Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a burgeoning class of crystalline materials constructed from metal cations/clusters and organic ligands with various potential applications. Thus, luminescent MOFs display potential applications in smart sensing with excellent sensitivity, accuracy, anti-jamming, stability, and selectivity. MOFs possess their intrinsic luminescent property from metal cations, organic ligands, and other luminescent species via ingenious design and post-modification. Luminescent MOFs can be used as advanced detection materials for various antibiotics through their luminescent signal response, including the emission intensity and location. Herein, for the first time, we intend to provide a comprehensive overview on the state-of-the-art methods and challenges of antibiotic detection by luminescent MOFs.

Uranium capture from seawater could solve increasing energy demand and enable a much needed relaxing from fossil fuels. Low concentration (∼3 ppb), competing cations (especially vanadium) and pH-dependent speciation prohibit highly efficient uranium uptake. Despite intensive research, selective extraction of uranyl ions over vanadyl units remains a tremendous challenge. Here, we adopted a molecular coordination template strategy to design a uranyl-specific bis-salicylaldoxime entity and decorated it into a highly porous aromatic framework (PAF-1) by programmable assembly. The superstructure (MISS-PAF-1) gives a strong affinity that removes 99.97% of uranium in 120 min. Notably, it binds to the uranyl ion at least 100 times more selectively than 14 different cations tested, including the vanadyl ion, in simulated seawater at ambient pH. Real seawater samples collected from the Bohai Sea achieve 5.79 mg g^–1 of uranium capacity over 56 days without PAF degradation, exceeding a 4-fold higher amount than commercial adsorbents.