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Prof. Vijay Lulla
Unaffiliated

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Environmental Modeling
0 Spatial Databases
0 Simulation
0 Computational geography
0 Spatial data analytics and visualization

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Short Biography

Interested in Spatial Databases, Spatial Statistics, Computational Geography, GeoEthics, Ecology, Remote Sensing, and GIS.

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Journal article
Published: 13 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Due to its high greenhouse effect, the use of SF6 as the main insulating gas is restricted in the electric power field. Along with the aim of environmental protection, the search for new alternative gases with a lower greenhouse effect and higher insulation strength has received a lot of attention. The properties of alternative gases have a vital impact on the performance of medium-voltage power distribution equipment. Firstly, based on the existing liquefaction temperatures of SF6/N2, SF6/CO2, and SF6/CF4, the calculated liquefaction temperatures were expanded to 0.7 MPa. Combining the Antoine vapor-pressure equation and the basic law of vapor–liquid balance, the vapor pressures of SF6/N2, CF3I/N2, c-C4F8/N2, C4-PFN/N2, C4-PFN/CO2, and C5-PFK/CO2 were obtained. Secondly, the critical breakdown field strength was analyzed for C4-PFN/CO2, C5-PFK/CO2, SF6, CF3I/N2, C5-PFK/Air, and c-C4F8/N2. Finally, the GWPs of SF6/N2, C4-PFN/N2, C4-PFN/CO2, C5-PFK/CO2, and C5-PFK/N2 were discussed. The results show that the liquefaction temperature gradually decreases as the pressure rises; SF6/N2 has the highest vapor pressure at −5 °C; the critical breakdown field strengths of several mixtures are higher than that of SF6.

ACS Style

Tao Jiang; Xiangzhao Meng; Qiming Wei; Lijun Jin; Yanjun Sun. The Development of SF6 Green Substitute Gas. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9063 .

AMA Style

Tao Jiang, Xiangzhao Meng, Qiming Wei, Lijun Jin, Yanjun Sun. The Development of SF6 Green Substitute Gas. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9063.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Jiang; Xiangzhao Meng; Qiming Wei; Lijun Jin; Yanjun Sun. 2021. "The Development of SF6 Green Substitute Gas." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9063.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2021 in Sustainability
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A substantial reduction in global transport and industrial processes stemming from the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and subsequent pandemic resulted in sharp declines in emissions, including for NO2. This has implications for human health, given the role that this gas plays in pulmonary disease and the findings that past exposure to air pollutants has been linked to the most adverse outcomes from COVID-19 disease, likely via various co-morbidities. To explore how much COVID-19 shutdown policies impacted urban air quality, we examined ground-based NO2 sensor data from 11 U.S. cities from a two-month window (March–April) during shutdown in 2020, controlling for natural seasonal variability by using average changes in NO2 over the previous five years for these cities. Levels of NO2 and VMT reduction in March and April compared to January 2020 ranged between 11–65% and 11–89%, consistent with a sharp drop in vehicular traffic from shutdown-related travel restrictions. To explore this link closely, we gathered detailed traffic count data in one city—Indianapolis, Indiana—and found a strong correlation (0.90) between traffic counts/classification and vehicle miles travelled, a moderate correlation (0.54) between NO2 and traffic related data, and an average reduction of 1.11 ppb of NO2 linked to vehicular data. This finding indicates that targeted reduction in pollutants like NO2 can be made by manipulating traffic patterns, thus potentially leading to more population-level health resilience in the future.

ACS Style

Asrah Heintzelman; Gabriel Filippelli; Vijay Lulla. Substantial Decreases in U.S. Cities’ Ground-Based NO2 Concentrations during COVID-19 from Reduced Transportation. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9030 .

