Citrus is one of the largest output fruits in the word. In China, the major orange variety is the Citrus reticulate Blanco (Ponkan). The peels are discarded as waste material, its comprehensive utilization is urgently needed. In this work, hydrodistillation method was developed to extract citrus essential oil (EO) from Blanco peel. With the optimal extraction conditions, the EO yield was more than 3%. By GC-MS analysis, 53 compounds were identified from the citrus EO. Terpenes compounds accounted for 71.2%, especially d-limonene (major composition) accounted for 58.9%. The obtained citrus EO showed remarkable antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes, Formerly P. acnes) and common microorganisms such as S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli. Even compared with the common antibiotics (such as erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline) for acne therapy, its antibacterial activity against C. acnes is more excellent. This work provides a potential therapy material for the treatment of acne.
Cauliflower‐like Co3O4/three‐dimensional (3D) graphene nanocomposite material was synthesized by a facile two‐step synthesis route (heat reduction of graphite oxide (GO) and hydrothermal synthesis of Co3O4). The phase composition, morphology, and structure of the as‐obtained products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical properties as supercapacitor electrode materials were systematically investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge‐discharge tests. It was found that the Co3O4/3D graphene composite showed a maximum specific capacitance of 863 F g−1, which was obtained by means of CVs at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1 in 6 M KOH aqueous solution. Moreover, the composite exhibited improved cycling stability after 1,000 cycles. The good supercapacitor performance is ascribed to the combination of 3D graphene and cauliflower‐like Co3O4, which leads to a strong synergistic effect to remarkably boost the utilization ratio of Co3O4 and graphene for high capacitance.
Supercritical fluid extraction and expansion (SFEE) patented technology combines the advantages of both supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and rapid expansion of supercritical solution (RESS) with on‐line coupling, which makes the nanoparticle formation feasible directly from matrix such as Chinese herbal medicine. Supercritical fluid extraction is a green separation technology, which has been developed for decades and widely applied in traditional Chinese medicines or natural active components. In this paper, a SFEE patented instrument was firstly built up and controlled by LABVIEW work stations. Stearic acid was used to verify the SFEE process at optimized condition; via adjusting the preexpansion pressure and temperature one can get different sizes of particles. Furthermore, stearic acid was purified during the SFEE process with HPLC‐ELSD detecting device; purity of stearic acid increased by 19%, and the device can purify stearic acid.