Soil acidity is a major problem when it comes to improving crop productivity and nutrient uptake. This experiment was therefore conducted at a farmer’s field—Nalitabari Upazila under AEZ 22 (northern and eastern Piedmont plains) to evaluate the effects of lime and organic manure (OM) amendment on crop productivity and nutrient uptake of the wheat–mungbean–T. Aman cropping pattern in acidic soils of northern and eastern Piedmont plains. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. There were nine treatments applied, varying doses of lime (dololime at the rate of 1 and 2 t ha⁻¹), OM (cow dung at the rate of 5 t ha⁻¹, poultry manure at the rate of 3 t ha⁻¹) and a lime–OM combination to the first crop; T. Aman and its residual effects were evaluated in the succeeding second crop, wheat, and the third crop, mungbean. Results demonstrate that application of lime and organic manure to soil had significant effects on the first crop. However, the effects of lime and organic manure were more pronounced in the second and third crops. The increase in grain yield over control ranged from 0.24 to 13.44% in BINA dhan7. However, it varied from 10.14 to 54.38% in BARI Gom30 and 40 to 161.67% in BARI Mung6. The straw yields of the crops also followed a similar trend. The N, P, K, and S uptake by grain and straw of T. Aman, wheat, and mungbean were influenced significantly by the combined application of lime and organic manure. Sole or combined application of lime and manure amendment significantly improved nutrient availability and soil quality. Therefore, application of lime in combination with manure can be practiced for uplifting the crop productivity and improving soil quality in acidic Piedmont soils of northern and eastern Piedmont plains.

Rice is a staple food for humans and a key source of soil arsenic (As) transfer to the human food chain. As a result, it is critical to develop ways for reducing As accumulation in rice. A pot experiment with seven different water management practices was done to examine the impacts of water management on rice (cv. BRRI dhan28) growth, yield, and As accumulation in rice grain. Any health risk due to As accumulation in rice grain was also determined. The soil used in the experiment was artificially contaminated with As and the source of As was sodium arsenate (Na₂HAsO₄ 7H₂O). Water management practices affect different plant growth and yield parameters including filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and straw yield of rice. The number of filled grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight were found to be at their highest in the T₇ (alternate wetting and drying) condition, whereas the number of unfilled grains per panicle was at its lowest in the same treatment. The T₇ also demonstrated the highest grain yield (21.08 g/pot) and straw yield (22.02 g/pot), whereas the lowest values were noted in T₁ (flooding throughout the growth period). The highest As concentration in rice grain (0.52 mg kg⁻¹) was found in T₁ and the lowest As concentration in grain (0.27 mg kg⁻¹) was found in T₇. Estimation of the human health risk revealed that the non-carcinogenic risks (HQ > 1) and carcinogenic risks (CR > 1.0 × 10⁻⁴) were greatly affected by different water regimes. The rice plant grown under alternate wetting and drying condition (T₇) showed the lowest health risks compared to other water management practices. Thus, alternate wetting and drying conditions are a good water management strategy for increasing rice output while reducing arsenic buildup in rice grain.