerous plans, strategies, and guidelines for mine closure and open-pit recovery, but these are usually developed at the regional or national level and offer general suggestions, which must be evaluated and approached case-by-case. Because there is still no way to evaluate the opportunity of flooding the open-pits, a methodology for assessing this opportunity was developed to identify the open-pits that are suitable for flooding, this being the main objective of the paper. The paper is novel because of the multicriteria evaluation of open-pits and their remaining gaps, the logical succession of the criteria, and the proposed concept, methods, models, and equations that allow a complex assessment of the flooding opportunity. The methodology also aims to ensure maximum safety conditions in the former mining perimeter, the socio-economic and cultural requirements of local communities, the harmonization of the land in accordance with adjacent ecosystems, and the sustainable development of the region.
Izabela-Maria Apostu; Maria Lazar; Florin Faur. A Model to Evaluate the Flooding Opportunity and Sustainable Use of Former Open-Pits. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9275 .
AMA StyleIzabela-Maria Apostu, Maria Lazar, Florin Faur. A Model to Evaluate the Flooding Opportunity and Sustainable Use of Former Open-Pits. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):9275.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIzabela-Maria Apostu; Maria Lazar; Florin Faur. 2020. "A Model to Evaluate the Flooding Opportunity and Sustainable Use of Former Open-Pits." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 9275.
Flooding the residual gaps of former lignite open pits is often applied worldwide, offering opportunities for the use of the lake and the reclaimed land, as well as many benefits, ranging from the restoration of ecosystems to the development of the local economy. The flooding process is conditioned by the available quantities of water from natural and/or artificial sources. Flooding can be done either by natural methods (underground water inflow plus intake of water from rainfall and superficial drainage), or by natural and artificial methods (water adductions from superficial collectors). Unlike artificial flooding, natural flooding has the advantage of reduced costs, but it is a long-lasting process. Depending on the flooding speed, as a result of rising water level and saturation of rocks from the final slopes, geotechnical phenomena such as landslides may occur. The paper aims at establishing the dependence between the rhythm of raising the water level in the lake and the geotechnical behavior of the rock in the internal dump. Depending on this, there is a need to accelerate the flooding process through adductions, as the hydrostatic pressure manifested on the final slopes determines the increase of their stability reserve.
Maria Lazăr; Florin Faur; Izabela Maria Apostu. Influence of the flooding speed of former lignite open pits on the stability of final slopes. MATEC Web of Conferences 2020, 305, 00040 .
AMA StyleMaria Lazăr, Florin Faur, Izabela Maria Apostu. Influence of the flooding speed of former lignite open pits on the stability of final slopes. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2020; 305 ():00040.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Lazăr; Florin Faur; Izabela Maria Apostu. 2020. "Influence of the flooding speed of former lignite open pits on the stability of final slopes." MATEC Web of Conferences 305, no. : 00040.
In the conditions of the dump slopes formed by loose rocks, predominantly sandy rocks, which are at the first saturation, there is a significant risk of sliding due to liquefaction of the waste material. The liquefaction process may be triggered by hydrological, mechanical or seismic factors. In saturated sand, the space between the solid granules is completely filled with water, and the pore water pressure, which increases as the depth increases, causes the grains to move away from each other, so the material is flowing. Among the methods for assessing the liquefaction potential of rock masses/deposits can be summarized: historical phenomena observations, studying the liquefying potential area maps, analysis of geological process that led to the creation of rock deposits and the nature of rocks. The paper aims at assessing the risk of liquefaction of sterile material in the inner dump of the North Pesteana quarry during the flooding of the remaining gap, since the preliminary studies found that the sterile material consists of important fractions of sand, indicating that there is liquefaction potential. The risk of liquefaction was determined taking into account the liquefaction potential, the nature of the objectives in the area and the probability of liquefaction.
Izabela Maria Apostu; Maria Lazar; Florin Faur. Analysis of liquefaction risk of sterile material in the inner dump of North Pesteana quarry in the conditions of flooding of the remaining gap. MATEC Web of Conferences 2020, 305, 00005 .
