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Prof. Dr. jerome cachot
Laboratory Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments, EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Allée Geoffoy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France

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0 Risk Assessment
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0 Aquatic ecotoxicology
0 Early life stages
0 Multi-stress

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Journal article
Published: 10 August 2021 in Aquatic Toxicology
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Petroleum hydrocarbons are widely used and transported, increasing the risks of spills to the environment. Although conventional oils are the most commonly produced, the production of unconventional oils (i.e. diluted bitumen or dilbit) is increasing. In this study, we compared the effects of conventional oils (Arabian Light and Lloydminster) and dilbits (Bluesky and Clearwater) on early life stages of a salmonid. To this end, aqueous fractions (WAF: water accommodated fraction) of these oils were extracted using mountain spring water. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae were exposed to 10 and 50% dilutions of these WAFs from hatching (340 DD; degree days) until yolk sac resorption (541 DD). Exposure to WAFs increased skeletal malformations (both dilbits) and hemorrhage (both conventional oils and Bluesky) and decreased head growth (Arabian Light). In addition, increases in EROD activity and DNA damage were measured for all oils and an increase in cyp1a gene expression was measured for Arabian Light, Bluesky and Clearwater. The PAH and C10C50 concentrations were positively correlated to total larval EROD activity, whereas concentrations of total hydrocarbons, VOCs, PAHs, and C10C50 were positively correlated to cyp1a expression. Total hydrocarbon, VOC, and C10C50 concentrations were also negatively correlated to larval growth. This study supports that petroleum hydrocarbons are toxic to early developmental stages of rainbow trout and show that their degree and spectrum of toxicity depends on their chemical composition.

ACS Style

Magali Schiano Di Lombo; Weeks-Santos Shannon; Clérandeau Christelle; Triffault-Bouchet Gaëlle; S. Langlois Valérie; Couture Patrice; Cachot Jérôme. Comparative developmental toxicity of conventional oils and diluted bitumen on early life stages of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquatic Toxicology 2021, 239, 105937 .

AMA Style

Magali Schiano Di Lombo, Weeks-Santos Shannon, Clérandeau Christelle, Triffault-Bouchet Gaëlle, S. Langlois Valérie, Couture Patrice, Cachot Jérôme. Comparative developmental toxicity of conventional oils and diluted bitumen on early life stages of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquatic Toxicology. 2021; 239 ():105937.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magali Schiano Di Lombo; Weeks-Santos Shannon; Clérandeau Christelle; Triffault-Bouchet Gaëlle; S. Langlois Valérie; Couture Patrice; Cachot Jérôme. 2021. "Comparative developmental toxicity of conventional oils and diluted bitumen on early life stages of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Aquatic Toxicology 239, no. : 105937.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2021 in Toxics
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The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of three concentrations of a pesticide mixture on the first development stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The mixture was made up of three commonly used pesticides in viticulture: glyphosate (GLY), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and copper sulfate (Cu). Eyed stage embryos were exposed for 3 weeks to three concentrations of the pesticide mixture. Lethal and sub-lethal effects were assessed through a number of phenotypic and molecular endpoints including survival, hatching delay, hatching success, biometry, swimming activity, DNA damage (Comet assay), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyl content and gene expression. Ten target genes involved in antioxidant defenses, DNA repair, mitochondrial metabolism and apoptosis were analyzed using real-time RT-qPCR. No significant increase of mortality, half-hatch, growth defects, TBARS and protein carbonyl contents were observed whatever the pesticide mixture concentration. In contrast, DNA damage and swimming activity were significantly more elevated at the highest pesticide mixture concentration. Gene transcription was up-regulated for genes involved in detoxification (gst and mt1), DNA repair (ogg1), mitochondrial metabolism (cox1 and 12S), and cholinergic system (ache). This study highlighted the induction of adaptive molecular and behavioral responses of rainbow trout larvae when exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of a mixture of pesticides.

ACS Style

Shannon Weeks Santos; Jérôme Cachot; Bettie Cormier; Nicolas Mazzella; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Christelle Clérandeau; Bénédicte Morin; Patrice Gonzalez. Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Pesticides Affect Mobility and DNA Integrity of Early Life Stages of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Toxics 2021, 9, 174 .

