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Dr. Guillaume Spielmann
School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA

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0 Exercise
0 psychological stress
0 immunometabolism
0 Spaceflight
0 T-cell senescence

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Spaceflight

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Journal article
Published: 03 August 2021 in Viruses
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Circulating immune cell numbers and phenotypes are impacted by high-intensity acute bouts of exercise and infection history with the latent herpesviruses cytomegalovirus (CMV). In particular, CMV infection history impairs the exercise-induced mobilization of cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells 1 (ILC1) cells, also known as NK cells, in the blood. However, it remains unknown whether exercise and CMV infection modulate the mobilization of traditionally tissue-resident non-cytotoxic ILCs into the peripheral blood compartment. To address this question, 22 healthy individuals with or without CMV (20–35 years—45% CMVpos) completed 30 min of cycling at 70% VO2 max, and detailed phenotypic analysis of circulating ILCs was performed at rest and immediately post-exercise. We show for the first time that a bout of high-intensity exercise is associated with an influx of ILCs that are traditionally regarded as tissue-resident. In addition, this is the first study to highlight that latent CMV infection blunts the exercise-response of total ILCs and progenitor ILCs (ILCPs). These promising data suggest that acute exercise facilitates the circulation of certain ILC subsets, further advocating for the improvements in health seen with exercise by enhancing cellular mobilization and immunosurveillance, while also highlighting the indirect deleterious effects of CMV infection in healthy adults.

ACS Style

Eunhan Cho; Bailey Theall; James Stampley; Joshua Granger; Neil Johannsen; Brian Irving; Guillaume Spielmann. Cytomegalovirus Infection Impairs the Mobilization of Tissue-Resident Innate Lymphoid Cells into the Peripheral Blood Compartment in Response to Acute Exercise. Viruses 2021, 13, 1535 .

AMA Style

Eunhan Cho, Bailey Theall, James Stampley, Joshua Granger, Neil Johannsen, Brian Irving, Guillaume Spielmann. Cytomegalovirus Infection Impairs the Mobilization of Tissue-Resident Innate Lymphoid Cells into the Peripheral Blood Compartment in Response to Acute Exercise. Viruses. 2021; 13 (8):1535.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eunhan Cho; Bailey Theall; James Stampley; Joshua Granger; Neil Johannsen; Brian Irving; Guillaume Spielmann. 2021. "Cytomegalovirus Infection Impairs the Mobilization of Tissue-Resident Innate Lymphoid Cells into the Peripheral Blood Compartment in Response to Acute Exercise." Viruses 13, no. 8: 1535.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2019 in Journal of Applied Physiology
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Long-duration spaceflights reportedly induce immune dysregulation, which is considered a risk to astronaut safety and mission success. Recent studies have examined the impact of spaceflight on markers of adaptive and innate immunity, but no study, to date, has comprehensively evaluated humoral immunity and serological markers of B cell function. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in B cell numbers and phenotypes, along with plasma Igs and polyclonal free light chains (FLCs)—near-“real-time” biomarkers of Ig synthesis—in response to an ~6-mo mission to the International Space Station (ISS). Whole-blood samples were collected before flight, during flight (“Early flight,” “Mid-flight,” and “Late flight”), immediately upon return, and during a recovery period (R + 18, R + 30/R + 33, and R + 60/R + 66) from 23 ISS crew members. B Cell counts and phenotypes were measured throughout the duration of the mission, along with total plasma Ig and FLC levels. There was no effect of spaceflight on the number and proportion of the different B cell subsets. There was no difference in kappa FLC between preflight samples and either in-flight or recovery samples ( P > 0.05), and only a marginal reduction was observed in lambda FLC levels upon return to Earth ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, IgG and IgM remained unchanged during and after spaceflight compared with preflight values ( P > 0.05). Of note, plasma IgA concentrations were elevated in-flight compared with baseline and recovery values ( P < 0.05). These results indicate that B cell homeostasis is maintained during long-duration spaceflight, advocating for potential in-flight vaccination as viable countermeasures against viral reactivation during exploration-class missions.