AMA Style

Asrah Heintzelman, Gabriel Filippelli, Vijay Lulla. Substantial Decreases in U.S. Cities’ Ground-Based NO2 Concentrations during COVID-19 from Reduced Transportation. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9030.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asrah Heintzelman; Gabriel Filippelli; Vijay Lulla. 2021. "Substantial Decreases in U.S. Cities’ Ground-Based NO2 Concentrations during COVID-19 from Reduced Transportation." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9030.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in Ecosphere
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During the 21st century, human–environment interactions will increasingly expose both systems to risks, but also yield opportunities for improvement as we gain insight into these complex, coupled systems. Human–environment interactions operate over multiple spatial and temporal scales, requiring large data volumes of multi-resolution information for analysis. Climate change, land-use change, urbanization, and wildfires, for example, can affect regions differently depending on ecological and socioeconomic structures. The relative scarcity of data on both humans and natural systems at the relevant extent can be prohibitive when pursuing inquiries into these complex relationships. We explore the value of multitemporal, high-density, and high-resolution LiDAR, imaging spectroscopy, and digital camera data from the National Ecological Observatory Network’s Airborne Observation Platform (NEON AOP) for Socio-Environmental Systems (SES) research. In addition to providing an overview of NEON AOP datasets and outlining specific applications for addressing SES questions, we highlight current challenges and provide recommendations for the SES research community to improve and expand its use of this platform for SES research. The coordinated, nationwide AOP remote sensing data, collected annually over the next 30 yr, offer exciting opportunities for cross-site analyses and comparison, upscaling metrics derived from LiDAR and hyperspectral datasets across larger spatial extents, and addressing questions across diverse scales. Integrating AOP data with other SES datasets will allow researchers to investigate complex systems and provide urgently needed policy recommendations for socio-environmental challenges. We urge the SES research community to further explore questions and theories in social and economic disciplines that might leverage NEON AOP data.

ACS Style

Elsa M. Ordway; Andrew J. Elmore; Sonja Kolstoe; John E. Quinn; Rachel Swanwick; Megan Cattau; Dylan Taillie; Steven M. Guinn; K. Dana Chadwick; Jeff W. Atkins; Rachael E. Blake; Melissa Chapman; Kelly Cobourn; Tristan Goulden; Matthew R. Helmus; Kelly Hondula; Carrie Hritz; Jennifer Jensen; Jason P. Julian; Yusuke Kuwayama; Vijay Lulla; Donal O’Leary; Donald R. Nelson; Jonathan P. Ocón; Stephanie Pau; Guillermo E. Ponce‐Campos; Carlos Portillo‐Quintero; Narcisa G. Pricope; Rosanna G. Rivero; Laura Schneider; Meredith Steele; Mirela G. Tulbure; Matthew A. Williamson; Cyril Wilson. Leveraging the NEON Airborne Observation Platform for socio‐environmental systems research. Ecosphere 2021, 12, e03640 .

AMA Style

Elsa M. Ordway, Andrew J. Elmore, Sonja Kolstoe, John E. Quinn, Rachel Swanwick, Megan Cattau, Dylan Taillie, Steven M. Guinn, K. Dana Chadwick, Jeff W. Atkins, Rachael E. Blake, Melissa Chapman, Kelly Cobourn, Tristan Goulden, Matthew R. Helmus, Kelly Hondula, Carrie Hritz, Jennifer Jensen, Jason P. Julian, Yusuke Kuwayama, Vijay Lulla, Donal O’Leary, Donald R. Nelson, Jonathan P. Ocón, Stephanie Pau, Guillermo E. Ponce‐Campos, Carlos Portillo‐Quintero, Narcisa G. Pricope, Rosanna G. Rivero, Laura Schneider, Meredith Steele, Mirela G. Tulbure, Matthew A. Williamson, Cyril Wilson. Leveraging the NEON Airborne Observation Platform for socio‐environmental systems research. Ecosphere. 2021; 12 (6):e03640.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elsa M. Ordway; Andrew J. Elmore; Sonja Kolstoe; John E. Quinn; Rachel Swanwick; Megan Cattau; Dylan Taillie; Steven M. Guinn; K. Dana Chadwick; Jeff W. Atkins; Rachael E. Blake; Melissa Chapman; Kelly Cobourn; Tristan Goulden; Matthew R. Helmus; Kelly Hondula; Carrie Hritz; Jennifer Jensen; Jason P. Julian; Yusuke Kuwayama; Vijay Lulla; Donal O’Leary; Donald R. Nelson; Jonathan P. Ocón; Stephanie Pau; Guillermo E. Ponce‐Campos; Carlos Portillo‐Quintero; Narcisa G. Pricope; Rosanna G. Rivero; Laura Schneider; Meredith Steele; Mirela G. Tulbure; Matthew A. Williamson; Cyril Wilson. 2021. "Leveraging the NEON Airborne Observation Platform for socio‐environmental systems research." Ecosphere 12, no. 6: e03640.

