Due to increasing concern about plastic waste and its impact on the ecosystem, it is vital to understand tourists’ behavioral intentions about plastic waste reduction on beaches. There have been several studies that have used the theory of planned behavior to investigate pro-environmental behaviors or intentions, but there are few specific research studies that have extended the theory of planned behavior by adding awareness of consequences to explain the power of behavioral intention. Accordingly, this paper aimed to investigate how awareness of consequences, subjective norms, attitudes, and behavioral control dimensions influence plastic waste behavioral intention on Jeddah’s beaches, in Saudi Arabia. This was performed on a random sample of 390 local tourists in Jeddah city from June to August 2023. A total of 340 of them agreed and answered the questionnaire, yielding a percentage response rate of 87%. This produced 271 valid questionnaires for data analysis after closely examining the survey. A self-complete questionnaire was used for data collection in using multiple statistical analyses to examine the hypotheses. The results demonstrated a positive influence of subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and consequence awareness on environmental behavioral intention. On the other hand, attitude did not significantly contribute to predict environmental behavioral intention. This study’s findings made clear how crucial it is to consider any potential negative effects while making plans to cut down on plastic trash. Educating people about the possible harm that using plastic products on beaches is anticipated to cause to the environment might also be beneficial. It is intended that, through understanding behavior and behavior determinants, governmental bodies, pro-environmental organizations, businesses, and communities will be able to implement appropriate strategies to reduce the use of plastic in Saudi Arabia to protect marine life.

This study aims to investigate the impact of the Hail International Rally event on the host community of Hail. A survey was conducted among a random sample of Hail local residents which was selected in a convenient manner from various public places. The data collection was conducted starting from the last week of March 2016 (the period of organizing the event and continued till after the end of a month. Out of 250 questionnaires that were distributed, only 137 ones were returned, yielding 127 completed and usable packets. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the level of support and the positive impact perceived regarding urban facilities, economic benefits except the contribution of the event to achieve the commercial boom for small businesses, image, cultural communication, entertainment, community participation, and social relations.

This study explores the factors influencing local residents’ participation in conserving heritage, extending the framework of the motivation, opportunity, and ability (MOA) theory by integrating the notion of place attachment. This study focuses on the level of participation at the inscribed Jubbah Town WHS, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from a simple random sample of Jubbah residents and was subjected to multiple statistical analyses for testing the hypotheses. The findings of PLS-SEM showed no significant relationship between positive perception and community participation in Jubbah; however, negative perception significantly affected participation levels. Interest in decision-making affected only the low participation levels. Aspects like opportunities, awareness, place affection, dependability, and location identification positively affected community participation but negatively impacted positive perceptions.

This paper aimed to investigate how awareness of negative consequences, subjective norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control dimensions influence pro-environmental behavioral intention to conserve four world heritage sites (Jeddah, Mada’in Saleh, Diriyah, and Jubbah) and to identify the spatial distribution of archeological sites in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from a simple random sample of local residents in the four sites that was then subjected to multiple statistical analyses to test the hypotheses. Two thousand, three hundred, and forty-two local inhabitants responded to the two thousand, seven hundred, and fifty questionnaires that were delivered, accounting for a response rate of 85.1%, resulting in two thousand, two hundred, and ninety valid questionnaires for data analysis after closely examining the survey. Structural analysis revealed significant relationships within the adapted model, particularly in the context of heritage relics. The findings of PLS-SEM showed a positive influence of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and awareness of negative consequences on pro-environmental behavioral intention. In addition, the findings revealed that attitude significantly moderates the impact of awareness of negative consequences on pro-environmental behavioral intention.

This paper aims to measure the impact of ECSR activities on employee job performance in the hospitality and tourism industry in the city of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Despite the growing importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employee work performance, little is known about the correlations between socially responsible actions taken by businesses and the job performance of their employees. To overcome this gap, we explore the impact of ECSR on job performance, with an emphasis on chosen tourist and hospitality establishments in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Through structured questionnaires which were distributed during the period (March-May 2021), direct effects of predictors were tested using partial least square–structure equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with data from employees of hospitality and tourism establishments at Hail city, KSA. Overall, 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 242 were returned, resulting in the inclusion of 174 valid survey responses in the final data analysis. The PLS-SEM results show that the direct effects on job performance of initiatives related to awareness, charities, and support of basic projects are significant. This study adds to the CSR literature by demonstrating the sequential mechanism whereby employees’ perceptions of ECSR affect their job performance. This study is conducted for the first time at Hail city, thus rendering it unique.