Background: Combination therapies delivered remotely via the internet or mobile devices are increasingly being used to improve and promote the self-management of chronic conditions. However, little is known regarding the long-term effects of these interventions. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal intervention program that measures associated variables such as catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and quality of life using a mobile device in people with chronic pain in an outpatient setting. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed using parallel treatment groups. A total of 209 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain were randomly assigned to one of the two study arms. The intervention group received a standard web-based psychosocial therapy-type program of activities through a smartphone for 6 weeks. The control group only had access to the Find out more section of the app, which contained audiovisual material for pain management based on a self-help approach. The primary outcome was catastrophizing measured using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Secondary outcomes were pain acceptance measured using the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire and health-related quality of life measured using the EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale. Assessments were conducted at baseline (T1), after treatment (T2), and at the 3-month follow-up (T3). The variations between the different phases were assessed using the percentage change rescaled with log base 2. The Cohen d was calculated based on the results of the linear mixed model. The investigators of the study who evaluated the results were not involved in patient recruitment and were blinded to the group assignment. Results: Positive effects were found in the intervention group (T2–T1) in catastrophizing between the baseline and posttreatment phases (P<.001) and in helplessness (−0.72 vs 0.1; P=.002), rumination (−1.59 vs −0.53; P<.001), acceptance (0.38 vs 0.05; P=.001), and quality of life (0.43 vs −0.01; P=.002), although no significant changes were found for magnification (0.2 vs 0.77; P=.14) and satisfaction with health (0.25 vs −0.27; P=.13). Three months after treatment, significant differences were observed in the intervention group for the outcome variable of catastrophizing (PCS; −0.59 vs 0.2; P=.006) and the PCS subscales of helplessness (−0.65 vs 0.01; P=.07), rumination (1.23 vs −0.59; P=.04), and magnification (0.1 vs 0.86; P=.02). Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that app-based mobile multidimensional treatments for adults with chronic pain improve catastrophizing, quality of life, and psychological flexibility immediately after treatment and that the effects are maintained for the primary outcome of catastrophizing for at least 3 months following treatment. Moreover, they promote self-management and can be used to complement face-to-face pain treatments. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04509154; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04509154

Background: The use of diverse therapies combined with a multidisciplinary approach and prevention initiatives for patients with chronic non-malignant pain (CNMP) can improve health and have a positive impact on psychotropic drug use and the self-management of pain. Purpose: This purpose of this study has been two-fold: to conduct a literature review with a view to selecting best evidence recommendations for CNMP and to prioritize self-care recommendations using a participatory methodology for the analysis and selection of interventions. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive, and documentary method based on participatory action research was used. Findings: Based on the study results, a multimodal psychosocial intervention program has been designed for CNMP that includes psychoeducational therapy, pharmacological therapy, physical exercise, and health assets. Discussion: The findings are consistent with previous studies underlining the need to invest in resources for the management of CNMP, including strategies for good differential diagnoses and pharmacological treatments combined with non-pharmacological treatments to confer greater well-being for people living with pain who want to participate in their own recovery.

Objetivo. Destacar la importancia del enfoque One Health y el papel crucial de las enfermeras, no solo en la atención directa a pacientes, sino también en la implementación de políticas y prácticas que promuevan una salud integrada y sostenible. Se busca proporcionar una visión comprensiva de cómo las enfermeras pueden liderar iniciativas que abarquen la salud humana, animal y ambiental, demostrando a través de ejemplos y análisis cómo esta integración puede transformar la práctica clínica y la salud pública, mejorando los resultados de salud y promoviendo un futuro más sostenible. Conclusión principal: Las enfermeras, están posicionadas de manera única para liderar las disparidades en la atención sanitaria y salud pública, buscando mejorar el bienestar global. El compromiso con el enfoque One Health transforma la práctica de las enfermeras, extendiendo su alcance más allá de la atención individual hacia un impacto más significativo en la salud pública global. Al asumir roles de liderazgo en gestión, formación, política y colaboración interdisciplinaria, las enfermeras no solo pueden mejorar los resultados de salud sino también promover un mundo más saludable y sostenible.

BACKGROUND Combination therapies delivered remotely via the internet or mobile devices are increasingly being used to improve and promote the self-management of chronic conditions. However, little is known regarding the long-term effects of these interventions. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal intervention program that measures associated variables such as catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and quality of life using a mobile device in people with chronic pain in an outpatient setting. METHODS A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed using parallel treatment groups. A total of 209 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain were randomly assigned to one of the two study arms. The intervention group received a standard web-based psychosocial therapy-type program of activities through a smartphone for 6 weeks. The control group only had access to the Find out more section of the app, which contained audiovisual material for pain management based on a self-help approach. The primary outcome was catastrophizing measured using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Secondary outcomes were pain acceptance measured using the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire and health-related quality of life measured using the EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale. Assessments were conducted at baseline (T1), after treatment (T2), and at the 3-month follow-up (T3). The variations between the different phases were assessed using the percentage change rescaled with log base 2. The Cohen d was calculated based on the results of the linear mixed model. The investigators of the study who evaluated the results were not involved in patient recruitment and were blinded to the group assignment. RESULTS Positive effects were found in the intervention group (T2–T1) in catastrophizing between the baseline and posttreatment phases (P<.001) and in helplessness (−0.72 vs 0.1; P=.002), rumination (−1.59 vs −0.53; P<.001), acceptance (0.38 vs 0.05; P=.001), and quality of life (0.43 vs −0.01; P=.002), although no significant changes were found for magnification (0.2 vs 0.77; P=.14) and satisfaction with health (0.25 vs −0.27; P=.13). Three months after treatment, significant differences were observed in the intervention group for the outcome variable of catastrophizing (PCS; −0.59 vs 0.2; P=.006) and the PCS subscales of helplessness (−0.65 vs 0.01; P=.07), rumination (1.23 vs −0.59; P=.04), and magnification (0.1 vs 0.86; P=.02). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study suggest that app-based mobile multidimensional treatments for adults with chronic pain improve catastrophizing, quality of life, and psychological flexibility immediately after treatment and that the effects are maintained for the primary outcome of catastrophizing for at least 3 months following treatment. Moreover, they promote self-management and can be used to complement face-to-face pain treatments. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04509154; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04509154