AMA Style

Shannon Weeks Santos, Jérôme Cachot, Bettie Cormier, Nicolas Mazzella, Pierre-Yves Gourves, Christelle Clérandeau, Bénédicte Morin, Patrice Gonzalez. Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Pesticides Affect Mobility and DNA Integrity of Early Life Stages of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Toxics. 2021; 9 (8):174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shannon Weeks Santos; Jérôme Cachot; Bettie Cormier; Nicolas Mazzella; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Christelle Clérandeau; Bénédicte Morin; Patrice Gonzalez. 2021. "Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Pesticides Affect Mobility and DNA Integrity of Early Life Stages of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Toxics 9, no. 8: 174.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2021 in Aquatic Toxicology
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The environmental safety profile of glyphosate, the most commonly used herbicide worldwide, is still a subject of debate and little is known about the generational toxicity of this active substance (AS) and the associated commercial formulations called ”glyphosate-based herbicides” (GBHs). This study investigated the impact of parental and direct exposure to 1μgL−1 of glyphosate using the AS alone or one of two GBH formulations (i.e. Roundup Innovert® and Viaglif Jardin®) in the early developmental stages of rainbow trout. Three different modes of exposure on the F1 generation were studied: (1) intergenerational (i.e. fish only exposed through their parents); (2) direct (i.e. fish exposed only directly) and (3) multigenerational (i.e. fish both exposed intergenerationally and directly). The impact of chemical treatments on embryo-larval development (survival, biometry and malformations), swimming behaviour, biochemical markers of oxidative stress equilibrium (TBARS and catalase), acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and energy metabolism (citrate synthase, CS; cytochrome-c oxidase, CCO; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PDH) was explored. Chemical exposure did not affect the survival of F1 embryos or malformation rates. Direct exposure to the AS induced some biometric changes, such as reduction in head size (with a 10% decrease in head length), independently of co-formulants. Intergenerational exposure to the AS or the Roundup GBH increased swimming activity of the larvae, with increase of between 78 and 102% in travel speeds. Viaglif co-formulants appear to have counteracted this behavioural change. The minor changes detected in the assayed biochemical markers suggested that observed effects were not due to oxidative damage, AChE inhibition or alterations to energy metabolism. Nonetheless, multi- and intergenerational exposure to Roundup increased CS:CCO and LDH:CS ratios by 46% and 9%, respectively, with a potential modification of the aerobic-to-anaerobic energy production balance. These biochemical effects were not correlated with those observed on individual level of biological organization. Therefore, further studies on generational toxicity of glyphosate and its co-formulants are needed to identify the other mechanisms of glyphosate toxicity at the cellular level.

ACS Style

Jessy Le Du-Carrée; Florian Saliou; Jérôme Cachot; Thierry Morin; Morgane Danion. Developmental effect of parental or direct chronic exposure to environmental concentration of glyphosate on the larvae of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquatic Toxicology 2021, 237, 105894 .

AMA Style

Jessy Le Du-Carrée, Florian Saliou, Jérôme Cachot, Thierry Morin, Morgane Danion. Developmental effect of parental or direct chronic exposure to environmental concentration of glyphosate on the larvae of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquatic Toxicology. 2021; 237 ():105894.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jessy Le Du-Carrée; Florian Saliou; Jérôme Cachot; Thierry Morin; Morgane Danion. 2021. "Developmental effect of parental or direct chronic exposure to environmental concentration of glyphosate on the larvae of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss." Aquatic Toxicology 237, no. : 105894.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2021 in Aquatic Toxicology
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Nowadays, pesticides and microplastics (MPs) are commonly found in coastal waters worldwide. Due to their widespread use, their persistence and toxicity, they may induce adverse effects on physiology and behaviour of marine organisms such as the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). This study explored the growth and valve activity of juvenile oysters exposed for 24 days to two frequently detected pollutants in the Pertuis Charentais (South West, France): a herbicide (chlortoluron, 85 µg.L−1) and high-density polyethylene microparticles (HDPE 20-25 µm, 112 MP.mL−1) alone or in combination (cocktail condition; 97 µg.L−1 of chlortoluron + 108 MP. mL−1). The valve activity of juvenile oysters recorded by using a High Frequency and Non-Invasive valvometer (HFNI) was characterized by three parameters: the number of valve micro-closures (VMC), the Valve Opening Amplitude (VOA), and the Valve Opening Duration (VOD). Additionally, daily shell growth and the oyster daily rhythm were assessed. The exposure to MPs of oysters led to a significant increase of VMC and a decrease of VOD and shell growth. The exposure to chlortoluron showed a significant increase of VOA and a decrease of VMC. In combination with MPs, chlortoluron still increased VOA and decreased VMC but also reduced the shell growth. Chronobiological analysis did not reveal any effects on the daily rhythm of both contaminants. This work highlighted significant effects of high environmental concentrations of MPs and Chlortoluron on the behaviour and growth of the Pacific oyster.

ACS Style

Arno Bringer; Hélène Thomas; Emmanuel Dubillot; Stéphane Le Floch; Justine Receveur; Jérôme Cachot; Damien Tran. Subchronic exposure to high-density polyethylene microplastics alone or in combination with chlortoluron significantly affected valve activity and daily growth of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Aquatic Toxicology 2021, 237, 105880 .

AMA Style

Arno Bringer, Hélène Thomas, Emmanuel Dubillot, Stéphane Le Floch, Justine Receveur, Jérôme Cachot, Damien Tran. Subchronic exposure to high-density polyethylene microplastics alone or in combination with chlortoluron significantly affected valve activity and daily growth of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Aquatic Toxicology. 2021; 237 ():105880.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arno Bringer; Hélène Thomas; Emmanuel Dubillot; Stéphane Le Floch; Justine Receveur; Jérôme Cachot; Damien Tran. 2021. "Subchronic exposure to high-density polyethylene microplastics alone or in combination with chlortoluron significantly affected valve activity and daily growth of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas." Aquatic Toxicology 237, no. : 105880.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
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This study aims to assess the toxic effects and the potential risk of widely used agricultural pesticides on the development (malformations and developmental arrest), growth and swimming activity of oyster D-larvae (Crassostrea gigas). Freshly fertilized oyster embryos were exposed for 24 h at 24 °C to different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μg.L−1) of six different pesticides: Glyphosate and its commercial solution (Roundup), Isoproturon, Nicosulfuron, Chlortoluron and Boscalid. The six pesticides tested induced a significant increase in larval malformations and developmental arrests. All pesticides except Glyphosate and Isoproturon affected larval growth. Roundup, Nicosulfuron, Chlortoluron and Boscalid also affected the swimming behaviour of the D-larvae, with a significant decrease recorded in their maximum swimming speed. Comparison of the LOEC (Lowest-Observed-Effect Concentration) of each compound led to the following toxicity classification: Boscalid > Chlortoluron = Nicosulfuron > Glyphosate > Roundup > Isoproturon, with respectively LOEC of 0.0028; 0.015; 0.017; 0.11; 0.3 and 0.78 μg.L−1. By comparison of the maximum concentrations in the Pertuis Charentais (South West, France) and LOEC of each pesticide, the following risk scale was obtained: Chlortoluron > Boscalid > Glyphosate > Roundup > Nicosulfuron > Isoproturon. Our results revealed that Chlortoluron, Boscalid and to a lesser extent Glyphosate represent a potential threat to early life stages of oyster living in the Pertuis Charentais marine area.

