A simple approach aligned with dynamic catalysis principles was successfully applied in a study of hydrosilylation reactions. The readily available Pt₂dba₃ complex formed a “cocktail”-type system with comparable performance to known catalysts.

High-temperature organic chemistry represents a transformative approach for accessing reaction pathways previously considered unattainable under conventional conditions. This study focuses on a high-temperature synthesis as a powerful method for performing solution-phase organic reactions at temperatures up to 500 °C. Using the isomerization of N-substituted pyrazoles as a model reaction, we demonstrate the ability to overcome activation energy barriers of 50–70 kcal mol⁻¹, achieving product yields up to 50% within reaction times as short as five minutes. The methodology is environmentally friendly, leveraging standard glass capillaries and p-xylene as a solvent. The significance of high-temperature synthesis lies in its simplicity, efficiency, and ability to address the limitations of traditional methods in solution chemistry. Kinetic studies and DFT calculations validate the experimental findings and provide insights into the reaction mechanism. The method holds broad appeal due to its potential to access diverse compounds relevant to pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. By expanding the scope of accessible reactions, this exploration of experimental possibilities opens a new frontier in synthetic chemistry, enabling the exploration of previously inaccessible transformations. This study establishes a new direction for further innovations in organic synthesis, fostering advancements in both fundamental research and practical applications.

Fine chemical synthesis is the key area of industry and academic research, with a strong focus on catalytic C–C bond formation targeted at drug design, biologically active compounds and new materials. Until recently, such catalytic technologies had been employed without a rigorous analysis of a plausible ecological impact, which is now a key question that cannot be neglected. In this work, we experimentally classified the complete range of harmful compounds used in common Sonogashira and Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reactions by means of bio-Profiles (bio-Strips) built on the basis of 24 h CC₅₀ values of individual reaction substances measured in three cell lines of different origins. For a comprehensive evaluation, 864 individual reactions and 2592 bio-Strips supplemented with bio-factors (BFs) and cytotoxicity potentials (CPs) were evaluated. According to the results, from the viewpoint of the contribution of the tested chemicals to the “overall cytotoxicity” of the synthetic routes analyzed, close attention should be paid to the selection of the catalysts due to their high cytotoxicity and to the solvents because they are used in significant quantities in the reaction. The choice of the base can also have a significant impact on the bio-Profile, whereas the effect of the starting materials seems lower in comparison. We also describe a new approach to unambiguous and quantitative comparisons of biological objects (in this case, cell cultures) in terms of their response to the continually varying conditions in reaction systems. In addition, we support the earlier-suggested notion that the choice of a particular cell line for CC₅₀ measurements can be of secondary importance for the resulting bio-Strips. Nevertheless, the actual cytotoxicity of a given compound should not be ignored when selecting the participant components for a target reaction, as evidenced by the newly introduced “tumor selectivity index” (tSI) of individual chemicals. A detailed analysis of these two practically important catalytic reactions also provides a guide and a global view for assessing the bio-risks of other catalytic processes.

Sparkling drinks such as cola can be considered an affordable and inexpensive starting material consisting of carbohydrates and sulfur- and nitrogen-containing organic substances in phosphoric acid, which makes them an excellent precursor for the production of heteroatom-doped carbon materials. In this study, heteroatom-doped carbon materials were successfully prepared in a quick and simple manner using direct carbonization of regular cola and diet cola. The low content of carbon in diet cola allowed reaching a higher level of phosphorus in the prepared carbon material, as well as obtaining additional doping with nitrogen and sulfur due to the presence of sweeteners and caffeine. Effects of carbon support doping with phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur, as well as of changes in textural properties by ball milling, on the catalytic activity of palladium catalysts were investigated in the Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck reactions. Contributions of the heteroatom doping and specific surface area of the carbon supports to the increased activity of supported catalysts were discussed. Additionally, the possibility of these reactions to proceed in 40% potable ethanol was studied. Moreover, transformation of various palladium particles (complexes and nanoparticles) in the reaction medium was detected by mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, which evidenced the formation of a cocktail of catalysts in a commercial 40% ethanol/water solution.