ACS Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Nadia H Agha; Hawley E Kunz; Richard Simpson; Brian E Crucian; Satish K Mehta; Mitzi Laughlin; John P. Campbell. B cell homeostasis is maintained during long-duration spaceflight. Journal of Applied Physiology 2019, 126, 469 -476.

AMA Style

Guillaume Spielmann, Nadia H Agha, Hawley E Kunz, Richard Simpson, Brian E Crucian, Satish K Mehta, Mitzi Laughlin, John P. Campbell. B cell homeostasis is maintained during long-duration spaceflight. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2019; 126 (2):469-476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Nadia H Agha; Hawley E Kunz; Richard Simpson; Brian E Crucian; Satish K Mehta; Mitzi Laughlin; John P. Campbell. 2019. "B cell homeostasis is maintained during long-duration spaceflight." Journal of Applied Physiology 126, no. 2: 469-476.

Review
Published: 19 July 2018 in Nutrients
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Diminished bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), the gaseous signaling molecule involved in the regulation of numerous vital biological functions, contributes to the development and progression of multiple age- and lifestyle-related diseases. While l-arginine is the precursor for the synthesis of NO by endothelial-nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), oral l-arginine supplementation is largely ineffective at increasing NO synthesis and/or bioavailability for a variety of reasons. l-citrulline, found in high concentrations in watermelon, is a neutral alpha-amino acid formed by enzymes in the mitochondria that also serves as a substrate for recycling l-arginine. Unlike l-arginine, l-citrulline is not quantitatively extracted from the gastrointestinal tract (i.e., enterocytes) or liver and its supplementation is therefore more effective at increasing l-arginine levels and NO synthesis. Supplementation with l-citrulline has shown promise as a blood pressure lowering intervention (both resting and stress-induced) in adults with pre-/hypertension, with pre-clinical (animal) evidence for atherogenic-endothelial protection. Preliminary evidence is also available for l-citrulline-induced benefits to muscle and metabolic health (via vascular and non-vascular pathways) in susceptible/older populations. In this review, we examine the impact of supplementing this important urea cycle intermediate on cardiovascular and metabolic health outcomes and identify future directions for investigating its therapeutic impact on cardiometabolic health.

ACS Style

Timothy D. Allerton; David N. Proctor; Jacqueline M. Stephens; Tammy R. Dugas; Guillaume Spielmann; Brian A. Irving. l-Citrulline Supplementation: Impact on Cardiometabolic Health. Nutrients 2018, 10, 921 .

AMA Style

Timothy D. Allerton, David N. Proctor, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Tammy R. Dugas, Guillaume Spielmann, Brian A. Irving. l-Citrulline Supplementation: Impact on Cardiometabolic Health. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (7):921.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Timothy D. Allerton; David N. Proctor; Jacqueline M. Stephens; Tammy R. Dugas; Guillaume Spielmann; Brian A. Irving. 2018. "l-Citrulline Supplementation: Impact on Cardiometabolic Health." Nutrients 10, no. 7: 921.

