A novel adsorbent, based on modifying graphene oxide (GO) chemically with 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (2-PTSC) as ligand, was designed by facile process for removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution. Characterization of the adsorbent was performed using various techniques, such as FT-IR, XRD, XPS, SEM and AFM analysis. The adsorption capacity was affected by variables such as adsorbent dosage, pH solution, Hg(2+) initial concentration and sonicating time. These variables were optimized by rotatable central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM). The predictive model for Hg(II) adsorption was constructed and applied to find the best conditions at which the responses were maximized. In this conditions, the adsorption capacity of this adsorbent for Hg(2+) ions was calculated to be 309mgg(-1) that was higher than that of GO. Appling the ultrasound power combined with adsorption method was very efficient in shortening the removal time of Hg(2+) ions by enhancing the dispersion of adsorbent and metal ions in solution and effective interactions among them. The adsorption process was well described by second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model in which the maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) was found to be 555mgg(-1) for adsorption of Hg(2+) ions over the obtained adsorbent. The performance of adsorbent was examined on the real wastewaters and confirmed the applicability of adsorbent for practical applications.

The excessive release of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO₂) pollution, has resulted in significant environmental problems all over the world. CO₂ capture technologies offer a very effective means of combating global warming, climate change, and promoting sustainable economic growth. In this work, UiO-66-NH₂ was synthesized by the novel sonochemical method in only one hour. This material was characterized through PXRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, BET, and TGA methods. The CO₂ capture potential of the presented material was investigated through the analysis of gas isotherms under varying pressure conditions, encompassing both low and high-pressure regions. Remarkably, this adsorbent manifested a notable augmentation in CO₂ adsorption capacity (3.2 mmol/g), achieving an approximate enhancement of 0.9 mmol/g, when compared to conventional solvothermal techniques (2.3 mmol/g) at 25 °C and 1 bar. To accurately represent the experimental findings, three isotherm, and kinetic models were used to fit the experimental data in which the Langmuir model and the Elovich model exhibited the best fit with R² values of 0.999 and 0.981, respectively. Isosteric heat evaluation showed values higher than 80 kJ/mol which indicates chemisorption between the adsorbent surface and the adsorbate. Furthermore, the selectivity of the adsorbent was examined using the Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST), which showed a high value of 202 towards CO₂ adsorption under simulated flue gas conditions. To evaluate the durability and performance of the material over consecutive adsorption–desorption processes, cyclic tests were conducted. Interestingly, these tests demonstrated only 0.6 mmol/g capacity decrease for sonochemical UiO-66-NH₂ throughout 8 consecutive cycles.

In this work, zinc ferrite nanoparticles were prepared by a one-pot microwave assisted combustion in the solid state with a controllable power up to 900 W and a tunable time of up to 20 min. Then, the ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were encapsulated in an organoclay using ultrasound assisted impregnation to obtain a zinc ferrite/organoclay nanocomposite as a magnetic heterostructured adsorbent. The combustion reactions were performed in a reaction set-up manufactured from an alumina crucible encircled by a jacket of CuO as a microwave absorbing layer. This workpiece absorbs the distributed microwaves and supplies calcination conditions without any external heat source to prepare a pure phase of zinc ferrite. The effects of the microwave power and the time parameters on the structural and morphological features of the samples are discussed in detail. The adsorption performance of the products for water purification of some dye pollutants was also studied. The UV-Vis results showed that the addition of the as-prepared magnetic nanoparticles to the exfoliated organoclay considerably increased the adsorption of organic dye pollutants from an aqueous solution. Magnetic hysteresis measurements were performed on a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showing the soft paramagnetic properties of the resulting products at room temperature. The structural and morphological analyses were also investigated in detail.

Zeolite faujasite is widely used as a catalyst in many industrial catalytic applications. In this study, synthesis and characterization of magnetic zeolite Y–palladium–nickel ferrite were studied. First, palladium nanoparticles were combined with nickel ferrite and then placed on zeolite Y by ultrasonic treatment. The structure and morphology of the synthesized magnetic zeolite Y–palladium–nickel ferrite were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, vibrating sample magnetometer, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy analysis. Also, we investigated the catalytic activity of this prepared zeolite in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction between phenylboronic acid and aryl halides. Our study shows that magnetic zeolite Y–palladium–nickel ferrite is a suitable catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. Short reaction time, high yield, and easy reusability are the advantages of using this catalyst in carbon–carbon cross-coupling reactions.