ACS Style

Arno Bringer; Hélène Thomas; Grégoire Prunier; Emmanuel Dubillot; Christelle Clérandeau; Marius Pageaud; Jérôme Cachot. Toxicity and risk assessment of six widely used pesticides on embryo-larval development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 779, 146343 .

AMA Style

Arno Bringer, Hélène Thomas, Grégoire Prunier, Emmanuel Dubillot, Christelle Clérandeau, Marius Pageaud, Jérôme Cachot. Toxicity and risk assessment of six widely used pesticides on embryo-larval development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 779 ():146343.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arno Bringer; Hélène Thomas; Grégoire Prunier; Emmanuel Dubillot; Christelle Clérandeau; Marius Pageaud; Jérôme Cachot. 2021. "Toxicity and risk assessment of six widely used pesticides on embryo-larval development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas." Science of The Total Environment 779, no. : 146343.

Journal article
Published: 25 November 2020 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Microplastics are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems, but little information is currently available on the dangers and risks to living organisms. In order to assess the ecotoxicity of environmental microplastics (MPs), samples were collected from the beaches of two islands in the Guadeloupe archipelago, Petit-Bourg (PB) located on the main island of Guadeloupe and Marie-Galante (MG) on the second island of the archipelago. These samples have a similar polymer composition with mainly polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). However, these two samples are very dissimilar with regard to their contamination profile and their toxicity. MPs from MG contain more lead, cadmium and organochlorine compounds while those from PB have higher levels of copper, zinc and hydrocarbons. The leachates of these two samples of MPs induced sublethal effects on the growth of sea urchins and on the pulsation frequency of jellyfish ephyrae but not on the development of zebrafish embryos. The toxic effects are much more marked for samples from the PB site than those from the MG site. This work demonstrates that MPs can contain high levels of potentially bioavailable toxic substances that may represent a significant ecotoxicological risk, particularly for the early life stages of aquatic animals.

ACS Style

Bettie Cormier; Chiara Gambardella; Tania Tato; Quentin Perdriat; Elisa Costa; Cloé Veclin; Florane Le Bihanic; Bruno Grassl; Florian Dubocq; Anna Kärrman; Kim Van Arkel; Soazig Lemoine; Fabienne Lagarde; Bénédicte Morin; Francesca Garaventa; Marco Faimali; Xavier Cousin; Marie-Laure Bégout; Ricardo Beiras; Jérôme Cachot. Chemicals sorbed to environmental microplastics are toxic to early life stages of aquatic organisms. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2020, 208, 111665 .

AMA Style

Bettie Cormier, Chiara Gambardella, Tania Tato, Quentin Perdriat, Elisa Costa, Cloé Veclin, Florane Le Bihanic, Bruno Grassl, Florian Dubocq, Anna Kärrman, Kim Van Arkel, Soazig Lemoine, Fabienne Lagarde, Bénédicte Morin, Francesca Garaventa, Marco Faimali, Xavier Cousin, Marie-Laure Bégout, Ricardo Beiras, Jérôme Cachot. Chemicals sorbed to environmental microplastics are toxic to early life stages of aquatic organisms. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2020; 208 ():111665.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bettie Cormier; Chiara Gambardella; Tania Tato; Quentin Perdriat; Elisa Costa; Cloé Veclin; Florane Le Bihanic; Bruno Grassl; Florian Dubocq; Anna Kärrman; Kim Van Arkel; Soazig Lemoine; Fabienne Lagarde; Bénédicte Morin; Francesca Garaventa; Marco Faimali; Xavier Cousin; Marie-Laure Bégout; Ricardo Beiras; Jérôme Cachot. 2020. "Chemicals sorbed to environmental microplastics are toxic to early life stages of aquatic organisms." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 208, no. : 111665.

Correction
Published: 27 January 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The original publication of this paper contains a mistake.

ACS Style

Michel Auffret; Jérôme Cachot; Richard Saint-Louis. Correction to: From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 3547 -3547.

