Interest in the development of smart and active biodegradable packaging materials is increasing as food manufacturers try to improve the sustainability and environmental impact of their products, while still maintaining their quality and safety. Active packaging materials contain components that enhance their functionality, such as antimicrobials, antioxidants, light blockers, or oxygen barriers. Smart packaging materials contain sensing components that provide an indication of changes in food attributes, such as alterations in their quality, maturity, or safety. For instance, a smart sensor may give a measurable color change in response to a deterioration in food quality. This article reviews recent advances in the development of active and smart biodegradable packaging materials in the food industry. Moreover, studies on the application of these packaging materials to monitor the freshness and safety of food products are reviewed, including dairy, meat, fish, fruit and vegetable products. Finally, the potential challenges associated with the application of these eco-friendly packaging materials in the food industry are discussed, as well as potential future directions.

Mechanical response, dynamical/thermal stability, electronic/optical properties and photocatalytic features of monoclinic As₂X₃ (X = S, Se and Te) nanosheets are explored via DFT simulations. As₂Te₃ lattice predicted by this study is found to exhibit superior superstretchability, outperforming other known 2D materials.

Nowadays, distribution and microorganism resistance against antimicrobial compounds have caused crucial food safety problems. Hence, nanotechnology and zeolite are recognized as new approaches to manage this problem due to their inherent antimicrobial activity. Different studies have confirmed antimicrobial effects of Nano particles (NPs) (metal and metal oxide) and zeolite, by using various techniques to determine antimicrobial mechanism. This review includes an overview of research with the results of studies about antimicrobial mechanisms of nanoparticles and zeolite. Many researches have shown that type, particle size and shape of NPs and zeolite are important factors showing antimicrobial effectiveness. The use of NPs and zeolite as antimicrobial components especially in food technology and medical application can be considered as prominent strategies to overcome pathogenic microorganisms. Nevertheless, further studies are required to minimize the possible toxicity of NPs in order to apply suitable alternatives for disinfectants and antibacterial agents in food applications.