Journal article
Published: 20 October 2020 in Irish Political Studies
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ACS Style

Robert W. White; Tijen Demirel-Pegg; Vijay Lulla. Terrorism, counterterrorism and ‘the rule of law’: state repression and ‘shoot-to-kill’ in Northern Ireland. Irish Political Studies 2020, 36, 263 -290.

AMA Style

Robert W. White, Tijen Demirel-Pegg, Vijay Lulla. Terrorism, counterterrorism and ‘the rule of law’: state repression and ‘shoot-to-kill’ in Northern Ireland. Irish Political Studies. 2020; 36 (2):263-290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert W. White; Tijen Demirel-Pegg; Vijay Lulla. 2020. "Terrorism, counterterrorism and ‘the rule of law’: state repression and ‘shoot-to-kill’ in Northern Ireland." Irish Political Studies 36, no. 2: 263-290.

Research article
Published: 24 September 2020 in Journal of Sustainable Tourism
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Bikeshare programs are a popular, convenient, and sustainable mode of transportation that provide a range of benefits to urban communities such as reduction in carbon emissions, decreased travel times, financial savings, and heightened physical activity. Although, tourists are especially inclined to use bikeshare to explore a destination as the programs are a convenient, cheap, flexible, and an active alternative to vehicles and mass transit little research or attention has focused on visitor usage. As such the current study investigated the spatial-temporal usage patterns of bikeshare by visitors to an urban community using GPS based big data (N = 353,733). The results revealed differential usage patterns between visitors and local residents based on user provided ZIP Codes using a 50 mile geometric circular buffer around the urban destination. The visitors and residents significantly varied on numerous trip behaviors including route selection, time of rental, checkout/check-in locations, distance, speed, duration, and physical activity intensity. The user patterns uncovered suggest visitors primarily use bikeshare for leisure based urban exploration, compared to residents’ primary use of bikeshare to be public transportation related. Implications for bikeshare, urban planning, and tourism management are provided aimed at delivering a more sustainable and richer visitor experience.

ACS Style

Richard J. Buning; Vijay Lulla. Visitor bikeshare usage: tracking visitor spatiotemporal behavior using big data. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2020, 29, 711 -731.

AMA Style

Richard J. Buning, Vijay Lulla. Visitor bikeshare usage: tracking visitor spatiotemporal behavior using big data. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 2020; 29 (4):711-731.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Richard J. Buning; Vijay Lulla. 2020. "Visitor bikeshare usage: tracking visitor spatiotemporal behavior using big data." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 29, no. 4: 711-731.

Article
Published: 09 June 2020
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The air pollutant NO is derived largely from transportation sources, and is known to cause various respiratory diseases. Substantial reduction in transport and industrial processes around the globe stemming from the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and subsequent pandemic resulted in sharp declines in emissions, including for NO. Additionally, the COVID-19 disease that results from the coronavirus may present in its most severe form in those who have been exposed to high levels of air pollution and thus have various co-morbidities. To explore these links, we compared ground-based NOsensor data from 15 US cities from a one month window in 2019 versus the same window during shutdown in 2020. Levels of NO declined roughly 20-60% in 13 of the 15 cities in 2020, linked to similar declines in traffic volume in those cities. To broaden the spatial analysis beyond the individual ground-based monitors, satellite data for tropospheric NO was also analyzed, and was largely consistent with the ground measurements. Many of the cities studied had a substantial percentage of the population with various pre-existing conditions, and a relationship was found between NO levels, respiratory disease, and COVID-19 case counts. This finding indicates that substantial improvements in air pollution and health outcomes can be achieved quickly with local and state policy directives, perhaps leading to more population-level health resilience in the face of future pandemics.

ACS Style

Gabriel FilippelliiD; Asrah Heintzelman; Vijay LullaiD. Substantial decreases in NO2 emissions from reduced transportation volumes in US cities during COVID-19 shutdowns reveal health vulnerabilities of urban populations. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Gabriel FilippelliiD, Asrah Heintzelman, Vijay LullaiD. Substantial decreases in NO2 emissions from reduced transportation volumes in US cities during COVID-19 shutdowns reveal health vulnerabilities of urban populations. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel FilippelliiD; Asrah Heintzelman; Vijay LullaiD. 2020. "Substantial decreases in NO2 emissions from reduced transportation volumes in US cities during COVID-19 shutdowns reveal health vulnerabilities of urban populations." , no. : 1.