Clinical trial
Published: 14 June 2018 in Arthritis Research & Therapy
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which adults have significant joint issues leading to poor health. Poor health is compounded by many factors, including exercise avoidance and increased risk of opportunistic infection. Exercise training can improve the health of patients with RA and potentially improve immune function; however, information on the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in RA is limited. We sought to determine whether 10 weeks of a walking-based HIIT program would be associated with health improvements as measured by disease activity and aerobic fitness. Further, we assessed whether HIIT was associated with improved immune function, specifically antimicrobial/bacterial functions of neutrophils and monocytes. Twelve physically inactive adults aged 64 ± 7 years with either seropositive or radiographically proven (bone erosions) RA completed 10 weeks of high-intensity interval walking. Training consisted of 3 × 30-minute sessions/week of ten ≥ 60-second intervals of high intensity (80–90% VO2reserve) separated by similar bouts of lower-intensity intervals (50–60% VO2reserve). Pre- and postintervention assessments included aerobic and physical function; disease activity as measured by Disease Activity score in 28 joints (DAS28), self-perceived health, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR); plasma interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations; and neutrophil and monocyte phenotypes and functions. Despite minimal body composition change, cardiorespiratory fitness increased by 9% (change in both relative and absolute aerobic capacity; p < 0.001), and resting blood pressure and heart rate were both reduced (both p < 0.05). Postintervention disease activity was reduced by 38% (DAS28; p = 0.001) with significant reductions in ESR and swollen joints as well as improved self-perceived health. Neutrophil migration toward CXCL-8 (p = 0.003), phagocytosis of Escherichia coli (p = 0.03), and ROS production (p < 0.001) all increased following training. The frequency of cluster of differentiation 14-positive (CD14+)/CD16+ monocytes was reduced (p = 0.002), with both nonclassical (CD14dim/CD16bright) and intermediate (CD14bright/CD16positive) monocytes being reduced (both p < 0.05). Following training, the cell surface expression of intermediate monocyte Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and HLA-DR was reduced (all p < 0.05), and monocyte phagocytosis of E. coli increased (p = 0.02). No changes were observed for inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL-8, IL-10, CRP, or TNF-α. We report for the first time, to our knowledge, that a high-intensity interval walking protocol in older adults with stable RA is associated with reduced disease activity, improved cardiovascular fitness, and improved innate immune functions, indicative of reduced infection risk and inflammatory potential. Importantly, the exercise program was well tolerated by these patients. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02528344. Registered on 19 August 2015.

ACS Style

David B. Bartlett; Leslie H. Willis; Cris A. Slentz; Andrew Hoselton; Leslie Kelly; Janet L. Huebner; Virginia B. Kraus; Jennifer Moss; Michael J. Muehlbauer; Guillaume Spielmann; William E. Kraus; Janet M. Lord; Kim M. Huffman. Ten weeks of high-intensity interval walk training is associated with reduced disease activity and improved innate immune function in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2018, 20, 1 -15.

AMA Style

David B. Bartlett, Leslie H. Willis, Cris A. Slentz, Andrew Hoselton, Leslie Kelly, Janet L. Huebner, Virginia B. Kraus, Jennifer Moss, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Guillaume Spielmann, William E. Kraus, Janet M. Lord, Kim M. Huffman. Ten weeks of high-intensity interval walk training is associated with reduced disease activity and improved innate immune function in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. Arthritis Research & Therapy. 2018; 20 (1):1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David B. Bartlett; Leslie H. Willis; Cris A. Slentz; Andrew Hoselton; Leslie Kelly; Janet L. Huebner; Virginia B. Kraus; Jennifer Moss; Michael J. Muehlbauer; Guillaume Spielmann; William E. Kraus; Janet M. Lord; Kim M. Huffman. 2018. "Ten weeks of high-intensity interval walk training is associated with reduced disease activity and improved innate immune function in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study." Arthritis Research & Therapy 20, no. 1: 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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ACS Style

Guillaume Spielmann; John Campbell; Brian E. Crucian; Mitzi S. Laughlin; Richard J. Simpson. The Impact Of Long Duration Spaceflight On The Function Of Plasma Cells. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2018, 50, 336 .

