This paper highlights a practical approach for management and orchestration (MANO) of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) based on Open Source MANO (OSM). We have proposed a testbed that uses the Open Source Orchestration Platform for OSM to manage and orchestrate Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Our testbed has two Virtual Infrastructure Managers (VIMs, OpenStack) logically located in a separate area, which places us in a Wide Area Network (WAN) context. The concept of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has been implemented through an Open Network Operating System (ONOS) controller managing the traffic between the different VIMs. Our experiments show that the solution is feasible, with latency, jitter, packet loss and Mean Opinion Score all within the required range.

Universal access is crucial for the development of any society, as no part of the world should be without the benefit of information and communication technology (ICT) services today. The International Telecommunications Union, the United Nations agency for telecommunication development, notes that the major barrier to the deployment and dissemination of ICT networks and services is hardware cost. To overcome this problem, a combination of Software-Defined Networking and access point (WiFi and wire) architecture is investigated in this paper. Voice and video conference call services are considered with particular attention to the problem of jitter. The impact of the traffic level is evaluated based on the occupied bandwidth. The various tests performed on the considered equipment show that the proposed solution could be cost-effectively deployed to reach rural and underserved communities, thereby enhancing social and economic development.

This paper presents a functional solution for the management and orchestration (MANO) of the Network Function Virtualization (NFV), based on Open Source MANO (OSM). Two different Virtual Infrastructure Managers (VIMs) were tested: OpenVIM and OpenStack. Following the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) requirements two experimental scenarios were devised: (1) with OpenVIM in test mode: two Ubuntu 16.04.6 virtual machines (VMs), hosted by different physical computers, acted as two virtual infrastructure managers (VIMs); one of them was collocated with Open Source MANO (OSM); (2) with OpenStack as a VIM and OSM running on an Ubuntu 18.04 virtual machine. The experimental results helped us defined some best practices for integrating OSM with both VIMs. In the future, we plan on extending the infrastructure orchestrated by OSM to include an SDN controller and several clouds acting as VIMs.

Many rural and remote areas throughout the world lack appropriate connectivity, resulting in a rising digital divide (particularly in sub-Saharan Africa). For several years, prominent laboratories and institutions have prioritized research on rural broadband. Several solutions are being tested around the world. Our interest in network slicing as an approach is presented in this paper. We propose an implementation, management, and orchestration of network slices in the core network. We drew on earlier research to create a practical and scalable testbed that considers the setting and demands of rural communities. We have also highlighted key areas in rural areas (agriculture, health, and education) that could be addressed and positively impacted by our testbed. After we built our testbed, we ran a throughput test on each slice we made. The results show that our testbed is working properly.

This paper examines a practical approach for Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) management and orchestration (MANO) based on the Open Source MANO (OSM). The proposed testbed uses the OSM Open Source orchestration platform, in order to handle and orchestrate the NFV Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) in OpenStack used as Virtual Infrastructure Manager (VIM). On top of this, we implemented Software-Defined Networking (SDN) by means of the Open Network Operating System (ONOS) controller and Open vSwitch. Our experiments show that the solution is feasible, with the latency, jitter, packet-loss and Mean Opinion Score (MOS) all within the range.

The allocation of frequencies to new generations of mobile networks is becoming an issue for the responsible organizations, as frequencies are scarce resources in telecommunications. The irregular use of frequencies by mobile telecom terminals creates free channel time slots, known as "holes," during periods of terminal inactivity on these frequencies. Frequency resources are limited and costly, so they require effective management.Radio resource management is a key control strategy for wireless communication systems. This mechanism involves strategies and algorithms for controlling parameters such as frequency planning, link budgeting, modulation techniques, access methods, and frequency reuse.In this paper, the performance limitations of 6G secondary users accessing the network using dynamic spectrum sharing solutions are investigated. Three different approaches are considered. The simulation results highlight the trade-off in reducing the frequency band allocation while increasing the number of 6G access nodes.