Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), which integrates the Urban Rail Transit (URT) and surrounding land-use planning, is a noteworthy way to achieve sustainable development of URT. Stations with different function orientations have different development goals. However, there are limited studies that focus on the TOD planning with distinct station types. This study aims to propose a method to fill this gap. Commercial and residential development types are two dominating Station-TOD types. In this study, a multi-objective TOD planning model which integrates urban rail transit station, commercial, residential and public land-uses is proposed. The objectives focus on land value, ridership of URT, the compactness and commercial accessibility of land cells. Meanwhile, a two-phase solution algorithm based on genetic algorithm is designed to search for a set of Pareto solutions of alternative land-use plans. Two URT stations in Beijing are taken as case studies. One is Sidaoqiao station as a commercial-dominating type case, the other one is Pingxifu station as a residential-dominating type case. The results show that the optimized plan is more reasonable than the current plan. Both of the cases demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model and algorithm.

The passenger flow assignment in the rail transit network is the basis for determining the passenger spatiotemporal distribution and train operation organization plan. In previous studies, the passenger flow assignment problem mainly focused on lines within the same rail system. Few studies focus on lines with the integrated mode of cross-line and skip-stop operation between state and suburban railway due to fewer cases in practice. In this study, passenger congestion and fare policy are taken into account in the generalized travel cost function, and a passenger flow assignment model based on the path-sized logit (PSL) model considering train capacity is proposed. Meanwhile, a schedule-based spatiotemporal digraph is established to search for the shortest spatiotemporal travel path. Furthermore, an improved method of successive averages (MSA) algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model. The proposed model is verified by a numerical example. The sensitivities of three main parameters which influence the results are also analyzed. The results show that the assignment model based on PSL is practicable in integrated operation mode. The higher the passenger’s familiarity with network information, the more accurate the assignment results. State trains are more attractive when the fare is lower than 0.5 CNY/km or the hourly wage is higher than 50 CNY/h.

A combination of express and local trains (E/L mode) is generally used to operate a suburban rail service, it can meet the rapid and direct service needs of long-distance travelers as well the needs of short-distance travelers. Generally, a stop plan is the core of the E/L mode. A stop plan optimization model in E/L mode, which aims to minimize the total passenger travel time and the number of operating trains during the peak period with the safe headway and departure frequency constraints, is proposed in this study. Meanwhile, an algorithm based on a genetic algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model. A case study of the Jiangjin Line, a suburban railway in Chongqing, China, is carried out. The results show the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed method. The calculation results also show that the total passenger travel time under E/L mode with the overtaking condition is significantly reduced compared with the all-stops (AS) mode and E/L mode without overtaking condition. The superiority of the E/L mode can be enhanced by reducing the dwell time at stations and adopting the overtaking condition.

For the reliability-oriented sensitivity analysis with respect to the parameters of input variables, by introducing the copula function to describe the joint probability distribution with dependent input variables, the reliability-oriented sensitivity can be decomposed into independent sensitivity and dependent sensitivity, which can be used to measure the influence of distribution parameters separately. Since the parameters of multivariate copula function are difficult to be estimated and not flexible in high dimension, the bivariate copulas are preferred in practice. Then, the vine copula model is employed to transform the multivariate joint probability density function (PDF) into the product of multiple bivariate copulas and marginal PDF of all variables. Based on copula theory, the computation of reliability-oriented sensitivity with dependent variables can be transformed into the computation of a score function for each marginal PDF and the computation of a copula score function for each pair-copula PDF involved in the vine factorization. A general numerical approach is proposed to compute the separate sensitivity. Then, some numerical examples and engineering applications are employed to validate the rationality of the proposed method.