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Dr. Benjamin Büttner
Department of Civil Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Transit-oriented Development
0 Active Mobility
0 Accessibility planning
0 Governance and policy-making
0 Urban transition experiments

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Journal article
Published: 24 July 2021 in Transport Policy
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The accessibility concept provides a suitable framework for the achievement of sustainable land use and transport systems. Environmental and climate concerns have gained particular relevance among sustainability goals in recent years, thus reshaping political agendas all over the world. Against this background, this paper explores the practical relevance of accessibility instruments for low carbon mobility planning. A theoretical framework on usefulness is developed, which outlines potential application purposes related to identifying needs for interventions in the land use and transport system, assessing the impacts of potential solutions, as well as communicating between planning sectors and stakeholders. Three real-world planning issues in the Munich region serve to test the hypothetical usefulness of accessibility instruments for low carbon mobility planning in empirical applications. Practitioners were involved at various stages throughout the process in order to capture their perspectives on practical relevance. Both the identified planning issues and the types of accessibility implementations were diverse in nature, showing that accessibility analysis is applicable to a variety of tasks connected to the aim of reducing transport-related emissions. Earlier findings about the practical relevance of accessibility instruments were confirmed in this context, in particular the importance of communicative outputs. While more research in other spatial contexts is clearly needed, we conclude that accessibility instruments can contribute to a low carbon transition by enabling practitioners to plan for low carbon mobility options and communicate the benefits of these options. However, the implementation of accessibility instruments might be hampered by emerging barriers, such as the need to quantify emissions and emission savings, the desire to consider qualitative aspects in addition to quantitative indicators, and the lack of accessibility standards and reference values.

ACS Style

Julia Kinigadner; Benjamin Büttner. How accessibility instruments contribute to a low carbon mobility transition: Lessons from planning practice in the Munich region. Transport Policy 2021, 111, 157 -167.

AMA Style

Julia Kinigadner, Benjamin Büttner. How accessibility instruments contribute to a low carbon mobility transition: Lessons from planning practice in the Munich region. Transport Policy. 2021; 111 ():157-167.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julia Kinigadner; Benjamin Büttner. 2021. "How accessibility instruments contribute to a low carbon mobility transition: Lessons from planning practice in the Munich region." Transport Policy 111, no. : 157-167.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2021 in Journal of Transport Geography
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The rise of concepts such as the 15-minute-city represents the growing importance of accessibility by active mobility. In order to promote accessibility, accessibility instruments are developed that have substantial potential to assist practitioners in decision making processes. Therefore, this research starts with an up-to-date overview on the suitability of accessibility instruments when planning for active mobility. It was found that accessibility instruments were significantly further developed in the last few years and there is a rising number of tools that contain novel features. However, it was identified that there is a clear lack of tools specifically designed for modeling active mobility that are open source, include interactive scenario building, and can easily be transferred to new study areas. Therefore, an interactive accessibility instrument named GOAT (Geo Open Accessibility Tool) was developed, which is open source, transferable, and has an easy-to-use web interface. This instrument has been developed following an iterative software development process in close cooperation with practitioners from three municipalities in the region of Munich, Germany. The practitioners tested the tool independently in numerous workshops in order to provide feedback, which was integrated into the development. Furthermore, the tool was tested and transferred to more than 20 German municipalities, the City of Bogotá (Colombia) and Matosinhos (Portugal). First results show that the collaborative and open development process produced a user-centric solution, which bears the high potential to make planning for active mobility more effective and efficient.

ACS Style

Elias Pajares; Benjamin Büttner; Ulrike Jehle; Aaron Nichols; Gebhard Wulfhorst. Accessibility by proximity: Addressing the lack of interactive accessibility instruments for active mobility. Journal of Transport Geography 2021, 93, 103080 .