AMA Style

Michel Auffret, Jérôme Cachot, Richard Saint-Louis. Correction to: From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (4):3547-3547.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michel Auffret; Jérôme Cachot; Richard Saint-Louis. 2020. "Correction to: From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 4: 3547-3547.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2020 in Environmental Pollution
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Understanding the effects of plastic debris on marine ecosystems is essential in encouraging decision-makers to take action. The present study investigates the effect of a 24 h experimental exposure to high density polyethylene (HDPE) microplastics (MPs) of different sizes (4–6, 11–13 and 20–25 μm) and at three concentrations (0.1, 1 and 10 mg MP.L−1) on the development and locomotor activity of early stages of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. The bivalve embryo-larval assay (NF ISO 17244, 2015) was used in this study but with additional toxicity criteria: developmental arrests, abnormal D-larvae, maximum speed and swimming trajectory. Copper (Cu), was used as a positive control. Our results show that smaller MPs (4–6 and 11–13 μm) induced higher rates of malformations and developmental arrests than the larger ones (20–25 μm). In addition, a dose-dependent decrease of maximum swimming speed was observed for larvae exposed to MPs of 4–6 and 11–13 μm. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in swimming speed with the largest MPs size tested (20–25 μm). For all three sizes of MPs, there was a decrease in straight-line swimming trajectories, and an increase in circular trajectories. This abnormal swimming behaviour could affect larvae survival as well as colonization of new habitats.

ACS Style

Arno Bringer; Hélène Thomas; Grégoire Prunier; Emmanuel Dubillot; Noémie Bossut; Carine Churlaud; Christelle Clérandeau; Florane Le Bihanic; Jérôme Cachot. High density polyethylene (HDPE) microplastics impair development and swimming activity of Pacific oyster D-larvae, Crassostrea gigas, depending on particle size. Environmental Pollution 2020, 260, 113978 .

AMA Style

Arno Bringer, Hélène Thomas, Grégoire Prunier, Emmanuel Dubillot, Noémie Bossut, Carine Churlaud, Christelle Clérandeau, Florane Le Bihanic, Jérôme Cachot. High density polyethylene (HDPE) microplastics impair development and swimming activity of Pacific oyster D-larvae, Crassostrea gigas, depending on particle size. Environmental Pollution. 2020; 260 ():113978.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arno Bringer; Hélène Thomas; Grégoire Prunier; Emmanuel Dubillot; Noémie Bossut; Carine Churlaud; Christelle Clérandeau; Florane Le Bihanic; Jérôme Cachot. 2020. "High density polyethylene (HDPE) microplastics impair development and swimming activity of Pacific oyster D-larvae, Crassostrea gigas, depending on particle size." Environmental Pollution 260, no. : 113978.

Editorial
Published: 14 January 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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ACS Style

Michel Auffret; Jérôme Cachot; Richard Saint-Louis. From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 3545 -3546.

AMA Style

Michel Auffret, Jérôme Cachot, Richard Saint-Louis. From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (4):3545-3546.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michel Auffret; Jérôme Cachot; Richard Saint-Louis. 2020. "From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 4: 3545-3546.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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The present work aims to investigate the effects of water temperature increase on Mytilus galloprovincilis and Mytilus edulis pure larvae (PG, PE) and their hybrids (HFG, HFE). D-larvae were maintained at 18 °C or exposed to a higher temperature of 22 °C for 48 h. Initially, Embryotoxicity test was evaluated. Second, a transcriptomic analysis using a recently developed microarray platform was applied to determine the main biological processes involved in early life stages responses to temperature increase. Finally, an immunofluorescence investigation was performed to bridge the gap between transcriptomic regulation and the real changes at cellular/tissue levels. Embryotoxicity test revealed a higher sensitivity of M. edulis (PE) D-larvae as well as hybrids from females M. edulis (HFE) to temperature increase, with the highest rate of larval malformations. Transcriptomic results indicated a lack of an adequate heat shock protein (Hsp) response in PE and HFE larvae (the high expression was observed in PG larvae); the differential expression of gene involved in translation, energy metabolism and oxidative stress response may contribute to explain the observed complex alterations in the studied conditions. As revealed by immunohistochemistry, cytoskeleton proteins changes associated with a drastic decrease of Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein (HRG) may elucidate the larval abnormalities in shell development observed for PE and HFE larvae. Overall, the results indicate that each type of pure larva (PG and PE) and their respective female hybrid (HFG and HFE) react similarly to the temperature increase. Our data should be carefully considered in view of the water temperature increase in marine ecosystems and especially for the mussel’s species in confluence zones.

ACS Style

Rania Mlouka; Jérôme Cachot; Susanna Sforzini; Caterina Oliveri; Khouloud Boukadida; Christelle Clerandeau; Beniamina Pacchioni; Caterina Millino; Aldo Viarengo; Mohamed Banni. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of temperature increase on Mytilus sp. and their hybrids at early larval stages. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 708, 135200 .

AMA Style

Rania Mlouka, Jérôme Cachot, Susanna Sforzini, Caterina Oliveri, Khouloud Boukadida, Christelle Clerandeau, Beniamina Pacchioni, Caterina Millino, Aldo Viarengo, Mohamed Banni. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of temperature increase on Mytilus sp. and their hybrids at early larval stages. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 708 ():135200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rania Mlouka; Jérôme Cachot; Susanna Sforzini; Caterina Oliveri; Khouloud Boukadida; Christelle Clerandeau; Beniamina Pacchioni; Caterina Millino; Aldo Viarengo; Mohamed Banni. 2019. "Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of temperature increase on Mytilus sp. and their hybrids at early larval stages." Science of The Total Environment 708, no. : 135200.

