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In 1995, she graduated in economics with a major in foreign trade at the University of Gdańsk, in 2006 she obtained a doctorate in economic sciences at the Gdańsk University of Technology, and in 2018 - habilitation in the discipline of economics. Since 2000, she has been working at the Faculty of Management and Economics of the Gdańsk University of Technology, at the Department of Economic Sciences. She is the author and co-author of over 90 publications in the field of international economics, mainly concerning the international competitiveness of the economies of Central and Eastern Europe. Manager and contractor of many research projects, both domestic (NBP, NCN) and international (BSR, Erasmus +). Actively participates in the research network of 19 universities - "Baltic Sea Academy" in Hamburg. He is a reviewer for many JCR journals. She has received several individual and team awards from the Rector of GUT.
Our paper aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on private sector companies in terms of sales, production, finance and employment. We check whether the country and industry in which companies operate, government financial support and loan access matter to the behaviour and performances of companies during the pandemic. We use a microdata set from a worldwide survey of more than 15,729 companies conducted between April and September 2020 by the World Bank. Logistic regression is used to assess which factors increase the likelihood of businesses suffering due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results show that COVID-19 negatively impacts the performance of companies in almost all countries analysed, but a stronger effect is observed among firms from developing countries. The pandemic is more harmful to firms providing services than those representing the manufacturing sector. Due to the pandemic, firms suffer mainly in sales and liquidity decrease rather than employment reduction. The increase in the number of temporary workers is an important factor that significantly reduces the probability of sales, exports or supply decline. The analysis results indicate policy tools supporting enterprises during the pandemic, such as increasing the flexibility of the labour market or directing aid to developing countries.
Magdalena Olczyk; Marta Kuc-Czarnecka. Determinants of COVID-19 Impact on the Private Sector: A Multi-Country Analysis Based on Survey Data. Energies 2021, 14, 4155 .
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk, Marta Kuc-Czarnecka. Determinants of COVID-19 Impact on the Private Sector: A Multi-Country Analysis Based on Survey Data. Energies. 2021; 14 (14):4155.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk; Marta Kuc-Czarnecka. 2021. "Determinants of COVID-19 Impact on the Private Sector: A Multi-Country Analysis Based on Survey Data." Energies 14, no. 14: 4155.
This article aims to improve one of the newest energy transition measures—the World Economic Forum WEF Energy Transition Index (ETI) and find its driving forces. This paper proposes a new approach to correct the ETI structure, i.e., sensitivity analysis, which allows assessing the accuracy of variable weights. Moreover, the novelty of the paper is the use the spatial error models to estimate determinants of the energy transition on different continents. The results show that ETI is unbalanced and includes many variables of marginal importance for the shape of the final ranking. The variables with the highest weights in ETI did not turn out to be its most important determinants, which means that they differentiate the analysed countries well; nonetheless, they do not have sufficient properties of approximating the values of the ETI components. The most important components of ETI (with the highest information load) belong to the CO2 emissions per capita, the innovative business environment, household electricity prices, or renewable capacity buildout. Moreover, we identified the clustering of both ETI and its two main pillars in Europe, which is not observed in America and Asia. The identified positive spatial effects showing that European countries need much deeper cooperation to reach a successful energy transition.
Marta Kuc-Czarnecka; Magdalena Olczyk; Marek Zinecker. Improvements and Spatial Dependencies in Energy Transition Measures. Energies 2021, 14, 3802 .
AMA StyleMarta Kuc-Czarnecka, Magdalena Olczyk, Marek Zinecker. Improvements and Spatial Dependencies in Energy Transition Measures. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3802.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Kuc-Czarnecka; Magdalena Olczyk; Marek Zinecker. 2021. "Improvements and Spatial Dependencies in Energy Transition Measures." Energies 14, no. 13: 3802.
The goal of the paper is to verify a causal relationship between forward linkages from domestic services to manufacturing and the participation/position of a country in global value chains (GVCs) in selected Central and Eastern European economies. We observed a strong polarisation pattern: the Baltic countries along with the Czech Republic strengthen their positions and participation in GVCs by having a strong relationship between the financial sector and manufacturing, while Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia have solid linkages between transportation services and manufacturing. We also discover that the reverse relationship is significant.
Aleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. Linkages between services and manufacturing as a new channel for GVC development: Evidence from CEE countries. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 2021, 58, 125 -137.
AMA StyleAleksandra Kordalska, Magdalena Olczyk. Linkages between services and manufacturing as a new channel for GVC development: Evidence from CEE countries. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics. 2021; 58 ():125-137.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. 2021. "Linkages between services and manufacturing as a new channel for GVC development: Evidence from CEE countries." Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 58, no. : 125-137.
Three decades after the fall of the Berlin wall and one and a half decades after the Big Bang enlargement of the European Union (2004-2007), we revisit contrasting narratives about the benefit of both free trade and the EU enlargement for Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. We distinguish old, pre-2004 EU countries from CEE countries that joined the EU in 2004-2007, as well as from the CEE countries that have not become part of the EU, in particular Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine. Our analysis looks at two temporal windows: one from 1991 – the demise of the Eastern European free trade zone (COMECON) – to today, and the second zooming on the period following the enlargement process of 2004-2007. Our analysis points to an unfavourable turn of events for CEE countries, which appear to have experienced significant losses in their process of rapid integration in the world and EU economies. We are comparing these events in Central and Eastern Europe with the patterns of de-industrialisation and migration that took place in Latin America after a similar free trade shock starting in the 1970s.
Marta Kuc‑Czarnecka; Andrea Saltelli; Magdalena Olczyk; Erik Reinert. The opening of Central and Eastern European countries to free trade: A critical assessment. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 2021, 58, 23 -34.
AMA StyleMarta Kuc‑Czarnecka, Andrea Saltelli, Magdalena Olczyk, Erik Reinert. The opening of Central and Eastern European countries to free trade: A critical assessment. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics. 2021; 58 ():23-34.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Kuc‑Czarnecka; Andrea Saltelli; Magdalena Olczyk; Erik Reinert. 2021. "The opening of Central and Eastern European countries to free trade: A critical assessment." Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 58, no. : 23-34.
Research background: High servitisation of manufacturing makes it impossible to separate services from manufactured goods properly, which implies difficulties in the assessment of the position of the country on the smile curve, i.e. in the proper assignment of products or services to one of the industrial process steps: pre-production, pure fabrication or post-production services. Therefore, we propose to use the business functions of industries identified with the aid of labour market data rather than the industrial classification of products in order to create a more appropriate measure of the position of countries in GVCs. Purpose of the article: We aim to identify and analyse the patterns of functional specialisation for eight Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) ? the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia ? both at the country and industry level. In addition, we analyse functional specialisation patterns for Germany, which serves as a reference country. Methods: To assess functional specialisation patterns, we employ the methodology proposed by Timmer et al. (2019a). It allows us to obtain functional specialisation indices for four different business functions ? management, R&D, marketing, and fabrication. To compute them, we combine two sources of data ? domestic value added from decomposed sectoral input-output tables (the World Input Output Database) and the Occupations Database built up by Timmer et al. (2019a). Findings & value added: Our research shows a very heterogeneous pattern in CEEC countries' position in GVCs by taking into account their functional specialisation at the countries and industries levels. Poland and Slovakia focus primarily on low value-added fabrication processes, the Baltic countries and Slovenia specialise in management services, Hungary and Latvia gain in marketing services, and the Czech Republic and Slovenia win in R&D activities. We indicate that some CEE countries (Poland, Slovakia) could be stuck in a functional trap, and our approach could be a valuable tool for assessing the process of coming out of it.
Aleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. New patterns in the position of CEE countries in global value chains: functional specialisation approach. Oeconomia Copernicana 2021, 12, 35 -52.
AMA StyleAleksandra Kordalska, Magdalena Olczyk. New patterns in the position of CEE countries in global value chains: functional specialisation approach. Oeconomia Copernicana. 2021; 12 (1):35-52.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. 2021. "New patterns in the position of CEE countries in global value chains: functional specialisation approach." Oeconomia Copernicana 12, no. 1: 35-52.
