This study used fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) to evaluate students’ performance in an environmental economics course under the mode of online and offline blended teaching (OOBT). OOBT was a new teaching mode combining traditional offline teaching with online teaching platform, which could improve students’ after-class learning efficiency and eliminate the limitations of traditional classroom teaching by using an online teaching platform. However, at present, the evaluation methods of OOBT students’ achievement have been scarce. Therefore, this article adopted FAHP to evaluate students’ performance under OOBT. The evaluated course was environmental economics. The results showed that FAHP was not completely dependent on students’ paper scores, and could evaluate students’ scores from group work, attendance, class discussions, and other aspects. The use of OOBT and FAHP led to overall improvement in students’ scores, the average score increased by 7.38, and 81.55% of students were in the middle grade. The case study showed that the integration of FAHP into OOBT could scientifically assign the weight of each evaluation index, make complex performance evaluation problems organized, and fully reflect the comprehensive quality of students. It could also understand students’ dynamics in time, and continuously optimize the course structure according to the feedback information.
12 February 2024 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
Urban fugitive dust is a significant contributor to atmospheric PM2.5 and a potential risk to humans. In 2019, both road dust and construction dust were collected from four cities, including Xi’an, Xianyang, Baoji, and Tongchuan, in Guanzhong Plain, China. Elements, water-soluble ions, and carbonaceous fractions were determined to establish the chemical source profile. High enrichment degrees of Se, Sc, Cl, and Zn in both road dust and construction dust indicated that the industrial system and energy consumption influenced Guanzhong Plain strongly. According to the coefficient of divergence, the two datasets within Xianyang and Tongchuan were similar. Combined with the chemical profile, road dust was affected by more stationary emission sources than construction dust in Xi’an, while biomass burning and vehicle exhaust contributed more to road dust than construction dust in Baoji. Moreover, the health risk of heavy metal was assessed, and corresponding influencing factors were identified. Road dust in all cities showed a non-negligible non-carcinogenic risk for children. Ingestion and inhalation were the main exposure pathways to which As and Co contributed the most, respectively. The land-use regression model revealed that the first-class road in a 100 m radius impacted all high-risk level metals, and the commercial building material and enterprises weakly influenced Co and Pb, respectively.