Widening of the pubic joint of more than 10 mm is diagnostic and defined as pubic symphysis diastasis and is considered a complication of vaginal childbirth or pregnancy. As it is a rare pathology (ranging from 1 in 300 to 1 in 30000 pregnancies), no gold standard treatment has been defined. This study examines two cases, a 27-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 1) and a 32-year-old woman (gravida 2, para 2), who presented to the clinic after uneventful vaginal deliveries. A normal pregnancy with no complications was observed in both patients. Severe pain in the pubic region occurred after labour and was accompanied by complicated locomotion. Pubic symphysis diastasis was confirmed radiologically and bed rest with lateral decubitus positioning was recommended. Oral non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs were administered to relieve pain exacerbations. The symptoms decreased after treatment. Post-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the first case showed a reduction in symphyseal separation with no signs of osteitis. Three years later the symptoms recurred; MRI examination showed no further symphyseal widening or signs of osteitis. A relapse of symphyseal separation was diagnosed and conservative treatment was re-administered resulting in successful recovery. In the second case, pain recurred when the patient conceived for the second time. This time no benefit following conservative treatment was observed. Persistent pain and complicated locomotion led to scoliotic deformation of the lumbar part of the spine and leg length discrepancy, thus surgical treatment was chosen and internal pubic synthesis was performed. Overall, surgical treatment resulting from insufficient conservative treatment showed a high risk of postoperative complications following the treatment of postpartum pubic symphysis diastasis.

Background and objectives: Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), which has been introduced clinically since 2011, uses the circulating cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal blood to evaluate the risk of a chromosomal anomaly. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of NIPT using a single nucleotide polymorphism method. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 2013 and 2019. The Natera Panorama test was used to analyze the risk of trisomies 21, 18, 13, X monosomy, trisomy, and other sex chromosome abnormalities. A positive result of NIPT for aneuploidy was confirmed by invasive testing. Results: 850 women with a singleton pregnancy participated in the study. The median fetal fraction was 9.0%. The fetal fraction was lower in the no-call group (3.1%) compared with the group that received a call (9.1%) (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was determined between the gestational age and the fetal fraction (r = 0.180, p < 0.001). The overall positive predictive value (PPV) of NIPT for trisomy 21 (n = 9), trisomy 18 (n = 3) and XYY syndrome (n = 1) was 100%. Conclusions: The results of present study showed 100% PPV effectiveness of NIPT Panorama test detecting trisomies of 21 and 18 chromosomes, as well as XYY syndrome in the studied cohort. Therefore, NIPT due to its high PPV, significantly reduces the need for invasive testing, thereby reducing the risk of miscarriage and stillbirth.

Background. The aim of this article is to present a rare clinical case of vasa praevia as well as to assess the relevance of the problem by reviewing the latest literature sources. Materials and methods. In this report we present a case of a 33-yearold woman diagnosed with vasa praevia at 33 weeks of pregnancy, after hospitalisation with preterm rupture of membranes following the delivery of a live healthy baby through a lower segment Caesarean section during 33rd week of gestation at Vilnius University Hospital Santariškių Clinics. We investigated all the documentation of the patient before and after delivery. Results and conclusions. Vasa praevia is a rather rare pathology which is likely to occur during pregnancy, may result in heavy bleeding and be particularly threatening to the fetus life. A timely diagnosis for these women is essential. The gold standard for vasa praevia diagnosis is the fetal ultrasound scan. Vasa praevia pathology is found during the routine second trimester ultrasound check-up. The selection of proper tactics applied during pregnancy care is essential. At the gestational age of 28–32, it is advisable to mature fetal lungs as well as the fetus condition should be investigated by a perinatologist. The mode of delivery is the C-section which tends to reduce the frequency of possible complications.

Background and Objectives: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is the term used to describe a fetus whose estimated weight is less than the 10th percentile of its age growth curve. IUGR is the second most common cause of perinatal death. In many cases there is a deficiency in the standardization of optimal management, prenatal follow-up and timing of delivery. Doppler examination is the most sensitive test that can assess the condition of the fetus and indicate fetal intrauterine hypoxia. Numerous studies of the fetal intrauterine state focus on the umbilical artery and the fetal cerebral blood vessels, while the peripheral arteries have so far received insufficient attention. Materials and Methods: We present a case of an IUGR fetus monitored with a non-stress test (NST) and a Doppler examination of the fetal arteries (tibial, umbilical, middle cerebral and uterine) and the ductus venosus. In this case the first early sign of fetal hypoxia was revealed by blood flow changes in the tibial artery. Results: We hypothesize that peripheral vascular changes (in the tibial artery) may more accurately reflect the onset of deterioration in the condition of the IUGR fetus, such that peripheral blood flow monitoring ought to be employed along with other techniques already in use. Conclusion: This paper describes the clinical presentation of an early detection of late IUGR hypoxia and claims that blood flow changes in the tibial artery signal the worsening of the fetus’s condition.

Didelės rizikos nėščiųjų vaisiaus blauzdos arterijos doplerometrijos tyrimo reikšmė vaisiaus būklės ir perinatalinių baigčių vertinimui diagnozavus vaisiaus augimo sulėtėjimą ir jo nediagnozavus