Simon Carroll is an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Sociology, at the University of Victoria. He teaches a variety of courses at the undergraduate and graduate level. He has a particular interest in the areas of sociological theory, the sociology of health and illness, and in social justice and social inequalities. His research over the past 15 years has been focused on sociological approaches to understanding health systems, specifically focused on reorienting health systems from a health promotion perspective. Methodologically, he has been involved in an emerging approach to knowledge synthesis, called ‘realist synthesis’. He has also contributed to the development of a variant of participatory action research, called Collaborative Action Research, which uses community-based participatory research principles extended to multiple stakeholders in intersectoral settings.