AMA Style

Guillaume Spielmann, John Campbell, Brian E. Crucian, Mitzi S. Laughlin, Richard J. Simpson. The Impact Of Long Duration Spaceflight On The Function Of Plasma Cells. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2018; 50 (5S):336.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillaume Spielmann; John Campbell; Brian E. Crucian; Mitzi S. Laughlin; Richard J. Simpson. 2018. "The Impact Of Long Duration Spaceflight On The Function Of Plasma Cells." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 50, no. 5S: 336.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Acta Astronautica
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Long duration spaceflights are associated with profound dysregulation of the immune system and latent viral reactivations. However, little is known on the impact of long duration spaceflight on innate immunity which raises concerns on crewmembers' ability to fight infections during a mission. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of spaceflight on plasma antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) and how these changes impact latent herpesvirus reactivations. Plasma, saliva and urine samples were obtained from 23 crewmembers before, during and after a 6-month mission on the International Space Station (ISS). Plasma AMP concentrations were determined by ELISA, and saliva Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) and urine cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA levels were quantified by Real-Time PCR. There was a non-significant increase in plasma HNP1-3 and LL-37 during the early and middle stages of the missions, which was significantly associated with changes in viral DNA during and after spaceflight. Plasma HNP1-3 and Lysozyme increased at the late mission stages in astronauts who had exhibited EBV and VZV reactivations during the early flight stages. Following return to Earth and during recovery, HNP1-3 and lysozyme concentrations were associated with EBV and VZV viral DNA levels, reducing the magnitude of viral reactivation. Reductions in plasma LL-37 upon return were associated with greater CMV reactivation. This study shows that biomarkers of innate immunity appeared to be partially restored after 6-months in space and suggests that following adaptation to the space environment, plasma HNP1-3 and lysozyme facilitate the control of EBV and VZV reactivation rate and magnitude in space and upon return on earth. However, the landing-associated decline in plasma LL-37 may enhance the rate of CMV reactivation in astronauts following spaceflight, potentially compromising crewmember health after landing.

ACS Style

G. Spielmann; M.S. Laughlin; H. Kunz; B.E. Crucian; H.D. Quiriarte; S.K. Mehta; D.L. Pierson; Richard Simpson. Latent viral reactivation is associated with changes in plasma antimicrobial protein concentrations during long-duration spaceflight. Acta Astronautica 2018, 146, 111 -116.

AMA Style

G. Spielmann, M.S. Laughlin, H. Kunz, B.E. Crucian, H.D. Quiriarte, S.K. Mehta, D.L. Pierson, Richard Simpson. Latent viral reactivation is associated with changes in plasma antimicrobial protein concentrations during long-duration spaceflight. Acta Astronautica. 2018; 146 ():111-116.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Spielmann; M.S. Laughlin; H. Kunz; B.E. Crucian; H.D. Quiriarte; S.K. Mehta; D.L. Pierson; Richard Simpson. 2018. "Latent viral reactivation is associated with changes in plasma antimicrobial protein concentrations during long-duration spaceflight." Acta Astronautica 146, no. : 111-116.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Annals of Research in Sport and Physical Activity
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Nadia H Agha; Et. Al.; Forrest L. Baker; Hawley E Kunz; Guillaume Spielmann; Richard J. Simpson; Mitzi Laughlin; Bridgette Rooney; Pritish Leo Mylabathula. The impact of a 6-month mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on salivary antimicrobial proteins. Annals of Research in Sport and Physical Activity 2018, 99 -100.

AMA Style

Nadia H Agha, Et. Al., Forrest L. Baker, Hawley E Kunz, Guillaume Spielmann, Richard J. Simpson, Mitzi Laughlin, Bridgette Rooney, Pritish Leo Mylabathula. The impact of a 6-month mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on salivary antimicrobial proteins. Annals of Research in Sport and Physical Activity. 2018; (ex2018):99-100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nadia H Agha; Et. Al.; Forrest L. Baker; Hawley E Kunz; Guillaume Spielmann; Richard J. Simpson; Mitzi Laughlin; Bridgette Rooney; Pritish Leo Mylabathula. 2018. "The impact of a 6-month mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on salivary antimicrobial proteins." Annals of Research in Sport and Physical Activity , no. ex2018: 99-100.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2017 in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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ACS Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Mitzi Laughlin; Hawley Kunz; Brian Crucian; Satish K. Mehta; Duan L. Pierson; Richard J. Simpson. Long-duration Spaceflight And Latent Viral Reactivation Alter Plasma Antimicrobial Protein Concentrations. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2017, 49, 289 .