Journal article
Published: 12 November 2019 in Environment International
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Microplastics (MPs) are present throughout aquatic ecosystems, and can be ingested by a wide variety of organisms. At present, the physical and chemical effects of environmental MPs on aquatic organisms are poorly documented. This study aims to examine the physiological and behavioral effects caused by fish consuming environmental microplastics at different life stages. MP samples were collected from beaches on three islands (Easter Island, Guam and Hawaii) located near the North and South gyres of the Pacific Ocean. Larvae and juveniles of Japanese Medaka were fed for 30 days with three doses of MPs (0.01, 0.1 and 1% w/w in fish food) approximate to the concentrations measured in moderately and heavily contaminated ocean areas. Ingestion of MPs by medaka larvae caused (variously) death, decreased head/body ratios, increased EROD activity and DNA breaks and, alterations to swimming behavior. A diet of 0.1% MPs was the most toxic. Two-month-old juveniles fed with 0.01% MPs did not exhibit any symptoms except an increase in DNA breaks. Our results demonstrate ingestion and mainly sublethal effects of environmental MPs in early life stages of fish at realistic MP concentrations. The toxicity of microplastics varies from one sample to another, depending on polymer composition, weathering and pollutant content. This study examines the ecological consequences microplastic build-up in aquatic ecosystems, more particularly in coastal marine areas, which serve as breeding and growing grounds for a number of aquatic species.

ACS Style

Pauline Pannetier; Bénédicte Morin; Florane Le Bihanic; Laurence Dubreil; Christelle Clérandeau; Fannie Chouvellon; Kim Van Arkel; Morgane Danion; Jérôme Cachot. Environmental samples of microplastics induce significant toxic effects in fish larvae. Environment International 2019, 134, 105047 .

AMA Style

Pauline Pannetier, Bénédicte Morin, Florane Le Bihanic, Laurence Dubreil, Christelle Clérandeau, Fannie Chouvellon, Kim Van Arkel, Morgane Danion, Jérôme Cachot. Environmental samples of microplastics induce significant toxic effects in fish larvae. Environment International. 2019; 134 ():105047.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pauline Pannetier; Bénédicte Morin; Florane Le Bihanic; Laurence Dubreil; Christelle Clérandeau; Fannie Chouvellon; Kim Van Arkel; Morgane Danion; Jérôme Cachot. 2019. "Environmental samples of microplastics induce significant toxic effects in fish larvae." Environment International 134, no. : 105047.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2019 in Aquatic Toxicology
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Most pesticides used in agriculture end up in the aquatic environment through runoff and leaching of treated crops. One of the most commonly used herbicides is glyphosate. This compound or its metabolites are frequently detected in surface water in Europe. In the present study, in vivo and in vitro studies were carried out using the early life stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the cell line RTL-W1 (a liver cell line from rainbow trout) to characterize the toxic effects of glyphosate at environmentally-realistic concentrations. Both studies were performed using the commercial formulation Roundup® GT Max, and technical-grade glyphosate for the in vitro study. Eyed-stage embryos were exposed for 3 weeks to sub-lethal concentrations (0.1 and 1 mg/L) of glyphosate using Roundup. Numerous toxicity endpoints were recorded such as survival, hatching success, larval biometry, developmental abnormalities, swimming activity, genotoxicity (formamidopyrimidine DNA-glycosylase Fpg-modified comet assay), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyls and target gene transcription. Concentrations neither affected embryonic or larval survival nor increased developmental abnormalities. However, a significant decrease was observed in the head size of larvae exposed to 1 mg/L of glyphosate. In addition, a significant increase in mobility was observed for larvae exposed to glyphosate at 0.1 mg/L. TBARS levels were significantly decreased on larvae exposed to 1 mg/L (a.i.), and cat and cox1 genes were differently transcribed from controls. DNA damage was detected by the Fpg-modified comet assay in RTL-W1 cell line exposed to the technical-grade glyphosate and Roundup formulation. The results suggest that chronic exposure to glyphosate, at environmental concentrations, could represent a potential risk for early life stages of fish.

ACS Style

Shannon Weeks Santos; Patrice Gonzalez; Bettie Cormier; Nicolas Mazzella; Bertille Bonnaud; Soizic Morin; Christelle Clérandeau; Bénédicte Morin; Jérôme Cachot. A glyphosate-based herbicide induces sub-lethal effects in early life stages and liver cell line of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquatic Toxicology 2019, 216, 105291 .

AMA Style

Shannon Weeks Santos, Patrice Gonzalez, Bettie Cormier, Nicolas Mazzella, Bertille Bonnaud, Soizic Morin, Christelle Clérandeau, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot. A glyphosate-based herbicide induces sub-lethal effects in early life stages and liver cell line of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquatic Toxicology. 2019; 216 ():105291.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shannon Weeks Santos; Patrice Gonzalez; Bettie Cormier; Nicolas Mazzella; Bertille Bonnaud; Soizic Morin; Christelle Clérandeau; Bénédicte Morin; Jérôme Cachot. 2019. "A glyphosate-based herbicide induces sub-lethal effects in early life stages and liver cell line of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss." Aquatic Toxicology 216, no. : 105291.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2019 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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This study describes an image analysis method that has been used to analyze the swimming behavior of native oyster D-larvae (Crassostrea gigas) from the Arcachon Bay (SW, France). In a second time, this study evaluated the impact of copper and S-metolachlor pollutants on D-larvae swimming activity and the possible relationship between developmental malformations and abnormal swimming behavior. Analyses in wild and cultivated oyster D-larvae were investigated during two breeding-seasons (2014 and 2015) at different sampling sites and dates. In controlled conditions, the average speed of larvae was 144 μm s−1 and the maximum speed was 297 μm s−1 while the trajectory is mainly rectilinear. In the presence of environmental concentration of copper or S-metolachlor, no significant difference in maximum or average larval speed was observed compared to the control condition but the percentage of circular trajectory increased significantly while the rectilinear swimming larvae significantly declined. The current study demonstrates that rectilinear trajectories are positively correlated to normal larvae while larvae with shell anomalies are positively correlated to circular trajectories. This abnormal behavior could affect the survival and spread of larvae, and consequently, the recruitment and colonization of new habitats.

