Background: Studies show that social anxiety in adolescence have negative impact on quality of life. The study evaluates social anxiety links with mental and physical health factors in adolescents aged 15–19 years. Methods: The research was performed in 2018 in secondary schools in Lithuania and included 1722 participants (46.1% males and 53.9% females). The social anxiety was assessed using Social Anxiety and Avoidance Scale for Adolescents. The main results were obtained using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Total of 58.5% of adolescents were characterized by high social anxiety and 14.7% by high avoidance. Females more often were characterized by high anxiety compared to males. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that good mental health was a significant protective factor against high SA in adolescents. For females, high anxiety and avoidance were associated with living with both parents, for males, high anxiety was linked with mother’s university education. Very common stomach and abdominal pain in females as well as severe and very common stomach or abdominal pain in males, increase the risk of major social anxiety. Conclusions: High social anxiety were more prevalent between females than males and was linked with various well-being and health aspects in adolescents.

Problems experienced within the first year of an infant's life can be precursors of later mental health conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and continuity of difficult behaviors in infants at 3 and 6 months of age and the associations of these difficulties with biomedical and psychosocial factors.

Introduction: The user expectations and experiences of healthcare services are acknowledged as components of the quality of healthcare evaluations. The aim of the study is to analyse women's experiences and views on childbirth care in Lithuania.Methods: The study used the Babies Born Better (B3) online survey as the data collection instrument. The B3 is an ongoing longitudinal international project, examining the experiences of intrapartum care and developed as part of EU‐funded COST Actions (IS0907 and IS1405). Responses to open‐ended questions about (1) the best things about the care and (2) things in childbirth care worth changing are included in the current analysis. The participants are 373 women who had given birth within 5 years in Lithuania. A deductive coding framework established by the literature review was used to analyse the qualitative data. The framework involves three main categories: (1) the service, (2) the emotional experience and (3) the individually experienced care, each further divided into subcategories.Results: Reflecting the experience and views regarding theserviceat birthplace women wished empowerment, support for their autonomy and to be actively involved in decisions, the need for privacy, information and counselling, especially about breastfeeding. In terms ofemotional experience, women highlighted the importance of comprehensibility/feeling of safety, positive manageability of various situations and possibilities for bonding with the newborn.Individually experienced carewas described by feedback on specific characteristics of care providers, such as competence, personality traits, time/availability and encouragement of esteem in women in childbirth. The possibilities of homebirth were also discussed. The findings reflected salutogenic principles.Key Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Lithuanian healthcare system is in a transition from paternalistic attitude‐based practices to a shift towards patient‐oriented care. Implementation of the improvements suggested for women in childbirth care in Lithuania would require some additional services, improved emotional and intrapersonal aspects of care and a more active role for women.Patient/Public Contribution: Patients and the public contributed to this study by spreading information about surveys and research findings through their involvement in service user groups that have an interest in maternity care. Members of the patients' groups and the public were involved in the discussion of the results.

By developing the emotional and social competences of children of preschool age, one can expect the prevention of emotional and behavioral problems and a better social and academic adaptation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ELLA training for the promotion of emotional and social competences in 3–6-year-old children in preschool education institutions in Lithuania. In total, 140 children aged 3–6 years participated in the quasi-experimental study, of which 86 children were assigned to the experimental group and 54 were assigned to the control group. Children of the experimental group were given a modified program—the ELLA training for the promotion of emotional and social competences. Children’s emotional and social competences were assessed before and after the program. The EMK 3–6 inventory (germ. Inventar zur Erfassung Emotionaler Kompetenzen bei Drei-bis Sechsjährigen, EMK 3–6) was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of teachers and to carry out an individual assessment performed by psychologists in order to assess the children’s competences. The ELLA training significantly improved children’s emotional and social competences. Based on the teachers’ assessment, the children’s self-regulation abilities improved, and based on the children’s individual assessment conducted by psychologists, the application of the program resulted in the improvement of the children’s primary emotions, secondary emotions, and prosocial behavior competences.

Studies report the link between exposure to major neonatal surgery and the risk of later neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of this study was to find out the behavioral problem scores of 2.5–5 years old children who had undergone median/major non-cardiac surgery before the age of 90 days, and to relate these to intraoperative cerebral tissue oxygenation values (rSO₂), perioperative duration of mechanical ventilation (DMV) and doses of sedative/analgesic agents. Internalizing (IP) and externalizing problems (EP) of 34 children were assessed using the CBCL for ages 1½–5. Median (range) IP and EP scores were 8.5 (2–42) and 15.5 (5–33), respectively and did not correlate with intraoperative rSO₂. DMV correlated and was predictive for EP (β (95% CI) 0.095 (0.043; 0.148)). An aggregate variable “opioid dose per days of ventilation” was predictive for EP after adjusting for patients’ gestational age and age at the day of psychological assessment, after further adjustment for age at the day of surgery and for cumulative dose of benzodiazepines (β (95% CI 0.009 (0.003; 0.014) and 0.008 (0.002; 0.014), respectively). Neonatal/infantile intraoperative cerebral oxygenation was not associated with later behavioral problems. The risk factors for externalizing problems appeared to be similar to the risk factors in preterm infant population.