Christian Blad

Mr. Christian Blad

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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

6Years (2021-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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29 August 2022 in Energy
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
CBChristian Blad
Christian Blad
SBSimon Bøgh
Simon Bøgh
CKCarsten Skovmose Kallesøe
Carsten Skovmose Kallesøe

3 March 2023 in Applied Energy
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
CBChristian Blad
Christian Blad
SBSimon Bøgh
Simon Bøgh
CKC. Kallesøe
C. Kallesøe
PRPaul Raftery
Paul Raftery

9 November 2021 in Energies
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
CBChristian Blad
Christian Blad
SBSimon Bøgh
Simon Bøgh
Carsten KallesøeCarsten Kallesøe
Carsten Kallesøe
This paper addresses the challenge of minimizing training time for the control of Heating, Ventilation, and Air-conditioning (HVAC) systems with online Reinforcement Learning (RL). This is done by developing a novel approach to Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) to HVAC systems. In this paper, the environment formed by the HVAC system is formulated as a Markov Game (MG) in a general sum setting. The MARL algorithm is designed in a decentralized structure, where only relevant states are shared between agents, and actions are shared in a sequence, which are sensible from a system’s point of view. The simulation environment is a domestic house located in Denmark and designed to resemble an average house. The heat source in the house is an air-to-water heat pump, and the HVAC system is an Underfloor Heating system (UFH). The house is subjected to weather changes from a data set collected in Copenhagen in 2006, spanning the entire year except for June, July, and August, where heat is not required. It is shown that: (1) When comparing Single Agent Reinforcement Learning (SARL) and MARL, training time can be reduced by 70% for a four temperature-zone UFH system, (2) the agent can learn and generalize over seasons, (3) the cost of heating can be reduced by 19% or the equivalent to 750 kWh of electric energy per year for an average Danish domestic house compared to a traditional control method, and (4) oscillations in the room temperature can be reduced by 40% when comparing the RL control methods with a traditional control method.