A escola está inserida como componente da atual sociedade das organizações, sendo um dos componentes do macro sistema organizacional, o que sugere a necessidade de uma boa gestão para que se mantenha sustentável e competitiva. Assim, neste estudo, tem-se por objetivo sugerir o ciclo PDCA como proposta para uma gestão escolar eficiente. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método bibliográfico conceitual desenvolvido por Nascimento-e-Silva (2012), que consiste na formulação de questões norteadoras, coleta de dados em livros e bases de dados, organização e interpretação dos dados para a geração das respostas. Os resultados obtidos permitiram constatar que o ciclo PDCA é uma ferramenta que pode contribuir para a eficiência da gestão escolar, pois fornece uma estrutura para a aplicação de métodos de melhoria contínua alicerçados pela teoria do conhecimento gerencial, bem como pode ser utilizado nas mais diversas realidades e instituições de ensino.Palavras-chave: PCDA; gestão escolar; administração.

Purpose: Scientific production has tried to understand the various evolutionary intricacies of Industry 4.0, the so-called fourth industrial revolution. As discoveries increase and deepen, there must also be an effort to understand the frontiers of scientific knowledge, its most noticeable and studied aspects, and those attributes that have only now been perceived. It is, therefore, necessary to periodically take stock of what science knows about the phenomenon to understand where it is headed and which paths have already been taken. Therefore, the need to take inventory of the current state of knowledge about Industry 4.0 was the theoretical justification for this study. Theoretical framework: The theoretical architecture of this study consisted of the transformations that the industrial revolutionary stages caused in production systems, firstly, and then for the entire society. It involves aspects from various areas of scientific knowledge to understand the different perceptions contained in the scientific literature on the phenomenon of Industry 4.0. Design/Methodology/Approach: The conceptual bibliographic method was used to generate answers to three guiding questions: What are the main approaches to Industry 4.0? What are its main attributes? What is its irradiation logic? All conceptual definitions in scientific studies published in English and Portuguese available in the Google Scholar database from 2019 to 2020 were analyzed, with a total of 19 studies. The semantic analysis technique was used to identify the approaches and attributes, which were then organized by semantic proximity, constituting the semantic groupings on which the results were generated and interpreted. Findings: The results showed the existence of eight groups of approaches (procedures, evolution, time, grouping, transformation, layer, organization, and model) and twelve groups of attributes (industrialization, transformation technologies, information technologies, integrated system, processes, society, quality, knowledge, planning, market, value chain, and automation). These discoveries made it possible to understand that Industry 4.0 has a driving force: knowledge, which spreads similarly in waves until it reaches the entire society and is not limited only to the interior of factories and economic organizations. Research, Practical, and Social Implications: Two implications of these findings stand out. The first is the dynamic nature of implementing Industry 4.0 in organizations, whether economic or not, which is done more quickly if knowledge and technologies are available or more slowly when expertise and technologies are fragile or non-existent. The second is teleological since the purpose of Industry 4.0 and all industrial revolutions is to continually improve production processes, even though these benefits often generate unwanted externalities, such as environmental impacts. This means that the progress of knowledge and its developments cannot be stopped but can be directed towards other purposes. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study to science is to point out the current stage of the evolution of Industry 4.0 about previous revolutions. Three other contributions are also significant: identifying the main approaches to the phenomenon, its most prominent characteristics, and its irradiation dynamics.

This study aimed to review the scientific literature on strategic management published in the Google Scholar database between 2021 and 2023 and available for access. The conceptual bibliographic method was used in its four stages: 1) formulation of the problem and guiding questions, with their respective response patterns; 2) collection of data on scientific bases, with the help of the mass of data; 3) organization of data into figurative schematic format, so that the answers sought can be visible and 4) generation of answers, to communicate discoveries to scientific communities. The results showed a) seven approaches (process, art, knowledge, set, management, actions, and system), b) 45 attributes organized into seven semantic groupings (Environment, organization (social group), planning, organization, direction, implementation, and control ) and c) that the logic of strategic management is focused on knowledge of the environment (internal and external) so that the management process (planning, organization, direction, and control) can be effective. The conclusion shows that the more the organization relates to the external environment and meeting needs, the greater the probability that its goals will be achieved.