AMA Style

Guillaume Spielmann, Mitzi Laughlin, Hawley Kunz, Brian Crucian, Satish K. Mehta, Duan L. Pierson, Richard J. Simpson. Long-duration Spaceflight And Latent Viral Reactivation Alter Plasma Antimicrobial Protein Concentrations. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2017; 49 (5S):289.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Mitzi Laughlin; Hawley Kunz; Brian Crucian; Satish K. Mehta; Duan L. Pierson; Richard J. Simpson. 2017. "Long-duration Spaceflight And Latent Viral Reactivation Alter Plasma Antimicrobial Protein Concentrations." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 49, no. 5S: 289.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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ACS Style

Richard J. Simpson; Austin B. Bigley; Guillaume Spielmann; Hawley E. Kunz; Nadia Agha; Forrest Baker; Bridgette Rooney; Pritish L. Mylabathula; Rachel M. Graff; Brian E. Crucian; Mitzi Laughlin; Satish K. Mehta; Duane L. Pierson. Long Duration Spaceflight Impairs NK-cell Function In Astronauts. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2016, 48, 87 .

AMA Style

Richard J. Simpson, Austin B. Bigley, Guillaume Spielmann, Hawley E. Kunz, Nadia Agha, Forrest Baker, Bridgette Rooney, Pritish L. Mylabathula, Rachel M. Graff, Brian E. Crucian, Mitzi Laughlin, Satish K. Mehta, Duane L. Pierson. Long Duration Spaceflight Impairs NK-cell Function In Astronauts. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2016; 48 ():87.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Richard J. Simpson; Austin B. Bigley; Guillaume Spielmann; Hawley E. Kunz; Nadia Agha; Forrest Baker; Bridgette Rooney; Pritish L. Mylabathula; Rachel M. Graff; Brian E. Crucian; Mitzi Laughlin; Satish K. Mehta; Duane L. Pierson. 2016. "Long Duration Spaceflight Impairs NK-cell Function In Astronauts." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48, no. : 87.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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ACS Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Catherine Bollard; Hawley Kunz; Patrick J. Hanley; Richard J. Simpson. A Single Bout Of Exercise Enhances The Ex Vivo Manufacture Of Viral-specific T-cells. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2016, 48, 1 .

AMA Style

Guillaume Spielmann, Catherine Bollard, Hawley Kunz, Patrick J. Hanley, Richard J. Simpson. A Single Bout Of Exercise Enhances The Ex Vivo Manufacture Of Viral-specific T-cells. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2016; 48 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Catherine Bollard; Hawley Kunz; Patrick J. Hanley; Richard J. Simpson. 2016. "A Single Bout Of Exercise Enhances The Ex Vivo Manufacture Of Viral-specific T-cells." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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ACS Style

Nadia H. Agha; Forrest L. Baker; Guillaume Spielmann; Austin B. Bigley; Richard J. Simpson. Can A Single Exercise Bout Increase The Yield Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells From Peripheral Blood? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2016, 48, 86 .

AMA Style

Nadia H. Agha, Forrest L. Baker, Guillaume Spielmann, Austin B. Bigley, Richard J. Simpson. Can A Single Exercise Bout Increase The Yield Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells From Peripheral Blood? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2016; 48 ():86.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nadia H. Agha; Forrest L. Baker; Guillaume Spielmann; Austin B. Bigley; Richard J. Simpson. 2016. "Can A Single Exercise Bout Increase The Yield Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells From Peripheral Blood?" Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48, no. : 86.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
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ACS Style

Hawley Kunz; Guillaume Spielmann; Emily C. LaVoy; Nadia H. Agha; Rachel M. Graff; Catherine M. Bollard; Richard J. Simpson. Enhancing The Generation Of Adenovirus-Specific T Cells With Exercise For Immunotherapy. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2016, 48, 86 -87.

