Experiments were carried out with wheat varieties GK Garaboly, GK Kalász, GK Verecke, GK Petur sown at the Öthalom experimental station of the Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd. in monoculture, in a four-parallel random block design. NPK fertilizer treatments of different level were combined with Artea + Amistar Xtra fungicide treatments of increasing doses and spectrum.The fertilizer and fertilizer + fungicide treatments had a statistically reliable effect at the 0.1% level on the technological water absorption only while it was indifferent on the values such as wet gluten content, gluten spreading, baking value and falling number. On annual level reliable treatment × variety interactions could be detected for each characteristic compared to control.Increasing fertilizer doses tendentiously improved the values of wet gluten, baking value and technological water absorbance. In the case of certain treatment combinations, however, these values exhibited a tendentious decrease as the counter-effect of fungicides applied at the heading stage of development. Our results revealed that the baking quality of grains was determined by the common effect of various doses of fertilizers and fungicides Artea and Amistar Xtra applied at heading. This counter-effect proved to be unfavourable in the case of certain baking characteristics.Six different alleles or allelic pairs were revealed in the sample of genotypes — 1, 2* (locus Glu-A1), 6 + 8, 7 + 8 and 7 + 9 (locus Glu-B1) and 5 + 10 (Glu-D1). Quality scores for the wheat cultivar varied from 8 to 10. Cultivar GK Kalász had the highest quality score 10

SDS-PAGE is widely used to determine the amounts of the different gluten protein types. However, this method is time-consuming, especially at early stages of wheat breeding, when large number of samples needs to be analyzed. On the other hand, LoC (Lab-on-Chip) technique has the potential for a fast, reliable, and automatable analysis of proteins. Benefits and limitations of Lab-on-Chip method over SDS-PAGE method in gluten proteins evaluation were explored in order to determine in which way LoC method should be improved in order to make its results more compliant with the results of SDS-PAGE. Chip electrophoresis provides a very good reproducibility of HMW-GS patterns. Moreover this approach is much faster than the conventional SDS-PAGE methods requiring several hours for an analysis. Another advantage over traditional gel electrophoresis is lower sample and reagent volume requirements, as well as specialized protein standards for accurate reproducibility and quantification. In the present study, we identified novel complex allele located at the locus Glu-1B.

A novel high molecular weight glutenin subunit encoded by the Glu-1B locus was identified in the French genotype Bagou, which we named 1B × 6.5. This subunit differed in SDS-PAGE from well-known 1B × 6 and 1B × 7 subunits, which are also encoded at this locus. Subunit 1B × 6.5 has a theoretical molecular weight of 88,322.83 Da, which is more mobile than 1B × 6 subunit, and isoelectric point (pI) of about 8.7, which is lower than that for 1B × 6 subunit. The specific primers were designed to amplify and sequence 2476 bp of the Glu-1B locus from genotype Bagou. A high level of similarity was found between the sequence encoding 1B × 6.5 and other x-type encoding alleles of this locus.