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Min-Hang Weng
School of Information Engineering, Putian University, Putian 351100, China

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Journal article
Published: 26 February 2021 in Sustainability
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The fifth-generation (5G) network has special communication and security requirements including high reliability, low latency, precise automatic control, secure covert transmission, and evidence traceability. The 5G network combined with blockchain technology just meets this demand, so it is driving a rapidly growing volume of patent applications. This study proposes application scenarios, architecture diagrams, and patent analysis methods for blockchain-based 5G network technologies, beginning with a network architecture using mobile edge computing (MEC) and blockchain as independent platform components to solve MEC load pressure. In the patent analysis, a patent cluster map of blockchain-based 5G networks is proposed to analyze the intersection of technical application fields. The bottleneck period of technological development is presented for leading countries and enterprises in the technological development of blockchain-based 5G network, highlighting relative advantages and disadvantages. Specifically, to extract the core international patent classification (IPC) key technologies and their mutual interrelatedness, we use network topology analysis to establish an IPC network topology diagram through node global and local topology characteristics, thus revealing hotspots of IPC technology research and the characteristics of the technology relationship system. The findings provide a very useful reference for the formulation of government strategy to assist in the implementation and development of blockchain-based 5G network technologies for future smart cities.

ACS Style

Fei Gao; De-Li Chen; Min-Hang Weng; Ru-Yuan Yang. Revealing Development Trends in Blockchain-Based 5G Network Technologies through Patent Analysis. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2548 .

AMA Style

Fei Gao, De-Li Chen, Min-Hang Weng, Ru-Yuan Yang. Revealing Development Trends in Blockchain-Based 5G Network Technologies through Patent Analysis. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2548.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fei Gao; De-Li Chen; Min-Hang Weng; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2021. "Revealing Development Trends in Blockchain-Based 5G Network Technologies through Patent Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2548.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2021 in Electronics
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In this paper, we present a dual-band microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) with an improved stopband, which was constructed by a quad-mode stub-loaded resonator (SLR). Since the SLR is able to produce multiresonance within a single unit, the area saving is significant. The proposed quad-mode SLR was implemented by two stubs allocated at symmetry places, thus the even-/odd-mode can be applied to analysis the resonance. Moreover, to shift the spurious passband, the step impedance structure was applied to shift the harmonic resonance to the higher frequency. Design procedure for high performance dual-band BPF is proposed, and filter examples were designed for wireless local area network (WLAN) of 2.4/5.2 GHz. The measured insertion losses, return losses and fractional bandwidths (FBW) are 1.43 dB, 10 dB, and 14.8% at 2.4 GHz and 1.34 dB, 10 dB, and 12.9% at 5.2 GHz. Moreover, by applying two quarter-wavelength stubs on the input/output ports, the passband selectivity with an isolation of 40 dB can be achieved. The simulation and measurement have a close match, verifying the design concept.

ACS Style

Min-Hang Weng; Chun-Yueh Huang; Shi-Wei Dai; Ru-Yuan Yang. An Improved Stopband Dual-Band Filter Using Quad-Mode Stub-Loaded Resonators. Electronics 2021, 10, 142 .

AMA Style

Min-Hang Weng, Chun-Yueh Huang, Shi-Wei Dai, Ru-Yuan Yang. An Improved Stopband Dual-Band Filter Using Quad-Mode Stub-Loaded Resonators. Electronics. 2021; 10 (2):142.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min-Hang Weng; Chun-Yueh Huang; Shi-Wei Dai; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2021. "An Improved Stopband Dual-Band Filter Using Quad-Mode Stub-Loaded Resonators." Electronics 10, no. 2: 142.