AMA Style

Hawley Kunz, Guillaume Spielmann, Emily C. LaVoy, Nadia H. Agha, Rachel M. Graff, Catherine M. Bollard, Richard J. Simpson. Enhancing The Generation Of Adenovirus-Specific T Cells With Exercise For Immunotherapy. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2016; 48 ():86-87.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hawley Kunz; Guillaume Spielmann; Emily C. LaVoy; Nadia H. Agha; Rachel M. Graff; Catherine M. Bollard; Richard J. Simpson. 2016. "Enhancing The Generation Of Adenovirus-Specific T Cells With Exercise For Immunotherapy." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48, no. : 86-87.

Review
Published: 01 January 2016 in Exercise immunology review
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ACS Style

Richard J Simpson; Austin B Bigley; Guillaume Spielmann; Emily C P LaVoy; Hawley Kunz; Catherine M Bollard. Human cytomegalovirus infection and the immune response to exercise. Exercise immunology review 2016, 22, 1 .

AMA Style

Richard J Simpson, Austin B Bigley, Guillaume Spielmann, Emily C P LaVoy, Hawley Kunz, Catherine M Bollard. Human cytomegalovirus infection and the immune response to exercise. Exercise immunology review. 2016; 22 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Richard J Simpson; Austin B Bigley; Guillaume Spielmann; Emily C P LaVoy; Hawley Kunz; Catherine M Bollard. 2016. "Human cytomegalovirus infection and the immune response to exercise." Exercise immunology review 22, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2014 in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
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Dynamic exercise evokes a rapid redeployment of cytotoxic T cell subsets with high expression of β2 adrenergic receptors, presumably to enhance immunosurveillance during acute stress. As this response is affected by age and infection history, this study examined latent CMV infection as a potential confounder to age-related differences in blood CD8+ T-cell responses to exercise. Healthy young (n=16) and older (n=16) humans counterbalanced by CMV IgG serostatus (positive or negative) exercised for 30-min at ∼80% peak cycling power. Those with CMV redeployed ∼2-times more CD8+ T-cells and ∼6-times more KLRG1+/CD28- and CD45RA+/CCR7- CD8+ subsets than non-infected exercisers. Seronegative older exercisers had an impaired redeployment of total CD8+ T-cells, CD45RA+/CCR7+ and KLRG1-/CD28+ CD8+ subsets compared to young. Redeployed CD8+ T-cell numbers were similar between infected young and old. CMVpp65 specific CD8+ cells in HLA/A2(∗) subjects increased ∼2.7-fold after exercise, a response that was driven by the KLRG1+/CD28-/CD8+ subset. Stimulating PBMCs before and after exercise with CMVpp65 and CMV IE-1 antigens and overlapping peptide pools revealed a 2.1 and 4.4-fold increases in CMVpp65 and CMV IE-1 IFN-γ secreting cells respectively. The breadth of the T cell response was maintained after exercise with the magnitude of the response being amplified across the entire epitope repertoire. To conclude, latent CMV infection overrides age-related impairments in CD8+ T-cell redeployment with exercise. We also show for the first time that many T-cells redeployed with exercise are specific to CMVpp65 and CMV IE-1 antigens, have broad epitope specificity, and are mostly of a high-differentiated effector memory phenotype.

ACS Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Catherine M. Bollard; Austin B. Bigley; Patrick J. Hanley; James W. Blaney; Emily C.P. LaVoy; Hanspeter Pircher; Richard J. Simpson. The effects of age and latent cytomegalovirus infection on the redeployment of CD8+ T cell subsets in response to acute exercise in humans. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2014, 39, 142 -151.

