Bioremediation technology is one of the most profitable and sustainable strategies for remediating soils contaminated with hydrocarbons. This study focuses on assessing the influence of biostimulation and bioaugmentation with Pseudomonas fluorescens to contribute to the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of a soil. Laboratory studies were carried out (measurements of emitted CO₂, surface tension, and residual TPH) to select the best bioaugmentation and biostimulation treatment. The sources of C, N, and P were glucose–yeast extract, NH₄Cl–NaNO₃, and K₂HPO₄–K₃PO₄, respectively. The effect of culture conditions on the reduction of TPH and respiratory activity was evaluated through a factorial design, 2³, in a solid culture system. After 80 days of incubation, it was observed that treatments of yeast extract–NH₄Cl–K₂HPO₄ (Y4) and glucose–NaNO₃–K₃PO₄ (Y5) presented a higher level of TPH removal (20.91% and 20.00% degradation of TPH, respectively). Biostimulation favors the production of biosurfactants, indirectly measured by the change in surface tension in the soil extracts. The treatments Y4 and Y5 showed a lower change value of the surface tension (23.15 and 23.30 mN·m⁻¹ at 25 °C). A positive correlation was determined between the change in surface tension and the removal of TPH; hence there was a contribution of the biosurfactants produced to the removal of hydrocarbons.

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria in seafood, especially shrimp and octopus, are significant public health concerns and are able to be transmitted to humans in foodstuffs, particularly when they are of animal origin. The present study was conducted to measure the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and prevalence of Salmonella isolates obtained from octopus and shrimp in San Francisco de Campeche, Mexico. Methods: Two hundred shrimp and octopus samples (one hundred each) were collected from the municipal market, and each sample consisted of 100 g. The present study used conventional methods to identify and isolate Salmonella, with the disk-diffusion method used to screen all isolates for sensitivity to 12 antibiotics. Results: The prevalence of Salmonella was found to be 56% and 45% in shrimp and octopus, respectively. The high levels of Salmonella observed in the municipal market sampled by the present study reveal poor sanitary conditions in the processing and transport of the products of interest and those handling them at the point of sale. All the Salmonella strains were resistant to at least three antimicrobial classes. All shrimp isolates (100%) presented susceptibility to chloramphenicol and the majority (88%) presented sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, while the strains isolated in the octopus individuals sampled presented sensitivity to both the foregoing antibiotics (74% and 90%, respectively). Conclusion: Based on the high prevalence in the samples analyzed, our results suggest that shrimp and octopus could be involved in Salmonella infections in the population.

En el presente estudio, se analizó la capacidad de adsorción de flúor a partir de la activación de cáscara de tamarindo utilizando una solución ácida de HCl 0.2M. La capacidad de adsorción de flúor fue evaluada en un rango de concentración de 2 - 30 mg/L. Las pruebas realizadas a pH neutro evidenciaron la capacidad máxima de adsorción de flúor. El análisis de espectroscopia IR corroboró que la adsorción de fluoruro es asociada a atracciones electrostáticas, intercambio iónico y fisisorción. Se concluye que la cáscara de tamarindo puede ser un material alternativo para la eliminación de fluoruro una vez que se logró adsorber 13.1 mg/g. La aplicación de esta metodología en agua de pozo involucra el análisis de las demás especies metálicas en solución y una posible interacción entre la composición química del agua y la naturaleza de la superficie de los residuos agrícolas.

For a long time the human being used plants to cover some of their nutritional needs, thanks to this for years some medicinal plants have been taken into account for the cure of diseases as an alternative to antibiotics Currently it is known that through food different types of foodborne diseases (ETA's) are obtained, these constitute an important public health problem in the regions, with social, economic, political and cultural implications. The microbiological analysis of the collected samples was carried out according to the standards established in the methodology of the Official Mexican Standard NOM-113-SSA1-1994, Method for counting total coliform microorganisms and the Official Mexican Standard NOM -031-SSA1-1993. The resistance profiles were carried out following the Kirby Bauer methodology. For the extract preparation and antimicrobial activity: the methodology described by Tirado torres et al., 2019.(67%), Cobaltin and Cefotaxime (50%) was followed. Low microbial activity was observed using the sea grape aqueous extract with inhibition halos of 8mm and 9mm.

Se evaluó la movilidad de arsénico y plomo en jales mineros históricos dispuestos en la mancha urbana de la ciudad de Guanajuato, Gto., México. Las determinaciones se llevaron a cabo con dos protocolos de extracción secuencial para las fases del suelo y una metodología con extractante específico para movilizar arsénico. Los resultados de las extracciones permitieron diferenciar las concentraciones de metales y arsénico que podrían estar disponibles en los sitios impactados por la deposición de jales. El muestreo de suelos invadidos por jales mineros históricos se llevó a cabo en el área urbana de Guanajuato, Gto., México. Las muestras de suelo de referencia se realizaron en un área sin actividad industrial (5 km de la caseta de cobro Silao-Guanajuato). Se realizó un análisis mineralógico para conocer su composición, arrojando que se componen mayoritariamente de yeso y calcita. Posteriormente sometieron a una digestión ácida como preparación para la Extracción Secuencial Selectiva donde se obtuvo una movilidad mayor en la fase asociada a carbonatos y óxidos de Fe y Mn, siendo la mayor movilidad por intercambio iónico.