Journal article
Published: 30 December 2020 in Electronics
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This paper presents a miniaturized bandpass filter, which uses half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) structure with embedded step impedance structure (SIS). By embedding the stepped impedance structure into the top metal of the waveguide cavity, the center frequency can be quickly shifted to a lower frequency. The operating center frequency of the proposed bandpass filter (BPF) using HMSIW resonators with embedded SIS is tunable as functions of the parameters of the SIS. The design curve is provided. A filter example of the center frequency of the filter at 3.5 GHz is fabricated and measured, having the insertion loss |S21| less than 3 dB, and the return loss |S11| greater than 10 dB. The transmission zeros are located at 2.95 GHz and 3.95 GHz on both sides of the passband, both of which are lower than 30 dB. The simulation result and the measured response conform to the proposed design concept. The proposed HMSIW filter design is in line with the current 5G communication trend.

ACS Style

Min-Hang Weng; Chin-Yi Tsai; De-Li Chen; Yi-Chun Chung; Ru-Yuan Yang. A Bandpass Filter Using Half Mode SIW Structure with Step Impedance Resonator. Electronics 2020, 10, 51 .

AMA Style

Min-Hang Weng, Chin-Yi Tsai, De-Li Chen, Yi-Chun Chung, Ru-Yuan Yang. A Bandpass Filter Using Half Mode SIW Structure with Step Impedance Resonator. Electronics. 2020; 10 (1):51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min-Hang Weng; Chin-Yi Tsai; De-Li Chen; Yi-Chun Chung; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2020. "A Bandpass Filter Using Half Mode SIW Structure with Step Impedance Resonator." Electronics 10, no. 1: 51.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Materials
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This paper reports the improvement of microstructural and hardness properties of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP) ceramics with nano TiO2 powders (with 0, 0.9, 1.8, and 2.7 wt%) added using a low-temperature microwave-assisted sintering of 1250 °C. Even at such a low sintering temperature, all sintered samples had the main phase of tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) without the appearance of the secondary monoclinic phase or TiO2 phase, and had high relative densities, larger than 95%. The grain growth was well developed, and the grain sizes were around 300–600 nm. The Ti and O elements appeared at the grain and grain boundary and increased with the increased nano TiO2 contents identified by the element analysis, although the TiO2 phase did not appear in the X-ray pattern. The Vickers hardness was in the range of 10.5 to 14.5 GPa, which first increased with increasing content till 0.9 wt% and then decreased. With citric acid corrosion treatment for 10 h, the Vickers hardness only decreased from 14.34 GPa to 13.55 GPa with the addition of 0.9 wt% nano TiO2 powder. The experiment results showed that 0.9 wt% nano TiO2 addition can improve the densification as well as the Vickers hardness under a low temperature of microwave-assisted sintering.

ACS Style

Min-Hang Weng; Cheng-Xun Lin; Cian-Song Huang; Chin-Yi Tsai; Ru-Yuan Yang. Improved Microstructure and Hardness Properties of Low-Temperature Microwave-Sintered Y2O3 Stabilized ZrO2 Ceramics with Additions of Nano TiO2 Powders. Materials 2020, 13, 1546 .

