Managing the capacity of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) accurately, particularly in large-scale applications, enhances the cost-effectiveness of energy storage systems. Less frequent replacement or maintenance of LiBs results in cost savings in the long term. Therefore, in this study, AdaBoost, gradient boosting, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and ensemble learning models were employed to predict the discharge capacity of LiBs. The prediction performances of each model were compared based on mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), and R-squared values. The research findings reveal that the LightGBM model exhibited the lowest MAE (0.103) and MSE (0.019) values and the highest R-squared (0.887) value, thus demonstrating the strongest correlation in predictions. Gradient boosting and XGBoost models showed similar performance levels but ranked just below LightGBM. The competitive performance of the ensemble model indicates that combining multiple models could lead to an overall performance improvement. Furthermore, the study incorporates an analysis of key features affecting model predictions using SHAP (Shapley additive explanations) values within the framework of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). This analysis evaluates the impact of features such as temperature, cycle index, voltage, and current on predictions, revealing a significant effect of temperature on discharge capacity. The results of this study emphasize the potential of machine learning models in LiB management within the XAI framework and demonstrate how these technologies could play a strategic role in optimizing energy storage systems.

Li-ion batteries are important in modern technology, especially for drones, due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and lightweight properties. Predicting their performance is crucial for enhancing drone flight safety, optimizing operations, and reducing costs. This involves using advanced techniques like machine learning (e.g., Convolutional Neural Network-CNNs, Recurrent Neural Network-RNNs), statistical modeling (e.g., Kalman Filtering), and explainable AI (e.g., SHAP, LIME, PDP) to forecast battery behavior, extend battery life, and improve drone efficiency. The study aims to develop a CNN-RNN-based ensemble model, enhanced with explainable AI, to predict key battery metrics during drone flights. The model’s predictions will aid in enhancing battery performance via continuous, data-driven monitoring, improve drone safety, optimize operations, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions through advanced recycling methods. In the present study, comparisons are made for the behaviors of two different drone Li-ion batteries, numbered 92 and 129. The ensemble model in Drone 92 showed the best performance with MAE (0.00032), RMSE (0.00067), and R² (0.98665) scores. Similarly, the ensemble model in Drone 129 showed the best performance with MAE (0.00030), RMSE (0.00044), and R² (0.98094) performance metrics. Similar performance results are obtained in the two predictions. However, drone 129 has a minimally lower error rate. When the Partial Dependence Plots results, which are one of the explainable AI (XAI) techniques, are interpreted with the decision tree algorithm, the effect of the Current (A) value on the model estimations in both drone flights is quite evident. When the current value is around −4, the model is more sensitive and shows more changes. This study will establish benchmarks for future research and foster advancements in drone and battery technologies through extensive testing.

This study introduces a novel web based learning tool for electrical machines education. The tool developed consists of the real time experiments remotely accessible via internet in addition to thereotical presentations with animations and simulations on mathematical models of the electrical machines. The system is based on server/client architecture. All operation steps are executed by the server. So, clients do not need any additional software rather than internet connection and an internet browser. A DC motor course is given as an example to illustrate the novel tool developed. The remotely located users can learn the therotical information about the DC motor by means of using interactive web pages. All thereotical presentations supported with favorable animations to facilitate the understanding. Also, users can use the simulation models over the web to observe the motor's dynamic behaviours under the different parameters. Moreover, they can remotely access a DC motor experimental set via internet to perform real time experiments such as speed control and generator operation of DC motor. During the conducting real time experiments over the web, the experimental set can be monitored with a webcam. Experimental results show that the integrated web based learning system developed is user-friendly and can be used for electrical machines education successfully.

There are many articles published in driving/driver behavior (DDB) but few of them have focused on DDB with big data in the literature. The reasons for this might be the lack of media coverage, data, expertise or big data perspectives. This paper presents a big data perspective for investigating the DDB based on models, data features, and experiences. For this purpose, DDB studies were reviewed and grouped into six perspectives. 6V's of big data (volume, velocity, variety, veracity, vulnerability and value) were also revised and discussed how these V's were compatible with DDB data. Finally, the use of big data in DDB analysis was discussed and some suggestions were presented. The lack of big data perception on DDB research was also overviewed and a new perspective was presented for researchers, applicants or business managers to do more effective and suitable studies in the field of big data DDB.