Rice (Oryza sativa) is a crucial staple crop worldwide, providing nutrition to more than half of the global population. Nonetheless, the sustainability of grain production is increasingly jeopardized by both biotic and abiotic stressors exacerbated by climate change, which increases the crop’s rvulnerability to pests and diseases. Genome-editing by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated Protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) presents a potential solution for enhancing rice productivity and resilience under climatic stress. This technology can alter a plant’s genetic components without the introduction of foreign DNA or genes. It has become one of the most extensively used approaches for discovering new gene functions and creating novel varieties that exhibit a higher tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses, herbicide resistance, and improved yield production. This study examines numerous CRISPR-Cas9-based genome-editing techniques for gene knockout, gene knock-in, multiplexing for simultaneous disruption of multiple genes, base-editing, and prime-editing. This review elucidates the application of genome-editing technologies to enhance rice production by directly targeting yield-related genes or indirectly modulating numerous abiotic and biotic stress-responsive genes. We highlight the need to integrate genetic advancements with conventional and advanced agricultural methods to create rice varieties that are resilient to stresses, thereby safeguarding food security and promoting agricultural sustainability amid climatic concerns.

Metal Nanotechnology is a very useful alternative medicinal invention against different diseases, especially against cancer in biomedical as well as in the agricultural field also. These metal nanoparticles are synthesized in different shapes and in different sizes. Moreover, alloys of two or more than two metals are also used in nanotechnology. Nanotechnology, especially metal nanoparticles are now prevailing with its positive behavior in modern biomedical science but extra precaution is necessary during the use of metal nanoparticles because different types of serious toxic effects have also been observed on human health. So, the safe use of metal nanoparticles can be very beneficial in curing different diseases, especially different types of cancers.