Tracking physical activity and sleep patterns using wearable trackers has become a current trend. However, little information exists about the comparability of wearable trackers measuring sleep. This study examined the comparability of wearable trackers for estimating sleep measurement with a sleep diary (SD) for three full nights. A convenience sample of 78 adults were recruited in this research with a mean age of 27.6 ± 11.0 years. Comparisons between wearable trackers and sleep outcomes were analyzed using the mean absolute percentage errors, Pearson correlations, Bland–Altman Plots, and equivalent testing. Trackers that showed the greatest equivalence with the SD for total sleep time were the Jawbone UP3 and Fitbit Charge Heart Rate (effect size = 0.09 and 0.23, respectively). The greatest equivalence with the SD for time in bed was seen with the SenseWear Armband, Garmin Vivosmart, and Jawbone UP3 (effect size = 0.09, 0.16, and 0.07, respectively). Some of the wearable trackers resulted in closer approximations to self-reported sleep outcomes than a previously sleep research-grade device, these trackers offer a lower-cost alternative to tracking sleep in healthy populations.

Sixty-four percent of adults in America drink coffee daily, and caffeine is the main reason people tend to drink coffee habitually. Few studies have examined the association between caffeine and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The objective of this study was to examine the association between caffeine and all-cause and cause-specific mortality using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2014 database. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine 23,878 individuals 20 years and older. Daily caffeine intake was measured once at baseline. A total of 2206 deaths occurred, including 394 cardiovascular (CVD) deaths and 525 cancer deaths. Compared to those with a caffeine intake of 200 mg/day (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.88) after adjusting for potential confounders. The HRs for all-cause mortality were significantly lower in the participants with a caffeine intake of 100–200 mg/day (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67–0.91), and those with a caffeine intake of >200 mg/day (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.60–0.78). Subgroup analyses showed that caffeine may have different effects on all-cause mortality among different age and body mass index (BMI) groups. In conclusion, higher caffeine intake was associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality.

Diabetes self-care is explained as an illness-related coping behavior. Health literacy is an important predictor in self-care behaviors. However, little is known about their association with illness perception in Korean immigrants with diabetes. This study aimed to examine the relationships among health literacy, illness perception, and diabetes self-care in Korean-speaking immigrants with diabetes. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020. A convenience sample of 52 Korean adults with diabetes in Dallas-Fort Worth areas completed a survey. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25) with statistical significance at α < .05. The mean of health literacy was high (11.1, SD = 1.1, ranges 0–12). There were no statistically significant associations between health literacy, illness perception, and diabetes self-care. Language barriers are considered a literacy issue, but health literacy and limited English proficiency must be approached differently by health care providers.

Background: In COVID-19 survivors, symptom burden is a significant and multifaceted personal and societal challenge. The Omaha system is a standardized terminology used by researchers and clinicians for documentation and analysis of meaningful data for whole-person health. Given the urgent need for a standardized symptom checklist specific to the long COVID population, the purpose of the present study was to identify long COVID symptoms from the published literature (native symptoms) and map those to the Omaha system signs/symptoms terms. Methods: The long COVID symptoms identified from 13 literatures were mapped to the Omaha system signs/symptoms, using an expert consensus approach. The criteria for mapping were that the long COVID signs/symptoms had to contain either a one-to-one match (exact meaning of the native terms and the signs/symptoms) or a partial match (similar but not exact meaning). Results: The synthesis of the 217 native symptoms of long COVID and mapping analysis to the Omaha problems and signs/symptoms level resulted in a combined, deduplicated, and standardized list of 74 signs/symptoms for 23 problems. Of these, 72 (97.3%) of native signs/symptoms were a full match at the problem level, and 67 (90.5%) of native signs/symptoms were a full or partial match at the sign/symptoms level. Conclusions: The present study is the first step in identifying a standardized evidence-based symptom checklist for long COVID patients. This checklist may be used in practice and research for assessment, tracking, and intervention planning as well as longitudinal analysis of symptom resolution and intervention effectiveness.

To examine the associations of heart failure (HF) with five domains of disability while controlling for covariates. Subjects with HF and aged ≥ 50 years were selected from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Five domains of disability were measured with 19 physical tasks. Logistic regression with adjustment for covariates was conducted. The prevalence of HF in 27,185 adults aged ≥ 50 years was 6.37%. After controlling for demographics and smoking, logistic regression showed that HF was associated with 2.8 to 3.4 times increased odds of all domains of disability compared to adults without HF, but with additional adjustments of covariates, the association was attenuated indicating the mediating effects of covariates. The future study may examine the mediating effects of covariates when intervening difficulties with lower extremity mobility and activities of daily living while considering in community-dwelling older adults with HF.