This study aimed to evaluate the herbicidal activity of ethyl acetate leaf extract of Ageratum conyzoides L. at different subfractions on Amaranthus spinosus L. The leaves of A. conyzoides were sequentially extracted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate respectively and fractionated by chromatography column. The extracts were applied to A. spinosus in pot assays at a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%. We applied A synthetic herbicide (2,4-D at 0.686 kg a.i. ha⁻¹) for positive control and distilled water for negative control. The A. conyzoides extracts strongly differed in their effect on weed control, shoot and root dry weight and root length of A. spinosus. The most inhibition on A. spinosus growth caused by application of ethyl acetate of A. conyzoides extracts subfraction A by 10% concentration can cause 100% destruction and subfraction B were 95% which both of them cause strongest death on A. spinosus compared with synthetic herbicide (2, 4-D) (23.33%) at 1 Day After Application, while subfraction C and D were not effective. Main constituents identified by GC-MS in subfraction A extract were tetradecanoic acid, ethyl ester (10.26%), precocene II (9.39%), octadecanal (8.23%), 9,12,15-octatadecatrienoic, methyl ester (7.32%), 10-heneicosene (c,t) (5.19%) and neophytadiene (5.09%); in subfraction B were 1-octadecyne (38.57%), phytol (11.24%), di-tert-utylphosphine-d (5.17%) and 1-hexadecine (4.08%); in subfraction C were allobarbital (8.53%), octadecanal (12.69%), and bannamurpanin (26.01%) and octadecanal (30.52%), bannamurpanin (24.06%), 1,8-cineole (15.75%), trans-dodec-5enal (12.28%) and phytol (8.26%) in subfraction D. The ethyl acetate extract subfraction A and B concentration 10% proved the promising control agent against A. spinosus.

A process called bioremediation can be used to turn abandoned mining sites into useful agricultural land. An alternative to enhancing the quality of the ex-siltstone mining soil so that it can be used again as agricultural land is the application of biocompost fertilizer. This study intends to investigate how biocompost might enhance the ex-siltstone mining soil’s quality in incubation treatments. The composition of biocompost used in this study is ingredient I: (a) cow manure = 50%; (b) chicken manure = 30%; (c) sand = 10%; (d) bacteria (bioactivator) = 10%; ingredient II: ingredient I is mixed with cow manure in a composition ratio of 1 : 2. The ex-mining soils were gathered in the ex-cement mining region of Lhoknga Subdistrict, Aceh Besar District (5.45°N, 95.2°E). Incubation experiments were conducted in incubation pots (approximately 5 kg per pot) that were randomly placed in a greenhouse using a 4 × 4 factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The first factor is the ratio of ex-siltstone mining soil : biocompost, which consists of four levels of comparison: control (ex-mining soil not incubated), 1 : 1 (50 : 50), 1 : 2 (33 : 67), and 1 : 3 (25 : 75). The second factor is the incubation period, which has four levels: 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks with 48 experimental units. Indicators of the impact of biocompost on the physical and chemical quality of ex-siltstone mining soil were examined. The result shows that bioremediation of ex-siltstone mining soil with biocompost application improves the quality of ex-siltstone mining soil by decreasing bulk density and permeability and also increasing porosity, decreasing soil pH from alkaline to neutral, and increasing soil organic C, total N, available P, and total K. The incubation period of ex-siltstone mining soil influences the changes and dynamics of the soil’s chemical properties.

Background: Water stress is one of the most crucial limiting factors in maize production on Ultisols. One solution that could be adopted to solve this problem is applying organic soil amendment. Methods: This study evaluated three varieties of corn: NK-Jumbo, Srikandi Kuning and Lamuru. The water stress treatment consists of 75% field capacity (without water stress) and 37.5% field capacity (water stress treatment). The organic amendment consists of without soil amendment, rice-straw 10 tons ha-1, biochar 10 tons ha-1 and rice straw 5 tons ha-1 + biochar 5 tons ha-1. A factorial, completely randomized design was used in this research. Result: Water stress and organic amendments affect total stomata, leaf curl, leaf area, proline content, shoot and root dry weight, shoot-root ratio and biomass production of corn. Applying organic amendments increases corn’s resistance to water stress, indicated by decreased plant proline content and increased biomass. The proline content of corn by application of organic amendment with rice straw 5 tons ha-1 + biochar 5 tons ha-1 (70.41 µ mol/g) was lower than the proline content of treatment without amendments (93.69 µ mol/g). NK-Jumbo was the most resistant variety to water stress conditions.

