Oil and gas pipelines are part of long-distance transportation projects which pass through areas with complex geological conditions and which are prone to geological disasters. Geological disasters significantly affect the safety of pipeline operations. Therefore, it is essential to conduct geological disaster risk assessments in areas along pipelines to ensure efficient pipeline operation, and to provide theoretical support for early warning and forecasting of geological disasters. In this study, the pipeline routes of the Sichuan-Chongqing and Western Hubei management offices of the Sichuan-East Gas Transmission Project were studied. Seven topographic factors—surface elevation, topographic slope, topographic aspect, plane curvature, stratum lithology, rainfall, and vegetation coverage index—were superimposed using the laying method with a total of eight evaluation indicators. The quantitative relationships between the factors and geological disasters were obtained using the geographic information system (GIS) and weight of evidence (WOE). The backpropagation neural network (BP) was optimised using a genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain the weight of each evaluation index. The quantified index was then utilized to identify the geological hazard risk zone along the pipeline. The results showed that the laying method, stratum lithology, and normalised difference vegetation index were the factors influencing hazards.

With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the impact of the construction of large-scale deep and circular foundation pits (LDCFPs) on the surrounding environment has become increasingly prominent; however, there is no definite standard for the design theory and construction method of the retaining structure of LDCFPs; therefore, the such standard needs further research and exploration. The paper is based on the LDCFP engineering of a subway station in Wuhan, China. Two partitioned excavation methods (step-by-step and synchronous excavation) of LDCFP were discussed by numerical simulation; the deformation characteristics of the soil around the foundation pit, the lateral deformation of the retaining structure in each partitioned district, and the distribution of the supporting axial force were analyzed; the deformation law of LDCFP was revealed; and the safe and economic excavation method was determined. The field monitoring test was carried out to reveal the deformation characteristics and stress evolution behavior for the supporting structure of the LDCFP in the subway station. It was concluded that the construction method of synchronous partitioned excavation in the same layer is more conducive to controlling the overall deformation, with the deformation of the circular retaining structure being uniform and the “vault effect” of the circular retaining structure having a certain constraint on the deformation of the foundation pit. The research results can provide guidance for the design and construction of supporting engineering and similar engineering.

This paper analyzes the typical landslides caused by pipeline construction and the characteristics of landslides during the construction period, and assesses the risk to the long gas and oil pipeline project in China caused by landslides during its construction. Using the semiquantitative risk assessment method and introducing the concept of risk degree, according to the assessment of risk and vulnerability, a landslide disaster risk assessing index system was established after summarizing the causative disaster factors of the landslide disasters induced by the construction of the China-Myanmar pipeline project. Three typical disaster points induced by pipeline construction were chosen to make a risk grade evaluation. The results of site reviews show the evaluation results coincide with the actual situation. Thus, semiquantitative evaluation methods can be used as a reference to guide the landslide disasters developed portion of pipeline construction risk control.

Mud and water often gush suddenly during the construction process of deep buried karst tunnels, which may cause serious accidents and result in major economic losses. Accordingly, for tunnels buried in deep rich water districts, discovering how to effectively control water gushing and ensure the stability of surrounding rock has great influence on the safety of engineering construction. The case study in this paper simulates the water-rich section of Dou-mo tunnel from Shanghai to Kunming of China. Numerical analysis was used to simulate the construction of the curtain grouting section and to evaluate the effects of the various curtain grouting parameters. The optimal grouting parameters were selected and then evaluated by applying them to the grouting method. The results show that (1) the grouting effect is the most notable one when the thickness of the grouting circle is outside the 4 m range of the tunnel contour. (2) In the same circle, the grouting quantity of the same ring is presented as a wave form. Therefore the number of the same ring grouting holes should reduce and increase the distance between the adjacent grouting holes appropriately to reduce the number of grouting holes and speed up the grouting progress.

With the increase in the use of high-speed trains, karst collapse disasters have become increasingly prominent during the construction and operation of railway projects. To study the propagation characteristics of vibration wave caused by single and double railways in karst area, as well as the influence of sinkholes on the stability of the roadbed, a coupling model of vehicle-track-subgrade (including underlying sinkhole) considering track irregularity was established based on the geological engineering characteristics of a karst site. The results show that the subgrade stability is controlled by multiple factors related to the upper load, the stability of the caves, and the soil state; increasing the upper load of the track further develops the sinkhole and has a negative effect on the subgrade stability. The amplitude of vertical dynamic displacement on the subgrade surface can reach 1.31 mm under the superimposed effect of the vibration of double railways, which is approximately 50% higher than that of a single railway. Under the long-term cumulative effect of train vibrations, the sinkholes grow faster in dynamic displacement amplitude than the roadbed surface, and will lead to abrupt displacement of subgrade surface.

The Xiong’an New Area, a newly established national-level zone in China, faces the threat of land subsidence and ground fissure due to groundwater overexploitation and geothermal extraction, threatening urban safety. This study integrates time-series InSAR and GNSS monitoring to analyze spatiotemporal deformation patterns from 2017/05 to 2025/03. The key results show: (1) Three subsidence hotspots, namely northern Xiongxian (max. cumulative subsidence: 591 mm; 70 mm/yr), Luzhuang, and Liulizhuang, strongly correlate with geothermal wells and F4/F5 fault zones; (2) GNSS baseline analysis (e.g., XA01-XA02) reveals fissure-induced differential deformation (max. horizontal/vertical rates: 40.04 mm/yr and 19.8 mm/yr); and (3) InSAR–GNSS cross-validation confirms the high consistency of the results (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.86). Subsidence in Xiongxian is driven by geothermal/industrial groundwater use, without any seasonal variations, while Anxin exhibits agricultural pumping-linked seasonal fluctuations. The use of rooftop GNSS stations reduces multipath effects and improves urban monitoring accuracy. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity stems from coupled resource exploitation and tectonic activity. We propose prioritizing rooftop GNSS deployments to enhance east–west deformation monitoring. This framework balances regional and local-scale precision, offering a replicable solution for geological risk assessments in emerging cities.