Malnutrition is a global phenomenon that mainly affects children under five years old, the elderly and food insecure people. It can be linked to undernourishment or overnutrition. To prevent it, a healthy and balanced diet, rich in energy and micronutrients, is necessary. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional composition and contribution of tomato by-products to prevent and reduce malnutrition. Thus, standard methods were used for proximate composition and bioactive compounds. Results showed that tomato by-products are rich in macronutrients and micronutrients capable of preventing undernutrition and reducing the incidence of the effects of overnutrition. The average carbohydrate, protein and lipid contents were 15.43%, 11.71% and 5.4% (DM) in peels and for seeds the contents were 58.75%, 15.4% and 22.2%, respectively. The average energy values were 280.47 kcal/100 g and 472.8 kcal/100 g DM for peels and seeds, respectively. The main minerals found were, in decreasing order, potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron and zinc. High contents of phenolic compounds, lycopene, β-carotene and vitamin C were also found in these by-products. They also presented important antioxidant activities. Due to their nutritional and bioactive compounds, tomato by-products may be included in functional food formulation programs to reduce the incidence of nutritional diseases.

The use of local plant extracts in drinking water purification represents a sustainable alternative in the fight against diseases linked to unsafe water consumption in rural areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of four local plant extracts used in rural areas of Burkina Faso to purify drinking water: Moringa oleifera seeds, Boscia senegalensis seeds, Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes, and Aloe vera leaves. These four extracts were then subjected to biochemical screening to identify phytocompounds, followed by quantification and evaluation of their antibacterial properties on ten pathogenic bacterial strains. The screening results revealed the presence of a variety of molecules (phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponosides, etc.) in the different extracts studied. From a quantitative point of view, M. oleifera and B. senegalensis seeds showed a high total protein content (34.5 and 24.6 g/100 g DM). A. vera and O. ficus-indica extracts showed high levels of total carbohydrates (20.4 and 35.52 g/100 g DM) compared with total lipids and proteins. The same applies to phenolic compounds, which were also high in A. vera and O. ficus-indica extracts (17.42 and 26.5 mg GAE/100 mg DM) compared to M. oleifera and B. senegalensis seeds. In terms of antibacterial properties, the four extracts studied showed inhibition diameters ranging from 7.33 to 16.33 mm. These results reflect the ability of the different extracts to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms present in water. Overall, this study stands out for its innovative character, offering an in‐depth understanding of the biochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of four distinct extracts of local plants commonly used in traditional drinking water purification practices. It enriches existing knowledge by providing new data on the biochemical composition and bioactivity of these extracts. In particular, the study highlights the synergistic effects of the bioactive compounds present, underlining their essential role in improving the sanitary quality of water consumed in rural areas, where sustainable and accessible solutions are crucial.

This study consisted in the formulation and evaluation of the organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological qualities of nectars and jam prepared from Vitex doniana fruit. Nectars (five types) consisted of two acidulated with lemon, two acidulated with tamarind with pH values of 3.45 and 3.55, and a control. Jams (three types) were made as one acidulated with lemon, one acidulated with tamarind with a pH value of 3.88, and a control with a pH value of 4.44. The Brix values were 10.75 and 60.00 for all nectars and jam, respectively. The total sugar content of the nectars ranged from 9.52 ± 0.04 (NC1) to 9.11 ± 0.03% (T) and that of the jams from 58.27 ± 0.02% to 49.97 ± 0.01%. It appeared that prepared nectar and jam samples were of good microbiological quality, confirming compliance with good hygiene and manufacturing practices throughout the process and compliance with Algerian and Luxembourg standards.

Tiger nut milk (TNM), called “horchata,” is a widely appreciated drink in Burkina Faso. However, its consumption may affect human health. Due to the absence of adequate heat treatment during production, failure to observe Good Hygiene Practices and Good Manufacturing Practices (GHP/GMP), and improper storage, it should be a source of development of foodborne pathogens. This study aims to evaluate the biochemical and microbiological quality of TNM consumed in Burkina Faso. A total of 120 TNM samples were collected from four regions in Burkina Faso. The tiger nut ( Cyperus esculentus L .) was grown in agro‐ecological conditions. The samples were analyzed following standard procedures. The results showed that, for the biochemical parameters, the values ranged from 12.4 ± 1.34 to 17.6 ± 2.97°Bx, 5.84 ± 0.36 to 6.40 ± 0.11 for pH, 0.448 ± 0.49 to 0.849 ± 0.41% for lactic acid titratable acidity, 15.79 ± 0.16 to 16.92 ± 0.16% for total proteins, and 17.52 ± 0.09 to 18.64 ± 0.01% for total sugar contents. The microbiological quality assessment revealed the absence of E. coli, spore‐forming sulfite‐reducing anaerobes, and Salmonella sp. The mean total mesophilic aerobic flora (TMAF) load was 2.81 × 10 ⁵ ± 0.96 CFU/mL. The yeasts and molds (YM) had an average load of 7.25 × 10 ² ± 1.93 CFU/mL. The mean total coliform load was 2.24 × 10 ² ± 0.91 CFU/mL ( p value < 0.05), and the mean thermotolerant coliform load was less than 1 CFU/mL. TNM samples contained reasonable levels of nutrients potentially beneficial to consumer health, but were contaminated with varying levels of pathogenic microorganisms, including S. aureus and B. cereus . Therefore, to ensure product safety, pasteurization of TNM along with strict hygiene and manufacturing practices is recommended.

The reputation of tea in West Africa suffers because the market relies entirely on imports, facing extreme logistical, security, and climatic challenges that threaten tea quality. To measure these impacts, a study evaluated 38 brands stored under Sahelian conditions. Packaging surveys, biochemical tests, and antioxidant profiles allowed us to segment the tea market into quality clusters using a chemometric method (HAC). The study found clear non-compliance: 13.2% of samples had fungal risk (moisture > 8%), and 57.5% showed oxidative degradation (pH < 4.5) and an imbalance in phytochemical, functional, and pigment profiles. These results segmented the local market into three clusters, mostly composed of chemically depleted teas, suggesting adulteration. By revealing the surplus of adulterated teas, these results stress the urgent need for corrective action to protect consumers.