AMA StyleIzabela Maria Apostu, Maria Lazar, Florin Faur. Analysis of liquefaction risk of sterile material in the inner dump of North Pesteana quarry in the conditions of flooding of the remaining gap. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2020; 305 ():00005.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIzabela Maria Apostu; Maria Lazar; Florin Faur. 2020. "Analysis of liquefaction risk of sterile material in the inner dump of North Pesteana quarry in the conditions of flooding of the remaining gap." MATEC Web of Conferences 305, no. : 00005.
The mining waste dump has emerged as a result of lignite extraction from Ruget quarry. The waste dump should have 6 steps with a total height of 90 m (as designed), but, at present, only 5 steps have been constructed (in different stages of execution) due to cessation of the activity. Since the stability analysis showed a high degree of instability for some steps there are needed specific redesigning works (slope angle reduction, terraces, levelling etc.) as well as hydrotechnical works (central and side collector drains and collector tubes at the base of the dump). At present, no properly designed works to eliminate the risk of landslide (not even consolidation) and no ecological rehabilitation projects are in progress. Thus, in this paper there are proposed and designed stabilization works (by reshaping, construction of rock support walls at the base of the dump etc.), as well as recultivation with specific plants, which aim at eliminating the geotechnical risks in the area and the reintegration of the dump in the surrounding landscape.
Constantin Rada; Florin Faur. The risk of landslide occurrence in the waste dump belonging to the Ruget quarry and measures to combat it. MATEC Web of Conferences 2019, 290, 11010 .
AMA StyleConstantin Rada, Florin Faur. The risk of landslide occurrence in the waste dump belonging to the Ruget quarry and measures to combat it. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2019; 290 ():11010.
Chicago/Turabian StyleConstantin Rada; Florin Faur. 2019. "The risk of landslide occurrence in the waste dump belonging to the Ruget quarry and measures to combat it." MATEC Web of Conferences 290, no. : 11010.
Controlled flooding of the remaining gaps of former quarries (especially lignite quarries) and the formation of lakes that can take different uses is one of the ways of recovering and rehabilitating degraded mining lands which offer opportunities for sustainable development of a mining region. The advantages of such a solution are multiple, starting from the restoration of biodiversity, to economic and social benefits. Basically, several flooding techniques are known, but depending on the geological, geotechnical, hydrological and hydrogeological conditions characteristic for a particular region, these techniques must be adapted to the risks that may arise before, during and after flooding the remaining gap. Most of the times, the risks are of geotechnical nature and arise as a result of the interaction between the rocks and the mixture of loose rocks that form the final slopes and the dump with water. The paper is part of an extensive research, which is carried out under the concrete conditions of the remaining gaps in the Rovinari mining basin, and essentially aims at: identifying the main categories of geotechnical risks that can occur under the given conditions, determining the triggering factors, to produce negative geotechnical phenomena and their effects, as well as to identify the main measures to avoid them.
Izabela Maria Apostu; Florin Faur. Identification and analysis of geotechnical risks in the conditions of flooding of the remaining gaps. MATEC Web of Conferences 2019, 290, 11002 .
AMA StyleIzabela Maria Apostu, Florin Faur. Identification and analysis of geotechnical risks in the conditions of flooding of the remaining gaps. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2019; 290 ():11002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIzabela Maria Apostu; Florin Faur. 2019. "Identification and analysis of geotechnical risks in the conditions of flooding of the remaining gaps." MATEC Web of Conferences 290, no. : 11002.
Florin Faur. OPPORTUNITY OF RECOVERY AND CAPITALIZATION OF USEFUL MINERALS FROM WASTE DUMPS IN JIUS VALLEY. 13th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING 2013, 1 .
AMA StyleFlorin Faur. OPPORTUNITY OF RECOVERY AND CAPITALIZATION OF USEFUL MINERALS FROM WASTE DUMPS IN JIUS VALLEY. 13th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlorin Faur. 2013. "OPPORTUNITY OF RECOVERY AND CAPITALIZATION OF USEFUL MINERALS FROM WASTE DUMPS IN JIUS VALLEY." 13th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING , no. : 1.