We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in differentiating between hepatic lesions. The prospective study included 117 patients with liver masses. Shear wave velocity (SWV) values for lesions were determined by ARFI imaging and compared statistically. The difference between SWV values for benign and malignant hepatic masses was significant (p < 0.01). The threshold SWV value for malignant hepatic lesions was established at 2.52 m/s, and the sensitivity and specificity of this cut-off value were 97% and 66%, respectively. We concluded that ARFI elastography provides supplementary data that aid in the differential diagnosis of liver masses.

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy in developed countries. While early-stage disease has favorable outcomes, advanced or recurrent EC remains associated with poor prognosis. Novel prognostic markers are needed to refine risk stratification. Systemic inflammation-based indices such as Pan-Immune Inflammation Value (PIV), Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI), and Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) have shown prognostic potential in solid tumors. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 78 patients with endometrioid EC who had undergone hysterectomy with adnexectomy and lymphadenectomy. Demographic, clinicopathological, and laboratory data were extracted from electronic medical records. PIV, SII, and SIRI were calculated from the preoperative complete blood counts. Survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis, while prognostic factors were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The median age was 59 years, and 64.1% of the patients presented with early-stage disease. A high PIV (≥802) was significantly associated with a shorter overall survival (64 vs. 111 months, p < 0.001). PIV demonstrated the highest discriminatory accuracy (AUC = 0.776), followed by the SII (0.747) and SIRI (0.718). Univariate analysis identified that age, grade, LVSI, PNI, stage, distant metastasis, and high PIV, SII, SIRI, and NLR were predictors of poor survival. Multivariate analysis confirmed grade, distant metastasis and SIRI ≥ 1.5 as independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Inflammation-based indices, particularly PIV and SIRI, correlated with survival outcomes in patients with EC. The SIRI retained an independent prognostic value, whereas PIV showed a strong discriminatory capacity. Incorporating these indices into established risk models may improve prognostic precision and support individualized management.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether early detection of brain metastases (BMs) could improve survival outcomes in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer patients. Material and Methods: HER2-positive breast cancer patients without BMs who had no neurological symptoms within 12 months from diagnosis or relapse time of the disease were included in the study. The patients were distributed into 2 groups: Group 1 comprised patients without metastases; group 2 comprised patients with metastases. The symptomatic historic control group with BMs was defined retrospectively for survival comparisons. Results: 55 (57.3%) and 41 (42.7%) patients were in groups 1 and 2, respectively. 11 of the 96 patients (11.5%) had occult BMs, and 9 of them were in group 2 whereas only 2 patients were in group 1 (22% vs. 3.6%, respectively; p = 0.008). While the median survival times from the first metastasis (28.7 vs. 22.5 months, respectively; p = 0.561) and BM (6.8 vs. 6.1 months, respectively; p = 0.511) were similar, cerebral death was numerically different (16.7% vs. 46.3%; p = 0.221) between asymptomatic (n = 9) and symptomatic patients (n = 53). Conclusions: BMs were detected very rarely in asymptomatic, non-metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer patients compared with asymptomatic, metastatic patients. Furthermore, although early detection of BMs decreases the cerebral death rate, it does not prolong the survival rate in metastatic patients.

Amaç: Meme kanseri kadınlar arasında en sık görülen ve en fazla ölüme neden olan kanser tipidir. Meme kanseri oluşumunda birçok tümör supresör gen, onkogen ve DNA tamir genleri rol oynamaktadır. Tümör supresör genlerden BRCA-1-2 meme kanserine yol açtığı bilinen genlerdir. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde başka bölgelerde yapılmış olan BRCA-1-2 genlerinde ki sık görülen polimorfizm mutasyonların kendi bölgemizdeki sıklığı araştırıldı. Araştırmamızda Dicle Üniversitesi Onkoloji Bilim Dalında meme kanseri tanısı almış genç yaş (44 yaş altı) grubu 96 hastanın tümör dokusundan çalışıldı. BRCA-1 (rs16942, rs1799966) ve BRCA-2 (rs144848, rs1799944) genlerine ait polimorfik mutasyonları PCR özgül belirleme grubundan Hibridizasyon Prob Yöntemiyle “LightCycler” PCR cihazı kullanılarak belirlemeyi amaçladık. Bulgular: Çalışma hastalarının BRCA-1 genine ait rs16942’de 14 (%14,5) adet homozigot (GG), 55 (%57,3) adet heterozigot (AG) ; rs1799966’ da 18 (%18,7) adet homozigot (GG), 46 (%47,9) adet heterozigot (AG); BRCA-2 genine ait rs144848’ de 9 (%9,37) adet homozigot (TT), 25 (%26,04) adet heterozigot (GT); rs1799944’ de de 2 (%2,08) adet homozigot (GG), 3 (%3,12) adet heterozigot (AG) hastada polimorfik gen mutasyonları saptadık. Bu mutasyonların hastalık yaş grubu, evre, grade, ER pozitifliği ve HER-2 pozitifliği ile ilişkili olmadığını saptadık. Yaş ile mutasyon sıklığı bakıldığında 35 yaş altında, evre 2 ve evre 3’ de, grade 2 ve grade 3’de mutasyon oranları numerik olarak artmakla beraber p değerinin klinik bir anlamlılık yoktu. Sonuç: Bölgemiz açısından BRCA-1-2 polimorfizm mutasyonları önemli oranda olup hasta bireylerin ve ailelerin taranması önemlidir. BRCA-1/BRCA-2 deki bu polimorfizm mutasyonlarının yaş, evre, grade, ER durumu, HER durumu ile ilişkisinin olmadığını saptadık.

Objective: The rates of and the factors influencing HER2 discordance in patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer are investigated. Methods: This study retrospectively examines the r... Plain language summary HER2 is an important and targetable molecule in breast cancer. In the early stages of breast cancer, a treatment modality called neoadjuvant therapy, which now includes anti-...