ACS Style

Perrine Gamain; Alicia Roméro-Ramirez; Patrice Gonzalez; Nicolas Mazzella; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Clémence Compan; Bénédicte Morin; Jérôme Cachot. Assessment of swimming behavior of the Pacific oyster D-larvae (Crassostrea gigas) following exposure to model pollutants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 27, 3675 -3685.

AMA Style

Perrine Gamain, Alicia Roméro-Ramirez, Patrice Gonzalez, Nicolas Mazzella, Pierre-Yves Gourves, Clémence Compan, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot. Assessment of swimming behavior of the Pacific oyster D-larvae (Crassostrea gigas) following exposure to model pollutants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 27 (4):3675-3685.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perrine Gamain; Alicia Roméro-Ramirez; Patrice Gonzalez; Nicolas Mazzella; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Clémence Compan; Bénédicte Morin; Jérôme Cachot. 2019. "Assessment of swimming behavior of the Pacific oyster D-larvae (Crassostrea gigas) following exposure to model pollutants." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 4: 3675-3685.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2017 in Chemosphere
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This paper describes the development of an integrative embryo-toxicity assay in Japanese medaka allowing analysis of several toxicological endpoints together in a same individual. In this assay, embryos are topically exposed, and survival, hatching success, malformations, biometry, behaviour, and target gene expression are subsequently analysed in each individual. This assay was applied to oxazepam, an anxiolytic pharmaceutical compound currently found in wastewater treatment plant effluent. Even if oxazepam accumulation in embryos was very low, it caused spinal and cardiac malformations, delayed growth, erratic swimming and deregulation of genes involved in apoptosis, DNA repair and mitochondrial metabolism. Relationship between gene deregulation, abnormal behaviour, and developmental anomalies was demonstrated. This assay is sensitive enough to detect adverse effects at low chemical concentrations and at multiple endpoints in a unique fish embryo. This integrative embryo-toxicity assay is a powerful tool to characterize the spectrum of effects of new chemicals and also to link effects induced at different molecular, tissue and physiological levels.

ACS Style

Philippine Granger Joly De Boissel; Patrice Gonzalez; Audrey Buleté; Guillemine Daffe; Christelle Clérandeau; Emmanuelle Vulliet; Jérôme Cachot. An innovative and integrative assay for toxicity testing using individual fish embryos. Application to oxazepam. Chemosphere 2017, 181, 468 -477.

AMA Style

Philippine Granger Joly De Boissel, Patrice Gonzalez, Audrey Buleté, Guillemine Daffe, Christelle Clérandeau, Emmanuelle Vulliet, Jérôme Cachot. An innovative and integrative assay for toxicity testing using individual fish embryos. Application to oxazepam. Chemosphere. 2017; 181 ():468-477.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Philippine Granger Joly De Boissel; Patrice Gonzalez; Audrey Buleté; Guillemine Daffe; Christelle Clérandeau; Emmanuelle Vulliet; Jérôme Cachot. 2017. "An innovative and integrative assay for toxicity testing using individual fish embryos. Application to oxazepam." Chemosphere 181, no. : 468-477.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2017 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Sediment compartment is a long term sink for pollutants and a secondary source of contamination for aquatic species. The abiotic factors controlling the bioavailability and thus the toxicity of complex mixtures of pollutants accumulated in sediments are poorly documented. To highlight the different factors influencing sediment toxicity, we identified and analyzed the physico-chemical properties, micro-pollutant contents, and toxicity level of six contrasted sediments in the Lot-Garonne continuum. Sediment toxicity was evaluated using the recently described Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryo-larval assay with direct exposure to whole sediment (MELAc). Multiple toxicity endpoints including embryotoxicity, developmental defects and DNA damage were analyzed in exposed embryos. Chemical analyses revealed significant variations in the nature and contamination profile of sediments, mainly impacted by metallic trace elements and, unexpectedly, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Exposure to sediments induced different toxic impacts on medaka early life stages when compared with the reference site. Principal component analysis showed that the toxic responses following exposure to sediments from the Lot River and its tributary were associated with micro-pollutant contamination: biometric measurements, hatching success, genotoxicity, craniofacial deformities and yolk sac malabsorption were specifically correlated to metallic and organic contaminants. Conversely, the main biological responses following exposure to the Garonne River sediments were more likely related to their physico-chemical properties than to their contamination level. Time to hatch, cardiovascular injuries and spinal deformities were correlated to organic matter content, fine particles and dissolved oxygen levels. These results emphasize the necessity of combining physico-chemical analysis of sediment with toxicity assessment to accurately evaluate the environmental risks associated with sediment contamination.