AMA Style

Min-Hang Weng, Cheng-Xun Lin, Cian-Song Huang, Chin-Yi Tsai, Ru-Yuan Yang. Improved Microstructure and Hardness Properties of Low-Temperature Microwave-Sintered Y2O3 Stabilized ZrO2 Ceramics with Additions of Nano TiO2 Powders. Materials. 2020; 13 (7):1546.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min-Hang Weng; Cheng-Xun Lin; Cian-Song Huang; Chin-Yi Tsai; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2020. "Improved Microstructure and Hardness Properties of Low-Temperature Microwave-Sintered Y2O3 Stabilized ZrO2 Ceramics with Additions of Nano TiO2 Powders." Materials 13, no. 7: 1546.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2020 in Sustainability
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Recently, the application of blockchain to the setting, management, and trading of the energy system has formed an innovative technology and has attracted a lot of attention from industry, academia, and research. In this study, we use patent analysis technology to explore the development trends of the energy system with blockchain technology. During the patent analysis process, this study makes corresponding analysis charts, such as patent application numbers over time, patent application numbers for main leading countries, applicants, patent citations, international patent classification (IPC), and life cycle. Relative research and design (R&D) capability of the top ten applicants is estimated and the cluster map of the technology is obtained. The technical features of the top five IPC patent applications are related to the cluster map to show the development of energy blockchain technology. Through this paper, first, the basics of the blockchain and patent analysis are illustrated and, moreover, the reason why and how blockchain technology can be combined with the energy system is also briefly described and analyzed. The results of the patent analysis of energy blockchain technology indicate that the United States leads the way, accounting for more than half of the global total. It is also interesting to note that the participants are not from traditional specific fields, but included electric power manufacturers, computer software companies, e-commerce companies, and even many new companies devoted to blockchain technology. Walmart Apollo, LLC and International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) have the highest number of patent applications. However, Walmart Apollo, LLC ranks first with a greater number of inventors of 36, an activity year of 2 years, and a relative R&D capability of 100%. IBM ranks second with an activity year of 3 years and a research and development capability of 91%. Among various applicants, IBM and LO3 energy started earlier in this field, and their patent output is also more prominent. The IPC is mainly concentrated in G06Q 50/06, which belongs to the technical field of the setting and management of the energy system including electricity, gas, or water supply. Currently, most projects are in the early development stages, and research on key areas is still ongoing to improve the required scalability, decentralization, and security. Thus, energy blockchain technology is still in the growth period, and there is still considerable room for development of the patent in the later period. Moreover, it is suggested that the novel communication module such as the combination of the consortium blockchain and the private blockchain cold also provide their own advantages to achieve the purpose of improving system performance and efficiency.

ACS Style

Lin-Yun Huang; Jian-Feng Cai; Tien-Chen Lee; Min-Hang Weng. A Study on the Development Trends of the Energy System with Blockchain Technology Using Patent Analysis. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2005 .

AMA Style

Lin-Yun Huang, Jian-Feng Cai, Tien-Chen Lee, Min-Hang Weng. A Study on the Development Trends of the Energy System with Blockchain Technology Using Patent Analysis. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (5):2005.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lin-Yun Huang; Jian-Feng Cai; Tien-Chen Lee; Min-Hang Weng. 2020. "A Study on the Development Trends of the Energy System with Blockchain Technology Using Patent Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 5: 2005.

Journal article
Published: 30 January 2020 in IEEE Access
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At present, the rate control algorithm for multiview high-efficiency video coding (MV-HEVC) does not have the capability of efficient coding tree unit(CTU) layer bit allocation, and the video quality varies greatly for sequences with sudden scene changes or large motions. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a rate control algorithm for MV-HEVC based on scene detection. Firstly, we established ρ domain rate control model based on multi-objective optimization. Then, it uses image similarity to make reasonable bit allocation among viewpoints. If the video scene is switched, the image similarity is recalculated, and then the correlation between the weights of the interview point rates and the correlation between the viewpoints are analyzed. Finally, the frame layer rate control considers the layer B-frame and other factors in allocating the code rate, and the basic unit layer rate control adopts different quantization methods according to the content complexity of the CTU. Experimental results show that the proposed rate control algorithm can maintain good coding efficiency and decrease the average video quality variation by 25.29%.

ACS Style

Tao Yan; In-Ho Ra; Hui Wen; Min-Hang Weng; Qian Zhang; Yan Che. CTU Layer Rate Control Algorithm in Scene Change Video for Free-Viewpoint Video. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 24549 -24560.