Articles
Published: 27 July 2018 in GIScience & Remote Sensing
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Hardin and Jensen (2011) presented six challenges to using small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) for environmental remote sensing: challenge of the hostile flying environment, challenge of power, challenge of available sensors, challenge of payload weight, challenge of data analysis, and challenge of regulation. Eight years later we revisit each of the challenges in the context of the current sUAS environment. We conclude that technological advances made in the interim (as applied to environmental remote sensing) have either (1) improved practitioner ability to respond to a challenge or (2) decreased the magnitude of the challenge itself. However, relatively short flight time remains a primary challenge to using sUAS in environmental remote sensing.

ACS Style

Perry J. Hardin; Vijay Lulla; Ryan R. Jensen; John R. Jensen. Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) for environmental remote sensing: challenges and opportunities revisited. GIScience & Remote Sensing 2018, 56, 309 -322.

AMA Style

Perry J. Hardin, Vijay Lulla, Ryan R. Jensen, John R. Jensen. Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) for environmental remote sensing: challenges and opportunities revisited. GIScience & Remote Sensing. 2018; 56 (2):309-322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perry J. Hardin; Vijay Lulla; Ryan R. Jensen; John R. Jensen. 2018. "Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) for environmental remote sensing: challenges and opportunities revisited." GIScience & Remote Sensing 56, no. 2: 309-322.

Book chapter
Published: 05 March 2016 in Urban Sustainability: Policy and Praxis
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There is an increase in use of hyperspectral remote sensing to map, monitor, and model the urban environment. This is due to the development of hardware and software systems that enable collecting hyperspectral images from aircraft based platforms. While hyperspectral data have many benefits relative to traditional multispectral data, such as fine spectral and spatial resolutions, hyperspectral data acquisition and processing is fraught with challenges that must be considered. This chapter discusses some of the common issues associated with acquiring and using hyperspectral data in urban areas. Specific issues include flight pattern planning, geometric accuracy (GPS/INS problems and square pixels), impact of aircraft flight dynamics, radiometric accuracy and correction, field data collection, data transformation techniques, data storage, and many others. The chapter also describes ways to address these issues. We think that the topics discussed in this chapter are timely because while hyperspectral remote sensing with remotely piloted aerial systems (e.g., fixed wing drones, quadcopters, octocopters) has not yet become popular we are already observing that these systems are being used to collect very high spatial resolution multispectral aerial imagery for many applications, and we think that hyperspectral remote sensing may become even more popular in urban areas with remotely piloted aerial systems. In this chapter, we share our experience of collecting, processing, and using hyperspectral data from aircraft platforms to study urban environments and promote urban sustainability.

ACS Style

Vijay Lulla; Ryan R. Jensen. Best Practices for Urban Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data Acquisition and Processing. Urban Sustainability: Policy and Praxis 2016, 43 -54.

AMA Style

Vijay Lulla, Ryan R. Jensen. Best Practices for Urban Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data Acquisition and Processing. Urban Sustainability: Policy and Praxis. 2016; ():43-54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vijay Lulla; Ryan R. Jensen. 2016. "Best Practices for Urban Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data Acquisition and Processing." Urban Sustainability: Policy and Praxis , no. : 43-54.

Articles
Published: 12 July 2013 in Geocarto International
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Mortality from extreme heat is a leading cause of weather-related fatality, which is expected to increase in frequency with future climate scenarios. This study examines the spatiotemporal variations in heat-related health risk in three Midwestern cities in the USA between the years 1990 to 2010; cities include Chicago, Illinois, Indianapolis, IN and Dayton, OH. In order to examine these variations, we utilize the recently developed extreme heat vulnerability index (EHVI) that uses a principal components solution to vulnerability. The EHVI incorporates data from the US Decadal Census and remotely sensed variables to determine heat-related vulnerability at an intra-urban level (census block group). The results demonstrate significant spatiotemporal variations in heat health risk within the cities involved.