ACS Style

Iris Barjhoux; Christelle Clérandeau; Karyn Le Menach; Pierre Anschutz; Patrice Gonzalez; Hélène Budzinski; Bénédicte Morin; Magalie Baudrimont; Jérôme Cachot. A comprehensive study of the toxicity of natural multi-contaminated sediments: New insights brought by the use of a combined approach using the medaka embryo-larval assay and physico-chemical analyses. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2017, 142, 509 -521.

AMA Style

Iris Barjhoux, Christelle Clérandeau, Karyn Le Menach, Pierre Anschutz, Patrice Gonzalez, Hélène Budzinski, Bénédicte Morin, Magalie Baudrimont, Jérôme Cachot. A comprehensive study of the toxicity of natural multi-contaminated sediments: New insights brought by the use of a combined approach using the medaka embryo-larval assay and physico-chemical analyses. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2017; 142 ():509-521.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iris Barjhoux; Christelle Clérandeau; Karyn Le Menach; Pierre Anschutz; Patrice Gonzalez; Hélène Budzinski; Bénédicte Morin; Magalie Baudrimont; Jérôme Cachot. 2017. "A comprehensive study of the toxicity of natural multi-contaminated sediments: New insights brought by the use of a combined approach using the medaka embryo-larval assay and physico-chemical analyses." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 142, no. : 509-521.

Original research article
Published: 16 March 2017 in Frontiers in Marine Science
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This study evaluated the vulnerability of early life stages of native oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from the Arcachon Bay (SW, France) to pollutants at risk in the lagoon in particular copper and S-metolachlor. Developmental abnormalities in wild and cultivated oyster D-larvae were investigated during 2 breeding-seasons (2013 and 2014) at different sampling sites and dates. In addition, copper and metolachlor concentrations were determined both in seawater and in mature oysters. Bioaccumulation of Cu was observed at higher levels in wild than in farmed specimens. Metolachlor was accumulated at much lower levels. After 24h exposure, significant increases of the percentage of abnormal D-larvae were observed when exposed at 1 µg L-1 of copper or 10 ng L-1 of metolachlor in comparison with the controls whatever the date, the site and rearing conditions of the genitors. The current study demonstrates that environmental concentrations of copper and metolachlor can induce a significant increase of developmental abnormalities in farmed and wild populations of oysters. However, no significant differences of sensitivity were observed according to temporal, spatial parameters and lifestyle of genitors. In addition, oyster larvae obtained from the hatchery displayed the same sensitivity to pollutants as larvae from the field, demonstrating their suitability for toxicity assays and water quality monitoring.

ACS Style

Perrine Gamain; Jérôme Cachot; Patrice Gonzalez; Hélène Budzinski; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Bénédicte Morin. Do Temporal and Spatial Parameters or Lifestyle of the Pacific Oyster Crasssostrea gigas Affect Pollutant Bioaccumulation, Offspring Development, and Tolerance to Pollutants? Frontiers in Marine Science 2017, 4, 1 .

AMA Style

Perrine Gamain, Jérôme Cachot, Patrice Gonzalez, Hélène Budzinski, Pierre-Yves Gourves, Bénédicte Morin. Do Temporal and Spatial Parameters or Lifestyle of the Pacific Oyster Crasssostrea gigas Affect Pollutant Bioaccumulation, Offspring Development, and Tolerance to Pollutants? Frontiers in Marine Science. 2017; 4 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perrine Gamain; Jérôme Cachot; Patrice Gonzalez; Hélène Budzinski; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Bénédicte Morin. 2017. "Do Temporal and Spatial Parameters or Lifestyle of the Pacific Oyster Crasssostrea gigas Affect Pollutant Bioaccumulation, Offspring Development, and Tolerance to Pollutants?" Frontiers in Marine Science 4, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Marine Environmental Research
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The present work aimed to assess the effects of two widespread metallic pollutants, copper and silver, along with environmentally-realistic temperature increases, on embryo-larval development of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. First, mussel embryos upon fertilization were exposed for 48 h to increasing concentrations of Cu (0.5-500 μg/L) and Ag (0.1-100 μg/L) at different temperatures (18, 20, 22 or 24 °C) in order to characterize toxicity of each toxicant at the different tested temperatures. Increasing concentrations of a Cu-Ag mixture were then tested in order to assess the mixture effect at different temperatures (18, 20 or 22 °C). Embryotoxicity was measured after 48 h of exposure (D-larvae stage) considering both the percentage of abnormalities and developmental arrest in D-larvae. The results suggest that the optimum temperature for mussel larvae development is 18 °C (12.65± 1.6% malformations) and beyond 20 °C a steep increase of abnormal larvae was observed up to 100% at 24 °C. Ag was more toxic than Cu with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) at 18 °C of 6.58 μg/L and 17.6 μg/L, respectively. Temperature increased the toxicity of both metals as proved with the EC50 at 20 °C at 3.86 μg/L and 16.28 μg/L for Ag and Cu respectively. Toxic unit calculation suggests additive effects of Cu and Ag in mixture at 18 and 20 °C. These results highlight a possible impairment of M. galloprovincialis reproduction in the Mediterranean Sea in relation to increase of both pollutants and water temperature due to global warming.