AMA Style

Tao Yan, In-Ho Ra, Hui Wen, Min-Hang Weng, Qian Zhang, Yan Che. CTU Layer Rate Control Algorithm in Scene Change Video for Free-Viewpoint Video. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):24549-24560.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Yan; In-Ho Ra; Hui Wen; Min-Hang Weng; Qian Zhang; Yan Che. 2020. "CTU Layer Rate Control Algorithm in Scene Change Video for Free-Viewpoint Video." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 24549-24560.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2020 in Electronics
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In this paper, we develop a bandpass filter using a stub-loaded stepped impedance resonator (SLSIR) and calculate the even and odd resonant modes of this type of resonator using the input impedance/admittance analysis. In this study, two impedance ratios and two length ratios are operated as the design parameters for controlling the resonant modes of the SLSIR. Several resonant mode variation curves operating three resonant modes with different impedance ratios and two length ratios are developed. By tuning the desired impedance ratios and length ratios of the SLSIRs, compact ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filters (BPFs) can be achieved. Two examples of the UWB BPFs are designed in this study. The first example is UWB filter with a wide stopband and the second one is dual UWB BPF, namely, with UWB performance and a notch band. The first filter is designed for a UWB response from 3.1 to 5.26 GHz having a stopband from 5.3 to 11 GHz, with an attenuation level better than 18 dB. The second filter example is a dual UWB BPF with the frequency range from 3.1 to 5 GHz and 6 to 10.1 GHz using two sets of the proposed SLSIR. The measured results have insertion loss of less than 1 dB, and return loss greater than 10 dB. Furthermore, the coupling structures and open stub of the SLSIR also provide several transmission zeros at the skirt of the passbands for improving the passband selectivity.

ACS Style

Min-Hang Weng; Fu-Zhong Zheng; Hong-Zheng Lai; Shih-Kun Liu. Compact Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filters Achieved by Using a Stub-Loaded Stepped Impedance Resonator. Electronics 2020, 9, 209 .

AMA Style

Min-Hang Weng, Fu-Zhong Zheng, Hong-Zheng Lai, Shih-Kun Liu. Compact Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filters Achieved by Using a Stub-Loaded Stepped Impedance Resonator. Electronics. 2020; 9 (2):209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min-Hang Weng; Fu-Zhong Zheng; Hong-Zheng Lai; Shih-Kun Liu. 2020. "Compact Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filters Achieved by Using a Stub-Loaded Stepped Impedance Resonator." Electronics 9, no. 2: 209.

Journal article
Published: 17 January 2020 in Electronics
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In this paper, a stub-loaded square ring resonator (SLSRR) is analyzed and applied to design a very simple and compact wideband bandpass filter structure. Resonant modes dependent on the structure parameters of the SLSRR are analyzed first, and then the first two modes are used to achieve a required passband. The input and output terminals are supplied with high impedance and strong coupling to provide sufficient coupling energy. Two wideband filter examples are designed, manufactured, and measured using the SLSRRs. The first filter is a wideband filter with a wide upper stopband, and the second filter is a dual wideband filter with a notched stopband between two passbands. The two filter examples are designed, fabricated, and measured to verify the design concept and present the advantages of easy design and a simple and compact structure.

ACS Style

Ping Zhang; Liqin Liu; Deli Chen; Min-Hang Weng; Ru-Yuan Yang. Application of a Stub-Loaded Square Ring Resonator for Wideband Bandpass Filter Design. Electronics 2020, 9, 176 .