The term Big Data is becoming increasingly widespread throughout the world, and its use is no longer limited to the IT industry, quantitative scientific research, and entrepreneurship, but entered as well everyday media and conversations. The prevalence of Big Data is simply a result of its usefulness in searching, downloading, collecting and processing massive datasets. It is therefore not surprising that the number of scientific articles devoted to this issue is increasing. However, the vast majority of research papers deal with purely technical matters. Yet, large datasets coupled with complex analytical algorithms pose the risk of non-transparency, unfairness, e.g., racial or class bias, cherry-picking of data, or even intentional misleading of public opinion, including policymakers, for example by tampering with the electoral process in the context of ‘cyberwars’. Thus, this work implements a bibliometric analysis to investigate the development of ethical concerns in the field of Big Data. The investigation covers articles obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection Database (WoS) published between 1900 and July 2020. A sample size of 892 research papers was evaluated using HistCite and VOSviewer software. The results of this investigation shed light on the evolution of the junction of two concepts: ethics and Big Data. In particular, the study revealed the following array of findings: the topic is relatively poorly represented in the scientific literature with the relatively slow growth of interest. In addition, ethical issues in Big Data are discussed mainly in the field of health and technology.
Marta Kuc-Czarnecka; Magdalena Olczyk. How ethics combine with big data: a bibliometric analysis. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 2020, 7, 1 -9.
AMA StyleMarta Kuc-Czarnecka, Magdalena Olczyk. How ethics combine with big data: a bibliometric analysis. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 2020; 7 (1):1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Kuc-Czarnecka; Magdalena Olczyk. 2020. "How ethics combine with big data: a bibliometric analysis." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 7, no. 1: 1-9.
The objective of this study is to test empirically the relationship between structural changes (changes in gross value added and employment) and economic growth. We used a panel Granger-causality analysis based on annual data for eight transition countries, covering the period 1995–2011. The main finding is that the causality relations analysed are heterogeneous processes and are identified more often when we measure structural changes by value added than by changes in employment. Among the countries analysed, we separate a subgroup of economies with very strong bilateral causality (small countries such as Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia), a subgroup in which no causal relationships are observed (e.g., Hungary in the case of employment), and a group with a one-directional relationship (e.g., Poland, where GDP changes cause employment changes, but not vice versa). The research results point to the necessity of taking into account different relationships, whether one- or two-directional, between growth and structural changes in government economic policy. The paper presents a verifiable methodology, which was originally used to identify the analysed relationship in transition countries.
Magdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. GROWTH AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN TRANSITION COUNTRIES: THE CHICKEN OR THE EGG? Journal of Business Economics and Management 2018, 19, 544 -565.
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk, Aleksandra Kordalska. GROWTH AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN TRANSITION COUNTRIES: THE CHICKEN OR THE EGG? Journal of Business Economics and Management. 2018; 19 (3):544-565.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. 2018. "GROWTH AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN TRANSITION COUNTRIES: THE CHICKEN OR THE EGG?" Journal of Business Economics and Management 19, no. 3: 544-565.
Research background: A strong industrial base is essential for achieving long-term sustainable economic growth and export competitiveness. In that sense, manufacturing remains a significant contributor to exports in the CEE countries. How-ever, its role and its influence vary between CEE economies and change over time. Purpose of the article: The main objective of this paper is to compare the determinants of the international competitiveness, measured by the net exports of the manufacturing sectors in the Czech and Polish economies, by using the database of 13 manufacturing sub-sectors in 1995-2011. The authors research the question of how much foreign and domestic demand, the level of labour costs, the level of sector innovation intensity, the level of sector openness to foreign markets as well as sectoral labour productivity influence the changes in trade balance. Methods: Our approach is based on employing an error correction model and SUR model to disaggregated sectoral manufacturing data. Findings & Value added: The results of the analysis conducted show substantial differences in the roles particular variables play in explaining the net exports in individual sectors. For the majority of Polish and Czech manufacturing sub-sectors, generation of positive trade balance is determined by relative demand growth. An increasing labour productivity influences heavily a positive trade balance of Polish goods in majority of sub-sectors, however, a key factor in Czech sub-sectors is decreasing unit labour costs. The results of the analysis indicate mostly a greater impact of the researched factors on net exports in long rather than short term and the better capacity of the Czech economy to correct deviations from the equilibrium.
Magdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. Determinants of trade balance in Polish and Czech manufacturing sectors. Equilibrium 2018, 13, 445 -466.
