Despite recent progress in the research of people’s emotional response to the environment, the built—rather than natural—environment’s emotional effects have not yet been thoroughly examined. In response to this knowledge gap, we recruited 26 participants and scrutinized their emotional response to various urban street scenes through an immersive exposure experiment using virtual reality. We utilized new physiological monitoring technologies that enable synchronized observation of the participants’ electroencephalography, electrodermal activity, and heart rate, as well as their subjective indicators. With the newly introduced measurement for the global visual patterns of the built environment, we built statistical models to examine people’s emotional response to the physical element configuration and color composition of street scenes. We found that more diverse and less fragmented scenes inspired positive emotional feelings. We also found (in)consistency among the physiological and subjective indicators, indicating a potentially interesting neural−physiological interpretation for the classic form−function dichotomy in architecture. Besides the practical implications on promoting physical environment design, this study combined objective physiology-monitoring technology and questionnaire-based research techniques to demonstrate a better approach to quantify environment−emotion relationships.

The New Retail is an emerging e-commerce model in recent years. It claims innovation in creating competitive advantages through intensive Internet-based data to promote online-to-offline interactions. Whether this self-claimed innovation would cause a different rationale in the choice of store locations is a subject worthy of investigation. In this article, taking Beijing’s Starbucks and Luckin coffee stores as cases, we build a two-layer business location choice model to examine the problem. The model consists of a macroscale (city-wide) submodel and a microscale (street block) submodel. Results show that the macroscale store location choice logics for the two are consistent, with differences predicted by economic geographical laws, thus rejecting the hypothesis of the big-data-driven location choice advantage for the New Retail. Results from the microscale model, however, suggest that the difference between the two brands is better explained with cognition and behavioral theories, where the delivery agents, rather than the customers’ environmental cognition characteristics, shape the New Retail’s peculiar store location preference over less “fancy” urban locales. We argue this unique location preference is indeed something new in the New Retail. We conclude the article with discussions on the relevance of the cognitive and behavioral perspectives in the business location choice problem, and suggest incorporating the microscale layer that explicitly considers these aspects in addressing the problem in real-world settings.