ACS Style

Daniel P. Johnson; J. Jeremy Webber; Kavya Urs Beerval Ravichandra; Vijay Lulla; Austin C. Stanforth. Spatiotemporal variations in heat-related health risk in three Midwestern US cities between 1990 and 2010. Geocarto International 2013, 29, 65 -84.

AMA Style

Daniel P. Johnson, J. Jeremy Webber, Kavya Urs Beerval Ravichandra, Vijay Lulla, Austin C. Stanforth. Spatiotemporal variations in heat-related health risk in three Midwestern US cities between 1990 and 2010. Geocarto International. 2013; 29 (1):65-84.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel P. Johnson; J. Jeremy Webber; Kavya Urs Beerval Ravichandra; Vijay Lulla; Austin C. Stanforth. 2013. "Spatiotemporal variations in heat-related health risk in three Midwestern US cities between 1990 and 2010." Geocarto International 29, no. 1: 65-84.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2012 in Applied Geography
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ACS Style

Daniel P. Johnson; Austin Stanforth; Vijay Lulla; George Luber. Developing an applied extreme heat vulnerability index utilizing socioeconomic and environmental data. Applied Geography 2012, 35, 23 -31.

AMA Style

Daniel P. Johnson, Austin Stanforth, Vijay Lulla, George Luber. Developing an applied extreme heat vulnerability index utilizing socioeconomic and environmental data. Applied Geography. 2012; 35 (1-2):23-31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel P. Johnson; Austin Stanforth; Vijay Lulla; George Luber. 2012. "Developing an applied extreme heat vulnerability index utilizing socioeconomic and environmental data." Applied Geography 35, no. 1-2: 23-31.

Journal article
Published: 06 October 2011 in Geography Compass
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Heat‐related death is considered the number one weather‐related cause of mortality throughout the world. There is growing concern that, heat waves, the primary meteorological phenomena responsible, will become more intense and numerous in the near future. Provided with this growing hazard the responsibility for mitigation, early detection and warning rests with emergency response agencies as well as academic researchers. Numerous tools exist in the present time to model very complex relationships that truly define vulnerability to such impending disasters. However, compared to other disasters (i.e. flooding, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, etc.) heat‐related effects have not been thoroughly investigated in a geospatial framework. It seems likely that such approaches will provide significant benefit to the vulnerable communities and to policy makers responsible for planning. These approaches involve the usage of multiple sensor data (multi‐sensor data fusion) coupled with socioeconomic characteristics to truly capture the fabric of social vulnerability. Evidence is growing that these approaches are beginning to have an impact in forecasting and planning for heat‐related health disasters.

ACS Style

Dan Johnson; Vijay Lulla; Austin Stanforth; Jeremy Webber. Remote Sensing of Heat-Related Health Risks: The Trend Toward Coupling Socioeconomic and Remotely Sensed Data. Geography Compass 2011, 5, 767 -780.

AMA Style

Dan Johnson, Vijay Lulla, Austin Stanforth, Jeremy Webber. Remote Sensing of Heat-Related Health Risks: The Trend Toward Coupling Socioeconomic and Remotely Sensed Data. Geography Compass. 2011; 5 (10):767-780.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dan Johnson; Vijay Lulla; Austin Stanforth; Jeremy Webber. 2011. "Remote Sensing of Heat-Related Health Risks: The Trend Toward Coupling Socioeconomic and Remotely Sensed Data." Geography Compass 5, no. 10: 767-780.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2009 in Applied Geography
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Ryan R. Jensen; Perry J. Hardin; Matthew Bekker; Derek S. Farnes; Vijay Lulla; Andrew Hardin. Modeling urban leaf area index with AISA+ hyperspectral data. Applied Geography 2009, 29, 320 -332.

AMA Style

Ryan R. Jensen, Perry J. Hardin, Matthew Bekker, Derek S. Farnes, Vijay Lulla, Andrew Hardin. Modeling urban leaf area index with AISA+ hyperspectral data. Applied Geography. 2009; 29 (3):320-332.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ryan R. Jensen; Perry J. Hardin; Matthew Bekker; Derek S. Farnes; Vijay Lulla; Andrew Hardin. 2009. "Modeling urban leaf area index with AISA+ hyperspectral data." Applied Geography 29, no. 3: 320-332.