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk, Aleksandra Kordalska. Determinants of trade balance in Polish and Czech manufacturing sectors. Equilibrium. 2018; 13 (3):445-466.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. 2018. "Determinants of trade balance in Polish and Czech manufacturing sectors." Equilibrium 13, no. 3: 445-466.
This article assesses the impact of the determinants of service exports in both value-added terms and gross terms for seven Central Eastern European economies in 1995–2011. The results confirm the importance of increasing labor productivity and highly skilled and medium-skilled workers in the growth of trade in services. Exports of services are also supported by linkages between domestic services, especially business services, and the manufacturing sector. The results show that the impacts of the determinants are fairly similar when exports are measured in value-added or gross terms; however, the strength of the impact differs across the countries analyzed.
Aleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. CEE Trade in Services: Value-Added Versus Gross Terms Approaches. Eastern European Economics 2018, 56, 269 -291.
AMA StyleAleksandra Kordalska, Magdalena Olczyk. CEE Trade in Services: Value-Added Versus Gross Terms Approaches. Eastern European Economics. 2018; 56 (4):269-291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. 2018. "CEE Trade in Services: Value-Added Versus Gross Terms Approaches." Eastern European Economics 56, no. 4: 269-291.
Magdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. International Competitiveness of Czech Manufacturing - A Sectoral Approach with Error Correction Model. Prague Economic Papers 2017, 26, 213 -226.
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk, Aleksandra Kordalska. International Competitiveness of Czech Manufacturing - A Sectoral Approach with Error Correction Model. Prague Economic Papers. 2017; 26 (2):213-226.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. 2017. "International Competitiveness of Czech Manufacturing - A Sectoral Approach with Error Correction Model." Prague Economic Papers 26, no. 2: 213-226.
Growth model in CEE countries has based on a massive inflow of direct foreign investments, especially in manufacturing, from the onset of the transformation. This resulted in a substantial share of manufacturing goods in total exports and a high ranking position of some CEE countries among the most industrialized economies in the world. The main objective of this paper is to compare the determinants of the international competitiveness, measured by the net exports of the manufacturing sectors in the Czech and Polish economies, by using the database of 13 manufacturing sub-sectors in 1995-2011. The authors research the question of how much foreign and domestic demand, the level of labour costs, the level of sector innovation intensity, the level of sector openness to foreign markets as well as sectoral labour productivity influence the changes in trade balance. Our approach is based on employing an error correction model and SURE model to disaggregated sectoral manufacturing data. The results of the analysis conducted show substantial differences in the roles particular variables play in explaining the net exports in individual sectors. For the majority of Polish and Czech manufacturing sub-sectors, generation of positive trade balance is determined by relative demand growth. An increasing labour productivity influences heavily a positive trade balance of Polish goods in majority of sub-sectors, however, a key factor in Czech sub-sectors is decreasing unit labour costs. The results of the analysis indicate mostly a greater impact of the researched factors on net exports in long rather than short term and the better capacity of the Czech economy to correct deviations from the equilibrium.
Magdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. Determinants of Net Exports in Polish and Czech Manufacturing: A Sectoral Approach with Error Correction Model. 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk, Aleksandra Kordalska. Determinants of Net Exports in Polish and Czech Manufacturing: A Sectoral Approach with Error Correction Model. . 2017; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. 2017. "Determinants of Net Exports in Polish and Czech Manufacturing: A Sectoral Approach with Error Correction Model." , no. : 1.
The main aim of paper is to identify the growth pattern in the international competitiveness literature, its core publications and key research domains on the basis of bibliometric data from the years 1945–2015. Citation data is collected from the ISI Web of Science Website, Scopus and Google Scholar, and analysed using HistCite, Pajek and VOSviewer software. Bibliometric indicators, network citation, key-route path methods and term co-occurrence methods are used. The results show that the theory of international competitiveness starts not from neoclassical theories of international trade, but from models of competition, even though competitiveness is mostly measured using trade/export performance. Krugman’s work on imperfect competitive markets and increasing returns of scale plays a most important role in knowledge diffusion on international competitiveness. The scientific development of analyzed concept is connected with six topics: trade performance, technology, liberalization, environmental regulations, location and productivity. These results give us a background for conducting practical analyses of international competitiveness, especially ones using synthetic indices.
Magdalena Olczyk. BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH TO TRACKING THE CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS. Journal of Business Economics and Management 2016, 17, 945 -959.