This research aims to determine the effect of varieties on the growth and yield of chili plants on the Andisol soil. This research was carried out at Lon Baroh, Lembah Seulawah District Aceh Besar, greenhouse and laboratory of plant physiology, Faculty of Agriculture of Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh from November to March 2019. The analysis of data used in this study was Randomized Block Design – non Factorial with 3 replications. There are 2 series of this research, Serie A and Series B. Serie A is used to collect data on growth and yield of chili plants and Serie B is used to collect data on mycorrhizal infection. The factors observed in this research were varieties. Varieties used are Lado F1 and Perintis. The result of this research showed varieties of chili plants highly significant take effect on plant height 15, 30 and 45 DAP, stem diameter 30 and 40 DAP, productive branch numbers, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit number and yield potential and significantly affect on stem diameter 45 DAP, root fresh weight, and root dry weight. The best growth and yield of chili plants is found in Lado F1 varieties.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis mikoriza, varietas dan interaksi jenis mikoriza dan varietas terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai pada tanah Incepticol. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Iesuum Krueng Raya Aceh Besar, Rumah Kaca dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh dari bulan Mei sampai September 2018. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 2 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis mikoriza dan varietas. Jenis mikoriza yang digunakan adalah Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp dan Campuran serta varietas yang digunakan adalah varietas Lado F1 dan Perintis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan jenis mikoriza berpengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman 30 dan 45 HSTdan jumlah cabang produktif. Jenis mikoriza terbaik terdapat pada jenis mikoriza campuran (Glomus mosseae dan Gigaspora sp). Pada varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 15,30 dan 45 HST, diameter batang 30 dan 40 HST dan jumlah cabang produktif serta berpengaruh nyata pada diameter batang 45 HST. Jenis varietas terbaik terdapat pada varietas Lado. Interaksi antara jenis mikoriza dan jenis varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 30 HST dan jumlah cabang produktif serta berpengaruh nyata pada diameter batang 30 HST.Interaksi antara jenis mikoriza dan varietas terbaik tedapat pada jenis mikoriza campuran (Glomus mosseae dan Gigaspora sp) dengan varietas Lado F1. The Effect of Mycorrhizal Types on the Growth of Some Chili Varieties in Incepticol Soil Krueng Raya Aceh Besar Abstract. This research aims to determine the effect of type of mycorrhiza, varieties, and interactions of mycorrhiza and varieties types on the growth and yield of chili plants on the Inceptisol land. This research was carried out at the Krueng Raya Iesuum Experimental Garden in Aceh Besar, greenhouse and laboratory of plant physiology, Faculty of Agriculture of Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh from Mei to September 2018. The analysis of data used in this study was Randomized Block Design -Factorial 3x2 with 3 replications. The factors observed in this research were the type of mycorrhiza and varieties. Types of mycorrhiza used are Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora, and the combination. Varieties used are Lado F1 and Perintis. The result of this research showed that types of mycorrhiza take effect significantly on plant height 30 dan 45 DAP and productive branch numbers. The mixed of mycorrhiza gives the best result on growth and yield of chili plant. The varieties of chili plants highly significant take effect on plant height 15, 30 and 45 DAP, stem diameter 30 and 40 HST and productive branch numbers and significantly affect on stem diameter 45 DAP. Lado F1 gives the best result on growth and yield. The interactions of mycorrhiza and varieties type highly significant take effect on plant height 30 HST and productive branch number and significantly take effect on stem diameter 30 HST. The combination of mixed mycorrhiza and Lado F1 treatment gives the best result on growth and yield of chili plants.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas cabai merah di tanah Andisol. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Oktober 2019 di Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar dan Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian lalu analisis dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan sehingga didapat 9 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan mencakup 27 unit percobaan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu pupuk hayati jenis mikoriza yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp. dan campuran antara Glomus mosseae and Gigaspora sp.) dan varietas yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (PM 999 F1, Lado F1, dan Perintis). Hasil penelitian ini adalah perlakuan jenis mikoriza berpengaruh terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman 15, 30 dan 45 HST, diameter batang 30 dan 45 HST, jumlah cabang produktif 60 HST, berat basah tanaman, berat kering tanaman, berat basah akar, berat kering akar, berat buah, panjang buah, jumlah buah, dan potensi hasil serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang 15 HST dan persentase kolonisasi mikoriza. Effect of Mycorrhiza Type on Growth and Yields Several Varieties of Red Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Andisol Soil Seulawah Valley of Aceh Besar This research aims to determine the effect of mycorrhiza type on the growth and yield several varieties of red chili on Andisol soil. This research was conducted from May to October 2019 in Lembah Seulawah District, Aceh Besar District and Greenhouse, and analysis was conducted at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. Analysis of the data used in this study was 3 x 3 Factorial Randomized Block Design with 3 replications so that 9 treatment combinations were obtained with 3 replications covering 27 experimental units. Factors studied were mycorrhiza biofertilizers consisting of 3 levels (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp. And a mixture of Glomus mosseae and Gigaspora sp.) and varieties consisting of 3 levels (PM 999 F1, Lado F1, and Perintis). The results of this study are the treatment of mycorrhiza type has a very significant effect on plant height parameters 15, 30 and 45 DAP, stem diameter 30 and 45 DAP, number of productive branches 60 DAP, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, root wet weight, root dry weight, fruit weight , fruit length, number of fruits, and yield potential and also have a significant effect on stem diameter 15 DAP and percentage of mycorrhiza colonization.