Book chapter
Published: 02 February 2009 in Planning and Socioeconomic Applications
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This chapter examines the scale and scope of hyperspectral remote sensing applications and presents a brief case study. As the case study demonstrates, hyperspectral approaches expand the range and accuracy of very fine scale urban studies.

ACS Style

Vijay Lulla. Hyperspectral Applications in Urban Geography. Planning and Socioeconomic Applications 2009, 1, 79 -86.

AMA Style

Vijay Lulla. Hyperspectral Applications in Urban Geography. Planning and Socioeconomic Applications. 2009; 1 ():79-86.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vijay Lulla. 2009. "Hyperspectral Applications in Urban Geography." Planning and Socioeconomic Applications 1, no. : 79-86.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2008 in Journal of Applied Remote Sensing
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Hyperspectral data acquired using airborne push-broom sensors frequently contain geometric distortion caused by aircraft motion. This paper presents a simple single reference line algorithm to correct push-broom imagery for geometric distortions resulting from aircraft roll during the scan period. If a straight line is not available throughout the entire image, multiple lines may be drawn to correct the entire image. The algorithm was applied to two hyperspectral urban images (Terre Haute, Indiana, USA and Provo, Utah, USA) acquired during summer 2006. The results demonstrate that this method is an effective way to correct many of the errors caused by the effect of aircraft roll on hyperspectral push-broom sensors. After performing the reference line correction one of the images was georeferenced using a DOQQ, and a RMSE value of 1.5 meters was achieved. The correction program used to implement the method was programmed in Python, and the program can be downloaded from the project's website.

ACS Style

Ryan R. Jensen; Vijay Lulla; Mark W. Jackson. Single line correction method to remove aircraft roll errors in hyperspectral imagery. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 2008, 2, 023529 -023529-10.

AMA Style

Ryan R. Jensen, Vijay Lulla, Mark W. Jackson. Single line correction method to remove aircraft roll errors in hyperspectral imagery. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing. 2008; 2 (1):023529-023529-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ryan R. Jensen; Vijay Lulla; Mark W. Jackson. 2008. "Single line correction method to remove aircraft roll errors in hyperspectral imagery." Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 2, no. 1: 023529-023529-10.

Original articles
Published: 01 September 2004 in Geocarto International
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The Amazon Information System (AIS) developed at Indiana State University/Indiana University is a comprehensive geographic information system that was created to catalog, query, analyze, model, and modify spatial data collected during long term Amazon research and complements new data in a project funded by NASA's Large‐Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Ecology Program (LBA). The AIS incorporates algorithms from sources such as ARC/INFO, ERDAS Imagine, Oracle, STATISTICA, and Visual Basic, and it allows seamless raster and vector data integration. Although the AIS was originally designed for just one of the projects in LBA, NASA requested that it be made available for use in other projects in this program as well. This will enable data to be shared among the various projects in LBA and provide a more synoptic view of the many changes that are occurring in the Amazon Basin. Currently, the system brings together land cover data collected since 1991; particularly involving species level inventories of secondary succession sites across five regions of the Amazon. More than two thousand inventory plots as well as soil surveys are integrated to a comprehensive satellite image dataset. The system includes algorithms that allow users to process biomass, basal area, and other estimators of vegetation characteristics. The AIS is continuously evolving as a result of new user requirements, suggestions, and requests. Because of this input stream, the AIS will be a very robust system that will benefit spatial analysis in the Amazon Basin for many years to come.

ACS Style

Ryan R. Jensen; Genong Yu; Paul W. Mausel; Vijay Lulla; Eduardo Brondizio; Emilio Moran. An Integrated Approach to Amazon Research: The Amazon Information System. Geocarto International 2004, 19, 55 -59.

AMA Style

Ryan R. Jensen, Genong Yu, Paul W. Mausel, Vijay Lulla, Eduardo Brondizio, Emilio Moran. An Integrated Approach to Amazon Research: The Amazon Information System. Geocarto International. 2004; 19 (3):55-59.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ryan R. Jensen; Genong Yu; Paul W. Mausel; Vijay Lulla; Eduardo Brondizio; Emilio Moran. 2004. "An Integrated Approach to Amazon Research: The Amazon Information System." Geocarto International 19, no. 3: 55-59.