A bioimpedance system for the continuous measurement of non-invasive physiological parameters in lower-limb amputees is presented. The aim of the system is to monitor as many physiological parameters as possible from a single bioimpedance electrode configuration. In this way, a simple, low-cost and low-size autonomous system is developed that is able to continuously monitor the amputee in different environments (home, work, etc). The system measures both electrical impedance myography and electrical impedance plethysmography in the stump with electrodes placed in the inside face of a silicone interface. Such a system allows for the monitoring of a patient's muscle activity, and heart and breath rate, thus enabling the study and continuous monitoring of prosthesis adaptation and improvement of patient's gait to reduce physiological stress. Additionally, it can prevent cardiovascular problems due to the effort involved in the use of prostheses, which can decrease the life expectancy of amputees with previous vascular diseases. Experimental results obtained from different amputees' test validate the purpose of the system.

A fully automatic, non-contact method for the assessment of the respiratory function is proposed using an RGB-D camera-based technology. The proposed algorithm relies on the depth channel of the camera to estimate the movements of the body’s trunk during breathing. It solves in fixed-time complexity, $\mathcal{O}\left(1\right)$, as the acquisition relies on the mean depth value of the target regions only using the color channels to automatically locate them. This simplicity allows the extraction of real-time values of the respiration, as well as the synchronous assessment on multiple body parts. Two different experiments have been performed: a first one conducted on 10 users in a single region and with a fixed breathing frequency, and a second one conducted on 20 users considering a simultaneous acquisition in two regions. The breath rate has then been computed and compared with a reference measurement. The results show a non-statistically significant bias of $0.11$ breaths/min and $96\%$ limits of agreement of $-2.21$/$2.34$ breaths/min regarding the breath-by-breath assessment. The overall real-time assessment shows a RMSE of $0.21$ breaths/min. We have shown that this method is suitable for applications where respiration needs to be monitored in non-ambulatory and static environments.

Disabled people have more difficulties for expression and interaction on a non-verbal level because of the physical, sensory or communication difficulties that they usually present. Regarding music therapy, the existing adapted interfaces target disabled people with controlled motor abilities, which still suggests a barrier for the most affected users presenting truly little or uncontrolled movements. In this work, we have developed a device to build an adapted musical instrument through physiological signals. The instrument uses the electrocardiogram (ECG), the electrical activity of the skin (EDA), the respiration signal and the movement of the user to generate music via sonification of the characteristic features of each physiological signal. Furthermore, the ECG and EDA signals have been used to assess the emotional state of the person to provide to the music therapist objective information in real-time about the adaptation of the user to the techniques and interfaces used in their sessions. The adapted instrument has been tested by people with cerebral palsy showing its high degree of adaptability to the user. In four months, an increase in participation of the most affected users in their music therapy sessions has been achieved. In concrete, the results show that the considered users have achieved six of the so-called aids to analysis which are commonly used to evaluate such practices. The results of the assessment of emotional states indicate that the state of a person can be extracted from the ECG in periods of ten seconds while the evolution of the EDA reveals if the person is relaxed or excited. The device has generated a lot of interest among educators since it outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques allowing the integration of the most affected users by eliminating the aforementioned barrier because of non-controlled movements while assessing the emotional state of the person when facing the activity.

A novel low-power sensor wireless system for continuous and simultaneous measurement of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the impedance plethysmogram (IPG) from a single limb has been designed and tested. This system is made up of an analog subsystem composed of two signal-conditioning channels, one for the ECG and one for the IPG that share the same voltage pickup electrodes, and a digital subsystem based on the BGM220PC22WGA microcontroller that is responsible for digitizing the signals and sending their data via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to a processing unit. The consumption of the system has been analyzed using different settings, obtaining values that would allow a battery duration of up to 131 h, by performing four 30-s measurements every hour. The system was tested in one arm and one leg in a group of healthy volunteers to verify the functionality and to identify the best electrode positions to get high quality signals. Non-standard ECG leads are obtained in both one arm and one leg with an SNR of more than 30 dB. In the worst case, for measurements on the legs, the mean error of the RR intervals from each recording was 1.7 ms and the 95% confidence interval (±SD) was ±7.3 ms versus a reference system. This has made it possible to accurately obtain the Pulse Arrival Time (PAT) between the ECG and the simultaneously measured IPG signal, which allows more cardiovascular information to be obtained from the patient than with systems that acquire only the ECG signal.