Recently, the production of macro-fungi (mushrooms) has steadily increased, and so has their economic value, in global terms. The use of functional foods, dietary supplements, and traditional medicines derived from macro-fungi is increasing as they have numerous health benefits as well as abundant nutrients. This study aimed to determine some biochemical contents (pH, soluble solid contents (SSC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total phenolic contents (TPC)) of eight edible macro-fungi species growing naturally (in the wild) in Turkey. The samples were collected in the Van Yuzuncu Yil University (VAN YYU) campus area in the months of April–May 2018, in different locations, and brought to the laboratory, and the necessary mycological techniques were applied for their identification. Location, habitats, collection dates and some morphological measurements were determined for all identified species. Biochemical parameters of the macro-fungi species were analyzed separately both in cap and stem. The color values (L, a, b, Chroma and hue) were separately evaluated on cap surface, cap basement and stem. Results showed that there were significant differences for most of the biochemical parameters in different organs between and within species. The pH, SSC, TAC and TPC values varied from 6.62 to 8.75, 2.25 to 5.80° brix, 15.72 to 57.67 TE mg⁻¹ and 13.85 to 60.16 gallic acid equivalent (GAE) fresh weight basis. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the parameters such as total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and soluble content in Morchella esculenta, Helvella leucopus, Agaricus bitorquis and Suillus collinitus were higher than for the other species and clearly implied that they may be further exploited as functional ingredients in the composition of innovative food products.

Domates üretimini olumsuz etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri de kuraklıktır. Kuraklık domates üretiminde verimi ve kaliteyi azaltmanın yanı sıra, üreticilere de maddi sıkıntılar yaşatmaktadır. Bu sıkıntıları azaltmanın en önemli yollarından biri de kuraklığa tolerant çeşitlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada kuraklığa tolerans gösteren çeşitlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada üç adet hibrit, üç adet standart ve üç adet mahalli çeşit kullanılmıştır. Domates tohumları 1:1 oranında torf + perlit karışımı içeren 2 litrelik saksılara ekilmiştir. Kotiledon yaprakları açıldıktan sonra Hogland besin çözeltisiyle sulama yapılmıştır. Sulamaya kontrol bitkilerinde çalışma bitirilinceye kadar devam edilmiş, kuraklık uygulanan bitkilerde ise fide döneminde sulama aniden kesilmiştir. 12 gün sonra bitkilerde bitki yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları, büyüme oranı, yaprak sayısı, gövde çapı, bitki boyu, 0-5 görsel skala değeri, membran zararlanma indeksi ve yaprak oransal su içeriği durumları incelenmiştir. Kuraklık stresine tolerant ve duyarlı domates çeşitlerinin belirlenmesinde incelenen bu parametrelerde bariz farklar oluştuğu gözlemlenmiştir.

The study was conducted to determine the morphological changes caused by different fertilizer applications on the fresh bean, in the Göllü Village of Tusba District of Van Province according to the randomized blocks experimental design in 2019 and 2020. Sazova 1949 dwarf bean variety was used as plant material in the study. The field experiment was carried out with 4 replications and 4 different fertilizer applications (chemical, organomineral, cattle, and vermicompost) except for the control. In the study, plant height, stem diameter, node number, internode length, flower bud length, flower bud width, flower stem length, number of flowers per cluster, bract length, number of nodes with the first flower, middle leaflet length, number of leaves, first pod height, pod length, pod width, number of pods per bunch, pod weight, pod thickness, number of seeds per pod, chlorophyll (SPAD value) and leaf color L*, a*, b, Chroma°, and hue° values were investigated. As a result of the study; it was determined that different fertilizer applications gave significantly different results in terms of the traits examined, higher results were obtained from organomineral and vermicompost fertilizers compared to the control group, and generally equivalent or better results were obtained than chemical fertilizers. It was concluded that some organic fertilizer applications in bean cultivation might be used as an alternative to chemical fertilizer applications in terms of a sustainable world.

Seed priming and organic nutrient management are widely recognized strategies for improving seed germination and early seedling establishment; however, their combined effects on seed physiological quality in common bean remain insufficiently understood, particularly under controlled production systems. This study evaluated the effects of five fertilizer regimes (Control, Chemical, Organo-mineral, Cattle Manure, and Vermicompost) and eight seed-priming treatments (No priming, Hydropriming, Vermipriming, Cow Urine Priming, and their accelerated aging combinations) on germination and emergence performance of the Sazova 1949 dwarf bean cultivar across two production years. Significant effects (p < 0.05) of both fertilizer and priming treatments were observed for most seed quality traits, including germination percentage, mean germination time, germination and emergence indices, and electrical conductivity. Fertilizer regimes significantly influenced seed electrical conductivity, with organo-mineral fertilizer showing the lowest values, indicating improved membrane integrity, although some effects varied across years. Priming treatments had a pronounced effect on seed performance, where hydropriming and vermipriming significantly reduced mean germination time and improved germination percentage and vigor indices compared with non-primed seeds, while cow urine priming generally resulted in lower performance. Accelerated aging significantly reduced seed vigor; however, some priming treatments partially mitigated these negative effects. Overall, the combined use of effective seed priming and organic-based fertilizer regimes significantly enhanced seed physiological quality under laboratory conditions. However, the study was limited to controlled experiments on a single cultivar, and therefore results should be interpreted as indicators of seed vigor rather than direct agronomic performance. Field validation and long-term assessments are required to confirm broader applicability.