Purpose: Agribusiness is a phenomenon of interest to science from several aspects, and this multiplicity of aspects taken simultaneously is a new way of trying to understand and explain it. Specific, unidisciplinary studies still predominate on a single element of agribusiness, such as finance, marketing, and production, among countless others. However, the trend is towards multifactorial studies because agribusiness is a phenomenon that cannot be classified solely as industry, commerce, or service or as a primary, secondary, or tertiary sector. Consolidated agribusiness is all of these things simultaneously, whose reality is delimited by science based on its conceptual definitions. Therefore, the definitions must be analyzed so that the current stage of scientific knowledge about the phenomenon can be understood, especially its limits, characteristics, and dynamics, which are the purposes of this study. Theoretical Structure: The theoretical architecture of this study consisted of seeking to understand the phenomenon of agribusiness with socio-economic development, which is its most evident externality. It was carried out interdisciplinary, highlighting its integral reality based on what appears and can be identified in the conceptual definitions available in scientific publications. The justification for this procedure was the need to understand agribusiness from multiple scientific views so that its various aspects could be understood. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study aimed to analyze the conceptual definitions of agribusiness in the scientific literature in studies published between 2015 and 2023. To this end, it established three guiding questions, which sought to identify the frontiers of knowledge about the phenomenon, its main attributes, and what logical scheme it is possible to find among its main defining characteristics. For this, the conceptual bibliographic method was used, which consists of formulating a problem and its breakdown into a response pattern, collecting data in scientific databases, organizing and analyzing data based on semantic resources, and generating responses from the diagrammatic layout of the data organization. Findings: The results showed the existence of nine approaches to agribusiness (set, sum, activity, science, practice, configuration, industry, process, and transformation) and eight groups of attributes (transnational activities, commercialization, distribution logistics, supply logistics, companies, production, services, and agroecosystem). These discoveries allowed us to understand that agribusiness has an evolutionary dynamic that begins with the professionalization of the rural output and culminates with the irradiation of the reach of this production to transnational borders. Research, Practical, and Social Implications: These findings fundamentally affect how agribusiness is viewed. In Brazil, in particular, the prevalent mentality tends to distinguish agribusiness as a unique and exclusive form of large rural enterprises, almost all of which are already globalized, excluding small enterprises from this coverage, almost always classified as family farming. Suppose the family farmer establishes himself as an enterprise. In that case, he often receives the entire discriminatory range intended for the large agribusiness enterprise, discouraging his professionalization, an essential corollary of the germ of agribusiness. Professionalization involves replacing improvised methods of producing and managing the enterprise with rational aspects originating from science and introducing scientifically subsidized techniques and technologies. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study to science was the construction of an evolutionary dynamic of agribusiness, which begins with the professionalization of rural production and culminates with globalization. These findings suggest that the family farming stage needs to be broken so that the benefits of professionalization can lead to improved quality of life and desired socioeconomic development for producers and partners.

Context: Environments of uncertainty and instability force organizations to modify their actions. The reason for this change is that the minimum data and information needed to establish the logic of production cannot be obtained. Objective: This study aimed to identify the impacts of the external environment on the logistics strategies of the industrial organizations operating at the Manaus Industrial Pole. Methodology: The method was the survey, which used a research protocol as a guide, and had as its subject five managers of the logistics sector of five medium and large industries operating in the industrial center of Manaus, Brazil, intentionally chosen, whose Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews and the results were generated with the aid of content analysis. Results: The results showed that a) the logistics chain is made up of foreign suppliers and domestic consumers, b) the organizations are managed by professionals with adequate technical and scientific training and solid professional experience in the area, c) the impacts of the external environment are of economic, political, ecological and political-economic natures and d) all were perceived as threats to the logistics strategies of the surveyed industries. Conclusion: The impacts of the external environment caused organizations to reduce their logistics operations. Contribution of the study to the logistics area: the confirmation that turbulent outdoor environments force organizations to reduce their production activities.

Although it is recognized as an instrument capable of guaranteeing transparency and assertiveness in scientific investigations, the research protocol is still little known by the academic community. The present study addresses research protocols with focus on three aspects: what they are, what characterizes them and how they are developed. The method used was the conceptual bibliography, based on the scientific papers available in the Google Scholar and Science Direct databases. The definitions found in the scientific literature consulted were interpreted based on techniques of semantic and content analysis. The results showed that: a) the research protocol is the outline of the methodology for collecting and analyzing data in order to achieve the research objectives, b) the protocols are composed of four stages: introductory, procedural, practical and drafting and c) the steps follow a procedural logic, in which the introductory excerpt describes the theme of the study, the procedural phase details the strategies used to collect and analyze data, the practical phase consists of obtaining the data that will support the research analysis and the editorial part it concerns the preparation of manuscripts for publication. The conclusion shows that the research protocols are methodological instruments used to guarantee the validity and reliability of the results.