When the ultra-high-speed elevator car-counterweight system runs opposite each other, significant piston effects are caused, seriously affecting the elevator operation's stability. In order to explore the aerodynamic characteristics of the whole operation process of a car-counterweight system under multi-parameters, this study first establishes a three-dimensional transient model of the car-counterweight system and a multi-region dynamic layering numerical simulation method based on this model is proposed. Then, the actual elevator experiment validates the correctness of the model and the method. Finally, the influence rules of key parameters on the car's aerodynamic characteristics and ventilation effect are analyzed, and the car's aerodynamic characteristics at intersection time are analyzed emphatically. The results show that with the increase in the blocking ratio, the pressure drag and viscous drag have similar change trends at each stage, but the influence of pressure drag is more significant. The air displacement ratio increases by 34.1%, 75.8%, and 117.3%, respectively. With the increase in the hoistway height, the air displacement ratio decreases by 0.9%, 2.4%, and 2.9%, respectively. The spacing significantly affects the car's aerodynamic characteristics at the intersection time. The drag peak increases by 6.8%, 13.6%, and 20.5% and the lift peak by 21.2%, 47.8%, and 82.5%, respectively.

In purpose of reducing the severe horizontal vibration of the high-speed elevator car system which is caused by the excitation of the guide rail, an adaptive sliding mode controller with fuzzy switching gain (FGASMC) is designed in this paper. At first, a 4-DOF active control dynamics model of the horizontal vibration of the elevator car is designed, on which the actuators are symmetrically distributed around the cabin center, and the accuracy of which is demonstrated by experiments. Considering the uncertainty caused by the load conditions, structural mass of the elevator, and the output gain of actuators, a Takagi-Sugeno (TS) model for controlling horizontal vibration of the car system is derived based on the designed 4-DOF dynamics model. Then, based on the TS model mentioned above, an adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) for suppressing the horizontal vibration of the car system is designed by a quadratic index method. To ensure the reachability of the sliding mode and keep the chattering smaller, the fuzzy method is utilized to adjust the switching gain of the ASMC. For that, an FGASMC is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified by MATLAB simulation. The results illustrate that the designed FGASMC can effectively suppress horizontal vibration of the high-speed elevator car system, and the control effect of which is obviously superior than the linear quadratic regulator optimized by genetic algorithm, which provides a new idea for active vibration reduction of high-speed elevator car.

The ultra-high-speed elevator car–counterweight system will experience substantial aerodynamic effects when operating at high speeds in the annular flow field, particularly at the moment of intersection. These effects will have a considerable impact on the stability of the elevator's operation. This study utilized the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the car–counterweight system's entire operation process. The ultra-high-speed elevator three-dimensional transient model is created using dynamic layering mesh technology and then validated through experiments. We investigate the impact of three crucial factors—acceleration, car height, and contact ratio—on the aerodynamic characteristics of the car and the ventilation effect in the hoistway. Specifically, we analyze the instantaneous variations in the aerodynamic force of the car during the intersection process. The results indicate a rapid change in the car's drag and lift at the moment of intersection, with a greater magnitude of change observed in the pressure drag. The acceleration increases gradually, while the drag peak at the intersection time decreases by 1.8%, 3.0%, and 3.6%, respectively. Additionally, the hoistway exhaust volume ratio decreases by 0.9%, 1.5%, and 2.0%. Compared to the drag peak, the lift peak is more responsive to variations in car height. The contact ratio exhibits a sequential increase, but the lift peak demonstrates an uneven upward pattern with increments of 3.07%, 10.35%, and 16.88%. This study greatly enhances the investigation of the aerodynamic characteristics of ultra-high-speed elevators and offers a crucial point of reference for optimizing elevator design in engineering.

Aiming at the inconsistency between the vibration of the car and the car frame in the actual operation of a high-speed elevator and the horizontal vibration caused by the roughness excitation of the guide rail, this study designs a gas–liquid active guide shoe and establishes a horizontal vibration model of the 8-DOF high-speed elevator car system separated from the car and the car frame. Then, the correctness of the model is verified by experiments. Based on this, a fuzzy neural network intelligent vibration reduction controller based on the Mamdani model is designed and simulated by MATLAB. The results show that the root mean square value, mean value, and maximum value of vibration acceleration are reduced by more than 55% after using the fuzzy neural network control method, and the suppression effect is better than that of BP neural network control. Therefore, the intelligent vibration absorption controller designed by this research institute can effectively suppress the horizontal vibration of high-speed elevators.

Aiming at the problem of transverse vibration of high-speed elevator caused by surface roughness excitation of guide rail and relative motion between car and car frame, firstly, this paper establishes an eight-degree-of-freedom active control model for the transverse vibration of the high-speed elevator separated of car from the car frame. Secondly, the transverse vibration state equation of the high-speed elevator is derived. The H ₂ norm is used to minimize the vibration acceleration of the car system. Based on Linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization technology, a robust controller for the high-speed elevator is designed. Finally, the robust controller is solved by MATLAB and its simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that the vibration of the car and the car frame is inconsistent in actual operation. At the same time, the simulation results also show that the root mean square value, mean value and maximum value of the acceleration of the transverse vibration of the car and the car frame are reduced by more than 19% after using the robust controller. Therefore, the robust controller designed in this paper can effectively suppress the transverse vibration of the vibration car system.