Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb. or Kadamb, a huge evergreen tree with large leaves and beautiful ball shaped fruits is commonly found in India. The leaves, fruits and bark of Kadamb posses significant pharmacological properties due to presence of variety of chemical constituents in them. The present study is aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostical, physiochemical and phytochemical parameters for Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb. leaves as per the WHO guidelines for herbal drug standardization. WHO emphasized the use of standardized herbs and formulations for safety and best therapeutic results. Pharmacognostical studies shows that the leaves of Kadamb are green to pale yellow, odourless with a bitter and acrid taste. The simple, ovate-elliptical, petiolated leaf sized between 15-50cm in length and upto 26cm width with glossy upper surface, undulated margin and pinnate venation. The powder microscopy shows the presence of aboundant multicellular trichomes, phloem fibres, scleriform xylem vessels, epidermal cells, cork cells and parenchymatous tissues. Physiochemical analysis shows variable extractive values in different solvents with maximum extractives of 19.40±0.011% in petroleum ether. Total Ash value of 8.33±0.015%, Acid Insoluble Ash-2.25±0.005% and Water Soluble Ash-1.25±0.01%, Foreign Matter-2.33±0.12%, Moisture content of 8.12±0.01%, Bitterness value-1.6, Swelling Index-2.17±0.01 and Foaming Index-166.67. Phytochemical analysis of the leaf powder of Anthocephalus cadamba shows the presence of saponins, alkaloids, tannins and phenolics. The botanical, physical and chemical parameters obtained in this study can be used for establishing the identity and purity of the drug that will lead to safety and efficacy of the herb.

Solvent extracts of Cinnamomum tamala (CT) leaves were screened for phytochemicals, and the flavonoid and phenolic contents were estimated. The two standard marker compounds quercetin and eugenol were also quantified using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The total flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined using aluminum chloride and Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric methods, respectively. The ethanolic extracts had the highest total flavonoid and phenolic contents with 141.31 ± 0.053 mg QE g⁻¹ and 178.96 ± 0.62 mg GAE g⁻¹, respectively. The HPTLC method was used to detect spots for quercetin and eugenol (R_f value of 0.63 and 0.59, respectively). The amounts of eugenol and quercetin were 452.6 µg and 705.6 µg in 100 mg of the ethanolic extract of CT leaves, respectively.

Sarasvata churna is an Ayurvedic formulation prescribed for Epilepsy and other brain-related disorders. The objective of this study is to explore bioactive principles present in Sarasvata churna using GCMS and HPTLC techniques and establishing their correlation in Epilepsy treatment. The volatile oil obtained by hydrodistillation was used for the GCMS analysis and methanolic extracts were used for HPTLC studies. HPTLC fingerprints for the formulation and method for simultaneous qualitative analysis of biomarkers in the formulation was developed using HPTLC. The GCMS report shows the presence of α-Pinene, Propanal, 2-Caren-10-al, 3-Caren-10-al, Caryophyllene, Epiglobulol, Asarones, α-selinene, α-sesquiphellandrene, o-cymene, copaene etc. HPTLC fingerprints for methanolic extracts of Sarasvata churna was established with good separation and resolution in solvent system Toluene:Ethylacetate: Methanol (7.5:2.5:0.5 v/v/v). The HPTLC method for simultaneous analysis of marker compounds in the formulation was developed in solvent system Ethylacetate:Glycial acetic acid:Toluene:Water (4:1:1:0.5 v/v/v/v) with Rf 0.77 for Piperine, 0.07 for Bacosides and Rf 0.57 for Withnolides in the reference compounds and methanolic extracts of Sarasvata churna. Chromatographic patterns of reference compounds were easily detectable in the tracks of Sarasvata churna methanolic extracts. The chromatographic standards obtained from this study will help in chemical standardization of Sarasvata churna and enhance the use Sarasvata churna for management of Epilepsy.

Herbal digestive tablets are meant for treating indigestion problems. The indigestion problem is one of the major problems of all (the) ages of human beings. As trends for eating fast foods is increasing, simultaneously the improper digestion also tends to increase. There are a number of digestive tablets in the market but in attempt to improve their taste the actual motto behind their use is masked. To combat the indigestion problems, in the present study an attempt has been made to formulate, develop and evaluate herbal digestive tablets. The formula of the digestive tablet has been decided after deep review of Ayurvedic formulary of India. The ingredients of this formulation have been procured from authentic sources. The wet granulation method was used to prepare the granules for punching the tablets. After preparation, the herbal digestive tablets were subjected to various pharmaceutical evaluations and quality control evaluations as per the guidelines from World Health Organization (WHO). The formulation was also subjected to antioxidant screening using Phosphomolybdenum method. The digestive tablets are obtained as light brown-colored round tablets with pleasant odour and spicy taste with an average size of 8mm and smooth edges. Maximum extractive value was observed as 34% in methanol with a total ash value of 10.16%. Other parameters reported as bitterness value- 0.69 units, volatile oil content-8%, loss on drying- 12.3%, swelling and foaming index of 0.27 and less than 100 respectively. The tablets showed a total antioxidant potential of 0.51mg/mg as Ascorbic acid equivalent. Tablets also pass various pharmaceutical evaluation parameters like hardness, friability, weight variation, and disintegration test. Herbal digestive tablets have very excellent taste due to less bitter drugs. The tablet formula can be applied to prepare large scale production of digestive tablets.

Trikatu - A combination of three bioavailability enhancers

In a couple of decades, there has been exponential development in the field of homegrown medications. The greater part of the conventional arrangement of herbal medication is viable; however, they need standardization. So there is a need to build up a procedure standardization. Standardization of natural medicine is fundamental so as to evaluate the quality, purity, efficacy and safety of the herbal medications. Homegrown medications are the well-known type of customary medication and the high universal requests because of their simplicity of accessibility, there lesser reactions. These homegrown details are the property or information on the mature ages of each home. Homegrown medications additionally have an enormous holistic accepts ex. Holi tulsi plant. It is important to build up basic procedures to the standardization of related natural medications. The present investigation standardization of Triphala Churna significantly centered around that region under WHO guidelines. This polyherbal Churna utilized to treat the obstruction and another gastric issue. Right now, arranged Triphala Churna was nearly standardized with the reference acquired from advertising. For the standardization of the above details were finished by assessing the macroscopically, microscopical, powder stream properties, extractive qualities, physicochemical characters, overwhelming metal substance location, qualitative and quantitive tests of tannins and alkaloids, TLC fingerprinting test to evaluate the quality and safety and therapeutic activity of formulation.