Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) survival is critical for economic sustainability due to the multifaceted role of the economy. Thus, halting SMEs operation hurts the aggregate economy. During the present pandemic, SMEs’ sustainability in Bangladesh is under-challenged because of limited market demand, supply constraints, financial incapacity, and capital restrictions. However, with the concerted effort from firms and the government, SME’s have been trying to reestablish from the unforeseen consequence by capitalizing on innovation, skills, and economic resources. The motivation of the study is to gauge the impact of innovative finance, technological adaptation, and the government’s role on SMEs’ sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. As a study sample, 2000 SMEs were considered for data collection through a structured questionnaire from 10 December 2020, to 28 January 2021. A sample of 1895 SMEs was returned with their responses. However, after a careful data cleaning procedure, only a sample of 1395 (69.75%) responses was found suitable for study. The study applied structural equation modelling to explore causal effects and test the proposed hypothesis for the hypnotized model, i.e., more precisely, to explore the direct effects of technology adaptation and innovative finance and indirect effects through government support on SMEs. Study findings revealed that SMEs’ sustainability positively accelerates by applying innovative finance and integration of technological adaptation. In contrast, the mediating role of government was also established with indirect assessment. Study findings suggest that policy formulation and implementation must be initiated, focusing on effective online financial services, settling business transactions, and integrating IT advancements in operation.

In recent literature, the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on macro aspects have been investigated, but the aspect of energy, precisely renewable energy still to explore. The motivation of the study is to produce fresh evidence regarding the nexus between EPU and renewable energy consumption (REC) with the mediating role of forcing direct investment (FDI) and financial development (FD) in BRIC nations for the period 1997q1–2018q4. The study applied unit root tests following Ng-Perron and Zivot and Andrews for detecting variable’s stationary properties. The long-run cointegration was evaluated by implementing Bayer, Hanck combined the cointegration test, Bound testing approach, and t_BDM test. Both linear and non-linear ARDL were implemented to evaluate long-run and short-run shocks, and directional causality was assessed through a non-granger causality test. Furthermore, the study implemented robustness by implementing fully-modified OLS, dynamic OLS, and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR). Unit root test established the variables are stationary after the first difference; moreover, the Bayer and Hanck cointegration test confirmed the long-run association between EPU, FD, FD, and REC in BRIC nations. Accruing to ARDL estimation, adverse effects running from EPU to REC both in the long run and short run. Furthermore, the positive statistically significant linkage revealed for FDI and FD to REC implies that clean energy integration could be augmented with continual inflows of FDI and development of the financial sector. Model estimation with asymmetric assumption, the study documented asymmetric effects running from EPU, FDI, and FD to renewable energy consumption, especially in the long run. Finally, the directional causality revealed unidirectional causality between REC and EPU, whereas the feedback hypothesis was disclosed for FDI and REC] and FD and REC. Study findings postulated that the role of foreign direct investment and financial development is critically significant because technological advancement and capital investment augment clean energy integration through the application of renewable energy.

Energy availability especially that derived from renewable sources has sustainable effects on economic progress and environmental rectifications. However, using clean energy in the energy mix has been influenced by several macro fundamentals. The motivation of this study is to gauge the impact of uncertainties, environmental restrictions and innovation on clean energy consumption for the period 1997–2021 by employing the new econometric estimation techniques commonly known as CUP-FM and CUP-BC. Referring to the preliminary assessment with the slope of homogeneity, cross-sectional dependency and panel cointegration test, it is unveiled that research variables have exposed heterogeneity prosperities, cross-sectional dependence, and long-run association in the empirical equation. According to the empirical model output with CUP-FM and CUP-BC, EPU has a native statistically significant connection to clean energy consumption. At the same time, environmental taxation and technological innovation have had beneficial effects on clean energy development. Additionally, the nonlinear estimation disclosed asymmetric linkage between explanatory and explained variables in the long and short run. Directional causality revealed a feedback hypothesis explaining the relationship between EPU, TI and clean energy consumption. The study has offered policy suggestions based on the findings for future development.

This study aims to explore the complex connection between green supply chain Management (GSCM) practices, relational efficiency, Job satisfaction, and operational efficiency, as well as the overall organizational performance of manufacturing companies. Utilizing a qualitative model as the basis of our study is essential for navigating this terrain. The present study used carefully designed questionnaires for collecting responses from operational-level managers and applied structural equation modeling (SEM) for inferential analysis, offering a detailed insight into the variables affecting organizational performance in GSCM. This study revealed a significant finding about the role of GSCM practices in connecting business performance and environmental responsibility, highlighting the vital link between sustainable business practices and organizational success. Manufacturing companies should acknowledge and manage the intricate relationship between internal and external aspects of GSCM to achieve smooth operational integration while reducing environmental impact. Our study emphasizes the importance of comprehensively analyzing the connection between GSCM practices and organizational performance. It highlights the need to address challenges to implement sustainable practices. By confronting these challenges directly, organizations can realize the complete capabilities of GSCM and strengthen their dedication to environmental responsibility. The research highlights obstacles and proposes a strategic management approach, providing a roadmap for effectively integrating GSCM into organizational structures. Understanding the relationship between business practices and their environmental impacts is crucial as we address climate change and environmental degradation worldwide. This study illuminates the mediating role of GSCM practices. It emphasizes the importance of manufacturing companies adopting a comprehensive approach to incorporating sustainability into their operational framework and promoting environmental resilience and organizational success.

The motivation of the study is to investigate the nature of the relationship between institutional quality, tourism, and FDI in BIMSTEC nations for the period 1996Q1–2018Q4. Exploring their nature of association, the study performed several panel econometric models, namely Panel ARDL, Nonlinear ARDL, and Toda-Yamamoto causality test, with symmetric and asymmetric effects of institutional quality and tourism. The results of the Wald test confirmed the long-run asymmetric relationship between institutional quality, tourism, and FDI, both in the long-run and short-run. Furthermore, directional casualty established a feedback hypothesis explaining the relationship between institutional quality, tourism, and FDI.