AMA Style

Ping Zhang, Liqin Liu, Deli Chen, Min-Hang Weng, Ru-Yuan Yang. Application of a Stub-Loaded Square Ring Resonator for Wideband Bandpass Filter Design. Electronics. 2020; 9 (1):176.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ping Zhang; Liqin Liu; Deli Chen; Min-Hang Weng; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2020. "Application of a Stub-Loaded Square Ring Resonator for Wideband Bandpass Filter Design." Electronics 9, no. 1: 176.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2019 in Materials
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The effect of CuO/B2O3 additions on the sintering behaviors, microstructures, and microwave dielectric properties of 0.95LaAlO3–0.05CaTiO3 ceramics is investigated. It is found that the sintering temperatures are lowered efficiently from 1600 °C to 1350 °C, as 1 wt % CuO, 1 wt % B2O3, and 0.5 wt % CuO +0.5 wt % B2O3 are used as the sintering aids due to the appearance of the liquid phase sintering. The microwave dielectric properties of 0.95LaAlO3–0.05CaTiO3 ceramics with the sintering aid additions are strongly related to the densification and the microstructure of the sintered ceramics. At the sintering temperature of 1300 °C, the 0.95LaAlO3–0.05CaTiO3 ceramic with 0.5 wt % CuO + 0.5 wt % B2O3 addition shows the best dielectric properties, including a dielectric constant (εr) of 21, approximate quality factor (Q × f) of 22,500 GHz, and a temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency (τf) of −3 ppm/°C.

ACS Style

Min-Hang Weng; Chihng-Tsung Liauh; Shueei-Muh Lin; Hung-Hsiang Wang; Ru-Yuan Yang. Sintering Behaviors, Microstructure, and Microwave Dielectric Properties of CaTiO3–LaAlO3 Ceramics Using CuO/B2O3 Additions. Materials 2019, 12, 4187 .

AMA Style

Min-Hang Weng, Chihng-Tsung Liauh, Shueei-Muh Lin, Hung-Hsiang Wang, Ru-Yuan Yang. Sintering Behaviors, Microstructure, and Microwave Dielectric Properties of CaTiO3–LaAlO3 Ceramics Using CuO/B2O3 Additions. Materials. 2019; 12 (24):4187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min-Hang Weng; Chihng-Tsung Liauh; Shueei-Muh Lin; Hung-Hsiang Wang; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2019. "Sintering Behaviors, Microstructure, and Microwave Dielectric Properties of CaTiO3–LaAlO3 Ceramics Using CuO/B2O3 Additions." Materials 12, no. 24: 4187.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2019 in Electronics
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In this paper, we present a simple method to design a miniaturized wideband bandpass filter with suppression of the third harmonic, using only two quarter-wavelength stepped-impedance resonators (SIRs). The resonant modes of the quarter-wavelength SIR, depending on the impedance ratio (K) and electrical length ratio (α), are discussed first. As to setting the resonant frequency of the SIR for the lower band edge of the required band, the size parameters of two quarter-wavelength SIRs can be determined by selecting the desired impedance ratio (K) and length ratio (α). By using the opposite directional arrangement of two SIRs with direct taped input/output ports, the wideband response can be formed. A filter example is shown in this study to address this simple design procedure. The measured results of the fabricated filter have a wide passband response from 3.3 to 5.8 GHz, with an insertion loss of 1.5 dB, a return loss of 20 dB, an extended bandwidth ration of 55%, a low-average group delay of less than 0.75 ns, and a stopband from 6 to 12 GHz, with an attenuation level of 20 dB. Due to the similar 0° feeding, a transmission zero at 8.3 GHz appears near the band edge; thus, improving the band selectivity. The proposed filter can have a very simple structure and a miniature size. Simulated results and measured results are in good agreement.

ACS Style

Liqin Liu; Ping Zhang; Min-Hang Weng; Chin-Yi Tsai; Ru-Yuan Yang. A Miniaturized Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Quarter-Wavelength Stepped-Impedance Resonators. Electronics 2019, 8, 1540 .

AMA Style

Liqin Liu, Ping Zhang, Min-Hang Weng, Chin-Yi Tsai, Ru-Yuan Yang. A Miniaturized Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Quarter-Wavelength Stepped-Impedance Resonators. Electronics. 2019; 8 (12):1540.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liqin Liu; Ping Zhang; Min-Hang Weng; Chin-Yi Tsai; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2019. "A Miniaturized Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Quarter-Wavelength Stepped-Impedance Resonators." Electronics 8, no. 12: 1540.