AMA Style

Guillaume Spielmann, Catherine M. Bollard, Austin B. Bigley, Patrick J. Hanley, James W. Blaney, Emily C.P. LaVoy, Hanspeter Pircher, Richard J. Simpson. The effects of age and latent cytomegalovirus infection on the redeployment of CD8+ T cell subsets in response to acute exercise in humans. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2014; 39 ():142-151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Catherine M. Bollard; Austin B. Bigley; Patrick J. Hanley; James W. Blaney; Emily C.P. LaVoy; Hanspeter Pircher; Richard J. Simpson. 2014. "The effects of age and latent cytomegalovirus infection on the redeployment of CD8+ T cell subsets in response to acute exercise in humans." Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 39, no. : 142-151.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2011 in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
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Senescent T-cells accumulate with age, lowering the naïve T-cell repertoire and increasing host infection risk. As this response is likely to be influenced by certain lifestyle factors, we examined the association between aerobic fitness (VO(2max)) and the age-related accumulation of senescent T-cells. Blood lymphocytes from 102 healthy males (18-61 yr) were analyzed for KLRG1, CD57, CD28, CD45RA, CD45RO surface expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells by 4-color flow cytometry. Advancing age (yr) was positively associated with the proportion (%) of senescent (KLRG1+/CD57+; KLRG1+/CD28-) CD4+ (B=1.00; 1.02) and CD8+ (B=0.429; 1.02) T-cells and inversely associated with naïve (KLRG1-/CD28+) CD4+ (B=-1.000) and CD8+ (B=-0.993) T-cells. VO(2max) was inversely associated with senescent CD4+ (B=-0.97) and CD8+ (B=-0.240). Strikingly, age was no longer associated with the proportions of senescent or naïve T-cells after adjusting for VO(2max), while the association between VO(2max) and these T-cell subsets withstood adjustment for age, BMI and percentage body fat. Ranking participants by age-adjusted VO(2max) revealed that the highest tertile had 17% more naïve CD8+ T-cells and 57% and 37% less senescent CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, respectively, compared to the lowest tertile. VO(2max) was not associated with latent cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection, indicating that the moderating associations of VO(2max) were not confounded by persistent viral infections. This is the first study to show that aerobic fitness is associated with a lower age-related accumulation of senescent T-cells, highlighting the beneficial effects of maintaining a physically active lifestyle on the aging immune system.

ACS Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Brian K. McFarlin; Daniel P. O’Connor; Paula J.W. Smith; Hanspeter Pircher; Richard J. Simpson. Aerobic fitness is associated with lower proportions of senescent blood T-cells in man. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2011, 25, 1521 -1529.

AMA Style

Guillaume Spielmann, Brian K. McFarlin, Daniel P. O’Connor, Paula J.W. Smith, Hanspeter Pircher, Richard J. Simpson. Aerobic fitness is associated with lower proportions of senescent blood T-cells in man. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2011; 25 (8):1521-1529.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillaume Spielmann; Brian K. McFarlin; Daniel P. O’Connor; Paula J.W. Smith; Hanspeter Pircher; Richard J. Simpson. 2011. "Aerobic fitness is associated with lower proportions of senescent blood T-cells in man." Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 25, no. 8: 1521-1529.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2010 in Exercise immunology review
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Richard J Simpson; Cormac Cosgrove; Meng M Chee; Brian K McFarlin; David B Bartlett; Guillaume Spielmann; Daniel P O'connor; Hanspeter Pircher; Paul Shiels. Senescent phenotypes and telomere lengths of peripheral blood T-cells mobilized by acute exercise in humans. Exercise immunology review 2010, 16, 1 .

AMA Style

Richard J Simpson, Cormac Cosgrove, Meng M Chee, Brian K McFarlin, David B Bartlett, Guillaume Spielmann, Daniel P O'connor, Hanspeter Pircher, Paul Shiels. Senescent phenotypes and telomere lengths of peripheral blood T-cells mobilized by acute exercise in humans. Exercise immunology review. 2010; 16 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Richard J Simpson; Cormac Cosgrove; Meng M Chee; Brian K McFarlin; David B Bartlett; Guillaume Spielmann; Daniel P O'connor; Hanspeter Pircher; Paul Shiels. 2010. "Senescent phenotypes and telomere lengths of peripheral blood T-cells mobilized by acute exercise in humans." Exercise immunology review 16, no. : 1.