Prof. Dr. Qianghua Xu received her M.S. degree from the School of Life Sciences, Northwestern University, and her Ph.D. degree from the College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, majoring in Zoology. She was a Visiting Scholar (one year) at Kyushu University School of Life Sciences, Japan, and a Visiting Scholar (two years) at the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, USA. She is also a Shanghai “Shuguang Scholar”, “Pujiang Scholar”, “Young Science and Technology Star”, Shanghai Ocean University Ocean Scholar, and the first Seagull Scholar. Her main research interests are evolutionary mechanisms of animal adaptation in extreme environments and genetic resources mining, with a special focus on the adaptive molecular development and evolutionary mechanisms of animals under extremely low temperatures in Antarctica, low oxygen on the Tibetan Plateau, and extreme environmental conditions in the abyss.