This work presents a Computer Vision prototype strategy for the automatic detection of mycotic infections on tomato crops. This Computer Vision method is based on the characterization of tomato leaflets (both healthy and early blight-infected regions of interest - ROIs) by color description (MPEG-7 standard descriptors). A small size ROI collection manually annotated by experts is used for both training and testing of a simple classifier (1-NN). The performance of each descriptor under study (Color Structure Descriptor, CSD; Color Layout descriptor, CLD; and Scalable Color Descriptor, SCD) is analysed by a nested-leave-one-out cross validation. The inner loop permits a individual descriptor configuration evaluation, while the outer loop yields an average performance comparison between different descriptors. Our results show that CSD had a better performance than SCD and CLD.

This exploratory study is part of the training and innovation project (GID2016-16) of the National University of Distance Education (UNED) in Spain. The current socioeconomic and educational contexts derived from COVID-19 has led university institutions to develop methodological innovations in the teaching-learning process. Among these strengthening measures are the MOOCs, the most appropriate strategy to bring students closer to new digital platforms that favor the acquisition of knowledge. A methodological pluralism, combining quantitative and qualitative perspectives, has been used. The main results of the descriptive analysis compare the data of students enrolled in the MOOC, “Social and Health Care and Social Services in Social Work”, and other related bachelor’s and master’s degree courses during the four years analyzed. One of the conclusions is the emerging possibility of offering university studies that are more in line with the current teleworking market. The development of online methodologies favors the democratization of education, reaching the student body as a whole and universalizing content and learning. Among the main conclusions, it is worth highlighting the degree of satisfaction shown by the students who took advantage of the MOOC, and the training opportunities afforded by MOOC courses, during the time of COVID-19.

Los temas más importantes recogidos, entre otros, en los libros blancos de las titulaciones universitarias de grado, publicados por la Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación (ANECA) son los relativos a las competencias profesionales. Por ello, los estudios para la adquisición y desarrollo de esas competencias resultan de gran utilidad para proceso iniciado con la Convergencia Europea Universitaria.Los resultados presentados se obtuvieron mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario diseñado con las competencias profesionales más importantes recogidas en el Libro Blanco de la Titulación de Grado en Trabajo Social. El objetivo metodológico fundamental pretendido fue aplicar algunas nociones básicas de la lógica difusa en el tratamiento informático de los datos del cuestionario, lo que metodológicamente supone cambios importantes en la influencia que ejerce la incertidumbre en su tratamiento, si se la compara con el tratamiento informático clásico de los cuestionarios de investigación.La participación activa de los estudiantes en su aprendizaje influye de forma positiva en la adquisición de compentencias profesionales, lo que supone considerar y utilizar la incertidumbre como una base fundamental de aprendizaje para crear nuevas formas y maneras de actuar e intervenir en la realidad de cada profesional. One of the most important items collected by the White Papers of university qualifications of degree -published by the National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation (ANECA)- are professional's skills.The results presented in this paper were obtained through the applying of a questionnaire made with the most important professional's skills, which are proposed by the White Paper of the Graduate Degree in Social Work.The main methodological aim was to apply some basic concepts on fuzzy logic through the processing of the research questionnaires. This means, methodically, very important changes in the influence of the uncertainty within the processing data when it is compared with the classic computer processing of the research questionnaires.The aim of our study (acquiring skills) leads to reflection and discussion about some significant findings in the monitoring of our main hypothesis: the active participation of the students in their own learning process has as a result a positive influence in acquiring professional skills. This, necessarily, involves considering and using the uncertainty as a fundamental basis to develop new ways to act and perform in the reality of each professional

The analysis of the resting-state functional connectome commonly relies on graph representations. However, the graph-based approach is restricted to pairwise interactions, not suitable to capture high-order interactions, that is, more than two regions. This work investigates the existence of cycles of synchronization emerging at the individual level in the resting-state fMRI dynamic. These cycles or loops correspond to more than three regions interacting in pairs surrounding a closed space in the resting dynamic. We devised a strategy for characterizing these loops on the fMRI resting state using persistent homology, a data analysis strategy based on topology aimed to characterize high-order connectivity features robustly. This approach describes the loops exhibited at the individual level on a population of 198 healthy controls. Results suggest that these synchronization cycles emerge robustly across different connectivity scales. In addition, these high-order features seem to be supported by a particular anatomical substrate. These topological loops constitute evidence of resting-state high-order arrangements of interaction hidden on classical pairwise models. These cycles may have implications for the synchronization mechanisms commonly described in the resting state.

This research note presents briefly the development of Education for Social Work in Spain. The year 2008 has marked the twenty-fifth anniversary of its incorporation into Spanish universities as an undergraduate degree. In addition, the academic year 2008–2009 has seen the introduction of the qualification, Doctor of Social Work. It also provides some thoughts about the academic situation and status of social work at a global level as a result of the domination of the English and Spanish languages. It also compares the development of social work with studies in other countries, and different forms of understanding of the basis of social work in Europe.