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk. BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH TO TRACKING THE CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS. Journal of Business Economics and Management. 2016; 17 (6):945-959.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk. 2016. "BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH TO TRACKING THE CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 17, no. 6: 945-959.
This article assesses the impact of selected determinants on both value-added exports and gross exports for seven CEE economies, based on thirteen manufacturing subsectors for the years 1995–2011. The results show a decrease in domestic value-added, especially in high-tech industries. The impact of the determinants, except for vertical specialization, is similar for exports in value-added and in gross terms. The results indicate that labor productivity and highly skilled employees have a greater impact on generating domestic value-added. CEE countries do not achieve comparative advantages of a capital-intensive nature. Manufacturing does not serve a “carrier function” for services.
Magdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. Gross Exports Versus Value-Added Exports: Determinants and Policy Implications for Manufacturing Sectors in Selected CEE Countries. Eastern European Economics 2016, 55, 91 -109.
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk, Aleksandra Kordalska. Gross Exports Versus Value-Added Exports: Determinants and Policy Implications for Manufacturing Sectors in Selected CEE Countries. Eastern European Economics. 2016; 55 (1):91-109.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk; Aleksandra Kordalska. 2016. "Gross Exports Versus Value-Added Exports: Determinants and Policy Implications for Manufacturing Sectors in Selected CEE Countries." Eastern European Economics 55, no. 1: 91-109.
Over the last three decades there has been growing interest in international competitiveness research. However, as evidenced by the academic literature, there is a lack of systematic chronological studies synthesizing how this field has evolved over time. The main aim of this paper is to consolidate the state of the art of academic research on international competitiveness in the discipline of economics by using a new method: a bibliometric study of the economics literature published over the past 70 years. Citation data is collected from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar, and it is analysed using HistCite, Pajek and VOSviewer software. Using bibliometric indicators, network citation analysis, key-routes main path methodology and term co-occurrence analysis, it investigates the growth pattern of the international competitiveness literature, identifies the core journals and authors, the main paths of knowledge diffusion and the key research domains in the international competitiveness literature. The results of the analysis show that studies on international competitiveness have been and still are important and popular in economics. International competitiveness concepts come from models of competition and are not strongly connected with classical theories of international trade. Publications by Krugman, Fagerber and Balassa have made the greatest contributions to the development of international competitiveness studies, but only Krugman’s works have been significant in terms of knowledge diffusion. International competitiveness mostly refers to international trade/export performance and to the impacts of cost, price, exchange rates, income and FDI. However, in the last decade the relationships between trade flows and technology, liberalization processes, environmental regulations, location, education/human capital and productivity have become key topics in international competitiveness studies.
Magdalena Olczyk. A systematic retrieval of international competitiveness literature: a bibliometric study. Eurasian Economic Review 2016, 6, 429 -457.
AMA StyleMagdalena Olczyk. A systematic retrieval of international competitiveness literature: a bibliometric study. Eurasian Economic Review. 2016; 6 (3):429-457.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Olczyk. 2016. "A systematic retrieval of international competitiveness literature: a bibliometric study." Eurasian Economic Review 6, no. 3: 429-457.
The Global Competitiveness Index is treated as a standard to measure the competitiveness of countries. Leaders look at it to make policy and resource allocation decisions because global competitiveness is expected to be related to economic growth. However, studies which analyze the empirical relationship between these two economic categories are very rare. It is still an open question in the literature whether economic growth can be used to predict future global competitiveness or the other way round. This paper empirically tests the relationship between the GCI and the economic growth rate by using a panel Granger causality analysis based on annual data for 114 countries divided into five groups by income criteria and covering the period 2006-2014. We confirm a strong unidirectional causality among the countries analyzed, i.e. GDP growth causes global competitiveness. Additionally, we find that the GCI is not successful in predicting economic growth for the majority of the 114 counties, with the exception of few large economies such as China, India, the United States and Russia.
Aleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth: A One-Way or Two-Way Relationship? 2015, 1 .
AMA StyleAleksandra Kordalska, Magdalena Olczyk. Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth: A One-Way or Two-Way Relationship? . 2015; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandra Kordalska; Magdalena Olczyk. 2015. "Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth: A One-Way or Two-Way Relationship?" , no. : 1.