Journal article
Published: 08 November 2019 in Electronics
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This paper presents an ultra-wideband bandpass filter (UWB-BPF) with a notch band and a wide upper stopband. Two pairs of half-wavelength high-impedance line resonators tightly and strongly coupled to the input/output lines are used to provide the wideband responses. The first UWB responses of 3.4–5.0 GHz and the second UWB of 6.0–10.0 GHz are designed independently first and then combined together for the application of a direct-sequence ultra-wideband bandpass (DS-UWB) system. Without using any extra bandstop structure, a notch band at 5.2 GHz can be obtained. The fabricated UWB-BPF with a compact circuit size exhibits good passband performances including insertion losses of 1 ± 0.3 and 2 ± 0.4 dB for first and second passbands, respectively, a high isolation at 5.2 GHz with an attenuation level of 22.7 dB, and wide upper stopband responses from 11 GHz to 19 GHz, simultaneously. The measured results also exhibit good agreement with the simulated results.

ACS Style

Min-Hang Weng; Che-Wei Hsu; Siang-Wen Lan; Ru-Yuan Yang. An Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter with a Notch Band and Wide Upper Bandstop Performances. Electronics 2019, 8, 1316 .

AMA Style

Min-Hang Weng, Che-Wei Hsu, Siang-Wen Lan, Ru-Yuan Yang. An Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter with a Notch Band and Wide Upper Bandstop Performances. Electronics. 2019; 8 (11):1316.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min-Hang Weng; Che-Wei Hsu; Siang-Wen Lan; Ru-Yuan Yang. 2019. "An Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter with a Notch Band and Wide Upper Bandstop Performances." Electronics 8, no. 11: 1316.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2016 in Materials
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In this paper, the oil-in-gelatin based tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) doped with carbon based materials including carbon nanotube, graphene ink or lignin were prepared. The volume percent for gelatin based mixtures and oil based mixtures were both around 50%, and the doping amounts were 2 wt %, 4 wt %, and 6 wt %. The effect of doping material and amount on the microwave dielectric properties including dielectric constant and conductivity were investigated over an ultra-wide frequency range from 2 GHz to 20 GHz. The coaxial open-ended reflection technology was used to evaluate the microwave dielectric properties. Six measured values in different locations of each sample were averaged and the standard deviations of all the measured dielectric properties, including dielectric constant and conductivity, were less than one, indicating a good uniformity of the prepared samples. Without doping, the dielectric constant was equal to 23 ± 2 approximately. Results showed with doping of carbon based materials that the dielectric constant and conductivity both increased about 5% to 20%, and the increment was dependent on the doping amount. By proper selection of doping amount of the carbon based materials, the prepared material could map the required dielectric properties of special tissues. The proposed materials were suitable for the phantom used in the microwave medical imaging system.

ACS Style

Siang-Wen Lan; Min-Hang Weng; Ru-Yuan Yang; Shoou-Jinn Chang; Yaoh-Sien Chung; Tsung-Chih Yu; Chun-Sen Wu. Preparation of a Carbon Doped Tissue-Mimicking Material with High Dielectric Properties for Microwave Imaging Application. Materials 2016, 9, 559 .

AMA Style

Siang-Wen Lan, Min-Hang Weng, Ru-Yuan Yang, Shoou-Jinn Chang, Yaoh-Sien Chung, Tsung-Chih Yu, Chun-Sen Wu. Preparation of a Carbon Doped Tissue-Mimicking Material with High Dielectric Properties for Microwave Imaging Application. Materials. 2016; 9 (7):559.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siang-Wen Lan; Min-Hang Weng; Ru-Yuan Yang; Shoou-Jinn Chang; Yaoh-Sien Chung; Tsung-Chih Yu; Chun-Sen Wu. 2016. "Preparation of a Carbon Doped Tissue-Mimicking Material with High Dielectric Properties for Microwave Imaging Application." Materials 9, no. 7: 559.