AMA Style

Elias Pajares, Benjamin Büttner, Ulrike Jehle, Aaron Nichols, Gebhard Wulfhorst. Accessibility by proximity: Addressing the lack of interactive accessibility instruments for active mobility. Journal of Transport Geography. 2021; 93 ():103080.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elias Pajares; Benjamin Büttner; Ulrike Jehle; Aaron Nichols; Gebhard Wulfhorst. 2021. "Accessibility by proximity: Addressing the lack of interactive accessibility instruments for active mobility." Journal of Transport Geography 93, no. : 103080.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2020 in Journal of Transport Geography
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Accessibility has been conceptualized and applied in different ways, depending on the underlying political objectives. In the context of climate change and ambitious emission reduction targets, environmental concerns have risen high on the political agenda. Existing methods for assessing transport-related environmental impacts typically depend on realized or modeled travel behavior. Many of them do not entail a spatial dimension, ignore the importance of the land use component, lack scenario building capabilities or have limited communication value. Consequently, accessibility analysis and planning could make a valuable contribution towards a low carbon transition, but needs to attune to the specific objective of reducing transport-related greenhouse gas emissions. This paper introduces a novel conceptualization of location-based accessibility, where CO2 emissions are used as a travel cost in place of time or monetary costs. By identifying and assessing options for interventions in the land use and transport system, carbon-based accessibility instruments might serve a number of potential decision-making purposes related to low carbon mobility planning. Carbon-based accessibility of a business park in the Munich region is analyzed in multiple scenarios to demonstrate the application potential of the method. The experiential application focuses on the effects of changes in vehicle efficiency and occupancy rates of both car and transit, but also compares the resulting carbon-based accessibility levels to alternative sites with the transport system unchanged. Applying carbon-based accessibility instruments to real-world planning issues could enhance strategic decision-making processes in the context of climate change mitigation.

ACS Style

Julia Kinigadner; Benjamin Büttner; Gebhard Wulfhorst; David Vale. Planning for low carbon mobility: Impacts of transport interventions and location on carbon-based accessibility. Journal of Transport Geography 2020, 87, 102797 .

AMA Style

Julia Kinigadner, Benjamin Büttner, Gebhard Wulfhorst, David Vale. Planning for low carbon mobility: Impacts of transport interventions and location on carbon-based accessibility. Journal of Transport Geography. 2020; 87 ():102797.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julia Kinigadner; Benjamin Büttner; Gebhard Wulfhorst; David Vale. 2020. "Planning for low carbon mobility: Impacts of transport interventions and location on carbon-based accessibility." Journal of Transport Geography 87, no. : 102797.

Book chapter
Published: 27 August 2016 in Sustainable Mobility in Metropolitan Regions
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The growing Munich region is facing increasing pressures on its housing market and its citizens’ everyday mobility. Rising land and rent prices are resulting in greater development of residential sites in peripheral locations and dispersed transport links on the regional level. This situation highlights an urgent need for coordinated control by decision makers on different scales of the Munich region. Along with the potential of rising mobility costs, the Munich region faces a significant risk of housing misallocation in relatively hard-to-reach locations on the regional level. The potential negative impact of these developments is exacerbated by shortages in fossil fuel supplies, political instability in oil-producing countries, and energy price increases (in the context of the energy turnaround). These scenarios were observed during the recent energy crisis and will inevitably lead to increases in mobility costs (Wegener 2009; Büttner, Wulfhorst 2013). In the context of rising energy prices, assessing the vulnerability of regions in terms of not only their exposure (e.g., their level of fossil fuel consumption) but also their sensitivity (average income) and resilience (accessibility of jobs by public transport) allows for a better identification of long-term sustainable planning opportunities. Such vulnerability assessments, which allow for methods of sustainably improving mobility to directly address mobility cost increases, can better prepare municipalities and their respective decision makers. For example, reshaping land-use with an emphasis on multi-functionality and density, enabling non-motorized transport, and enhancing community solutions (e.g., carpooling and community buses) all off er ways to increase the sustainability of vulnerable municipalities. Public decision makers and actors at the local and regional levels must make sustainable provisions for the future, taking increasing mobility costs into account in their decision-making processes on real estate and transport development. To do this, they need appropriate and accessible tools that can help them assess the possible effects of changes in mobility costs within their area of responsibility.

ACS Style

Benjamin Büttner. Sharp Increases in Mobility Costs: A Trigger for Sustainable Mobility. Sustainable Mobility in Metropolitan Regions 2016, 125 -153.

AMA Style

Benjamin Büttner. Sharp Increases in Mobility Costs: A Trigger for Sustainable Mobility. Sustainable Mobility in Metropolitan Regions. 2016; ():125-153.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benjamin Büttner. 2016. "Sharp Increases in Mobility Costs: A Trigger for Sustainable Mobility." Sustainable Mobility in Metropolitan Regions , no. : 125-153.