This article aims to determine which of a firm’s resources are drivers of its decisions on sustainability policies. For this purpose, it analyses four of the resources that the literature has linked with sustainability: (1) marketing resources, (2) technological resources, (3) innovation resources and (4) financial resources. The study focuses on Spain, which has the largest surface area under vine in the world. The database for the empirical analysis was drawn up from a survey among wineries carried out during 2020 and 2021. A total of 411 observations were valid. From the quantitative analysis, based on Box–Cox models, it can be concluded that adopting sustainability policies requires placing stress on innovation and on the capacity for communicating such innovations so that consumers perceive them as a change for the better; having greater technological or financial resources seems to be insufficient and of little importance. The results indicate that promoting funding and resource availability as basic tools should be reviewed in sustainability policies for wine firms.

Using a business model as a means of analysis of competitive advantage is a new concept that includes classic elements, such as resources and strategy, adding the creation of value for customers and the appropriation of a part of it by the company. This paper studies the relation between the business model and performance in the Spanish wine industry. For this study, a survey was conducted of all the wineries in Spain; 339 responses were obtained, 14% of the total sample universe. In line with the recent literature, a business model is shaped as a consequence of the definition of the business strategy. To analyse the different business models, the core strategy and their interaction with the decisions of the company in the value chain have been analysed. The study empirically points out four successful business models in the Spanish wine industry, and notes the set of decisions in the value chain that each business model uses. The results and conclusions presented should provide a way for the managers of Spanish wineries to evaluate the congruence between their core strategies and their decisions in the value chain in order to achieve a better business performance. In addition, this can benefit wine sector firms in aligning their resources and decisions and in achieving greater efficiency. The study provides a global analysis that has not been made in the wine sector before and its conclusions allow one to know which core strategies are related to a better performance and which are not.

Agricultural cooperatives’ economic performance and efficiency today have great economic and social relevance. Consistent with the recent literature, this article examines wine cooperatives and compares them with wine investor-owned firms, studying their innovation capabilities, Miles and Snow strategies, and performance. A survey was conducted in all the wineries in Spain, with 339 responses. The interactions between the independent variables and the dependent variable were analyzed using the logit regression model. The study points out that cooperatives do not have fewer innovation capabilities, nor are they more inefficient, than investor-owned firms, although the factors that modulate their economic performance are different. (JEL Classifications: L66, M10, P13, Q13)

This paper examines how participating in domestic clustered networks in the agri‐food industry affects the export status and export intensity of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). The Uppsala internationalization process model has been revisited in light of the knowledge that these networks can contribute to promoting the presence of SMEs abroad. The study uses a sample of companies in the Spanish wine industry and characterizes 76 domestic clustered business networks (Protected Designations of Origin). The value and originality of the paper reside in its contribution in terms of measuring the degree of internationalization of domestic clustered networks to which SMEs belong. It also assesses the effect of these networks on the internationalization process of the agri‐food industry, considering that domestic clustered networks with a strong international commitment generate greater internationalization opportunities. [EconLit Citations: F14, M21, Q13, Q17].