A large amount of coal gasification slag is produced every year in China. However, most of the current disposal is into landfills, which causes serious harm to the environment. In this research, coal gasification fine slag residual carbon porous material (GFSA) was prepared using gasification fine slag foam flotation obtained carbon residue (GFSF) as raw material and an adsorbent to carry out an adsorption test on waste liquid containing methylene blue (MB). The effects of activation parameters (GFSF/KOH ratio mass ratio, activation temperature, and activation time) on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of GFSA were investigated. The total specific surface area and pore volume of GSFA with the highest CEC were 574.02 m²/g and 0.467 cm³/g, respectively. The degree of pore formation had an important effect on CEC. The maximum adsorption capacity of GFSA on MB was 19.18 mg/g in the MB adsorption test. The effects of pH, adsorption time, amount of adsorbent, and initial MB concentration on adsorption efficiency were studied. Langmuir isotherm and quasi second-order kinetic model have a good fitting effect on the adsorption isotherm and kinetic model of MB.

The conversion of solid waste into energy through combustion is sustainable and economical. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate and quantify the co-combustion characteristics, synergistic catalysis, and gaseous pollutant emission patterns of sewage sludge (SS) and coal gasification fine slag residual carbon (RC) as well as their blends through thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The results showed that the co-combustion of SS and RC can not only improve the ignition and burnout property but also maintain the combustion stability and comprehensive combustion performance at a better level. The kinetic analysis results showed that a first-order chemical reaction and three-dimensional diffusion are the reaction mechanisms during the co-combustion of SS and RC. The synergistic catalysis between SS and RC can well explain the changes in activation energy and reaction mechanism. Furthermore, the blending ratio of SS is recommended to be maintained at 40% because of the lowest activation energy (E_a = 81.6 kJ/mol) and the strongest synergistic effect ($X_i$ = 0.36). The emission of gaseous pollutants is corresponding to the primary combustion stages of SS, RC, and their blends. In co-combustion, the NH₃, HCN, NO_x, and SO₂ emissions gradually rise with the increase of SS proportion in the blends due to the high content of organic compounds in SS.

As a kind of solid waste from coal chemical production, the disposal of coal gasification fine slag poses a certain threat to the environment and the human body. It is essential for gasification slag (GS) to realize rational utilization. GS contains fewer combustible materials, and the high heating value is only 9.31 MJ/Kg, which is difficult to burn in combustion devices solely. The co-combustion behavior of the tri-fuel blends, including bituminous coal (BC), gasification slag (GS), and bamboo residue (BR), was observed by a thermogravimetric analyzer. The TGA results showed that the combustibility increased owing to the addition of BC and BR, and the ignition and burnout temperatures were lower than those of GS alone. The combustion characteristics of the blended samples became worse with the increase in the proportion of GS. The co-combustion process was divided into two main steps with obvious interactions (synergistic and antagonistic). The synergistic effect was mainly attributed to the catalysis of the ash-forming metals reserved with the three raw fuels and the diffusion of oxygen in the rich pore channels of GS. The combustion reaction of blending samples was dominated by O1 and D3 models. The activation energy of the blending combustion decreased compared to the individual combustion of GS. The analysis of the results in this paper can provide some theoretical guidance for the resource utilization of fine slag.

Using bamboo powder biochar as raw material, high-quality meso/microporous controlled hierarchical porous carbon was prepared—through the catalysis of Fe³⁺ ions loading, in addition to a chemical activation method—and then used to adsorb copper ions in an aqueous solution. The preparation process mainly included two steps: load-alkali leaching and chemical activation. The porosity characteristics (specific surface area and mesopore ratio) were controlled by changing the K₂CO₃ impregnation ratio, activation temperature, and Fe³⁺ ions loading during the activation process. Additionally, three FBPC samples with different pore structures and characteristics were studied for copper adsorption. The results indicate that the adsorption performance of the bamboo powder biochar FBPC material was greatly affected by the meso/micropore ratio. FBPC _2.5-900-2%, impregnated at a K₂CO₃: biochar ratio of 2.5 and a Fe³⁺: biochar mass ratio of 2%, and activated at 900 °C for 2 h in N₂ atmosphere, has a very high specific surface area of 1996 m² g⁻¹ with a 58.1% mesoporous ratio. Moreover, it exhibits an excellent adsorption capacity of 256 mg g⁻¹ and rapid adsorption kinetics for copper ions. The experimental results show that it is feasible to control the hierarchical pore structure of bamboo biochar-derived carbons as a high-performance adsorbent to remove copper ions from water.