ACS Style

Khouloud Boukadida; Mohamed Banni; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Jérôme Cachot. High sensitivity of embryo-larval stage of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis to metal pollution in combination with temperature increase. Marine Environmental Research 2016, 122, 59 -66.

AMA Style

Khouloud Boukadida, Mohamed Banni, Pierre-Yves Gourves, Jérôme Cachot. High sensitivity of embryo-larval stage of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis to metal pollution in combination with temperature increase. Marine Environmental Research. 2016; 122 ():59-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khouloud Boukadida; Mohamed Banni; Pierre-Yves Gourves; Jérôme Cachot. 2016. "High sensitivity of embryo-larval stage of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis to metal pollution in combination with temperature increase." Marine Environmental Research 122, no. : 59-66.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2016 in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
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Sediments are sinks for aquatic pollutants and analysing toxicity in such complex matrices is still challenging. To evaluate the toxicity of bioavailable pollutants accumulated in sediments from the Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia), a novel assay named Medaka embryo-larval assay by sediment-contact (MELAc) was applied. Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos were incubated in direct contact with sediment samples up to hatching. Lethal and sub-lethal adverse effects were recorded in embryos and larvae up to 20 days post-fertilisation. Results from the MELAc assay were compared with cytotoxicity (Microtox®), genotoxicity (SOS Chromotest) and pollutant content of sediments. Our results highlight differences in the contamination profile and toxicity pattern between the different studied sediments. A significant correlation was shown between MELAc and SOS Chromotest responses and concentrations of most organic pollutants studied. No correlation was shown between pollutant levels and Microtox®. According to the number of sediment samples detected as toxic, MELAc was more sensitive than Microtox®, which in turn was more sensitive than SOS Chromotest. MELAc allowed sediment toxicity assessment of moderately polluted sediments without pollutant extraction and using an ecologically-realistic exposure scenario. Although the MELAc assay should still be tested on a larger sample set, our results show that it is sensitive and convenient enough to monitor the toxicity of natural sediments. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Badreddine Barhoumi; Christelle Clérandeau; Laure Landi; Anaïk Pichon; Florane Le Bihanic; Dominique Poirier; Pierre Anschutz; Hélène Budzinski; Mohamed Ridha Driss; Jérôme Cachot. Assessing the toxicity of sediments using the medaka embryo-larval assay and 2 other bioassays. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2016, 35, 2270 -2280.

AMA Style

Badreddine Barhoumi, Christelle Clérandeau, Laure Landi, Anaïk Pichon, Florane Le Bihanic, Dominique Poirier, Pierre Anschutz, Hélène Budzinski, Mohamed Ridha Driss, Jérôme Cachot. Assessing the toxicity of sediments using the medaka embryo-larval assay and 2 other bioassays. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2016; 35 (9):2270-2280.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Badreddine Barhoumi; Christelle Clérandeau; Laure Landi; Anaïk Pichon; Florane Le Bihanic; Dominique Poirier; Pierre Anschutz; Hélène Budzinski; Mohamed Ridha Driss; Jérôme Cachot. 2016. "Assessing the toxicity of sediments using the medaka embryo-larval assay and 2 other bioassays." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 35, no. 9: 2270-2280.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2015 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Benz[a]anthracene (BaA) is a ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in numerous aquatic ecosystems. However, ecotoxicological data in aquatic organisms are scarce. To remedy this lack of data, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos were exposed to BaA and toxic effects were investigated at multiple toxicological endpoints. Japanese medaka embryos were incubated onto BaA-spiked artificial sediment for 9 days at low or moderate environmental concentrations ranging from 0.9 to 12µgg(-1) dw. BaA-exposed embryos exhibited significant tachycardia. BaA exposure was also shown to increase CYP1A activity in the hepato-biliary tissue as well as craniofacial deformities and DNA damage in pro-larvae. The photomotor response of BaA-exposed larvae was reduced in comparison to the control group. According to this set of tests, the lowest tested and observed effect concentration (LOEC) for Japanese medaka early life stages was equivalent to 0.92µgg(-1) dw of BaA. This concentration fall into the range of concentrations frequently encountered in sediments of polluted aquatic ecosystems. Taking into consideration these results, BaA represents a threat for fish early life stages in particular those developing onto or into contaminated sediments

ACS Style

Florane Le Bihanic; Vivien Sommard; De Lansalut Perrine; Anaïk Pichon; Julie Grasset; Saadia Berrada; Hélène Budzinski; Xavier Cousin; Bénédicte Morin; Jérôme Cachot. Environmental concentrations of benz[a]anthracene induce developmental defects and DNA damage and impair photomotor response in Japanese medaka larvae. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2015, 113, 321 -328.

AMA Style

Florane Le Bihanic, Vivien Sommard, De Lansalut Perrine, Anaïk Pichon, Julie Grasset, Saadia Berrada, Hélène Budzinski, Xavier Cousin, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot. Environmental concentrations of benz[a]anthracene induce developmental defects and DNA damage and impair photomotor response in Japanese medaka larvae. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2015; 113 ():321-328.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Florane Le Bihanic; Vivien Sommard; De Lansalut Perrine; Anaïk Pichon; Julie Grasset; Saadia Berrada; Hélène Budzinski; Xavier Cousin; Bénédicte Morin; Jérôme Cachot. 2015. "Environmental concentrations of benz[a]anthracene induce developmental defects and DNA damage and impair photomotor response in Japanese medaka larvae." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 113, no. : 321-328.