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Prof. Yosef Jabareen
Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel

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0 Urban planning and practices
0 the risk city
0 justice and rights in cities
0 climate change and sustainability
0 and international comparative planning

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climate change and sustainability
the risk city
Urban planning and practices

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Journal article
Published: 16 April 2021 in Journal of Environmental Psychology
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Place attachment theory derives many insights from disruptions to place attachment, such as displacement, migration and changing landscapes. Development-induced displacement – a specific involuntary disruption to place attachment - invites a particular examination. This paper examines a lengthy process of development-induce displacement in Bangalore, India and draws new insights on place attachment as a structure and a process. The loss of routine and the sense of time-space continuity, in addition to the severe impoverishment that most displaced people encounter, are unpacked with security-exploratory model from interpersonal attachment theory and with the framework of urban ontological security. We argue that spatial routinization encapsulates the social and spatial attributes of continuity and forms the secure base needed to explore the world. Thus, positive and strong place attachment is established through the process of routinization (i.e., a secure base) that enables physical and mental space for exploration. Our findings strengthen the theoretical links between attachment and place attachment theories. Moreover, this study positions the act of displacement not only as obscuring material and citizenship rights of the displaced but also as depriving basic sense of humaneness.

ACS Style

Hirsh Helly; Eizenberg Efrat; Jabareen Yosef. Spatial routinization and a ‘secure base’ in displacement processes: Understanding place attachment through the security-exploratory cycle and urban ontological security frameworks. Journal of Environmental Psychology 2021, 75, 101612 .

AMA Style

Hirsh Helly, Eizenberg Efrat, Jabareen Yosef. Spatial routinization and a ‘secure base’ in displacement processes: Understanding place attachment through the security-exploratory cycle and urban ontological security frameworks. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2021; 75 ():101612.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hirsh Helly; Eizenberg Efrat; Jabareen Yosef. 2021. "Spatial routinization and a ‘secure base’ in displacement processes: Understanding place attachment through the security-exploratory cycle and urban ontological security frameworks." Journal of Environmental Psychology 75, no. : 101612.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Town Planning Review
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Yosef Jabareen; Efrat Eizenberg. The failure of urban forms under the COVID-19 epidemic: towards a more just urbanism. Town Planning Review 2021, 92, 57 -63.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen, Efrat Eizenberg. The failure of urban forms under the COVID-19 epidemic: towards a more just urbanism. Town Planning Review. 2021; 92 (1):57-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen; Efrat Eizenberg. 2021. "The failure of urban forms under the COVID-19 epidemic: towards a more just urbanism." Town Planning Review 92, no. 1: 57-63.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2019 in Landscape and Urban Planning
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This paper conceptualizes the way fear contributes to the formation of various urban landscapes of fear and safety. To this end, this study unravels the ongoing and mutually constitutive relations between perceptions of fear, spatial practices, and the formation of specific urban spaces, and it shows how together, these attributes portray a unique and multilayered sociospatial map of the city. To identify and examine the landscape of fear and safety, this study focuses on Jerusalem, a city of deep conflict between Israeli Jews and Palestinians. The empirical work is based on a sample of 625 residents from Jerusalem: 318 Jews and 307 Palestinians. By mapping their perceptions of fear and spatial practices, we are able to tell a new story about the city and its sociospatial divisions. We propose an understanding of the landscape of fear and safety through a three-pillar model that brings together the different actors, their (power) relations and an evolving urban landscape.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen; Efrat Eizenberg; Helly Hirsh. Urban landscapes of fear and safety: The case of Palestinians and Jews in Jerusalem. Landscape and Urban Planning 2019, 189, 46 -57.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen, Efrat Eizenberg, Helly Hirsh. Urban landscapes of fear and safety: The case of Palestinians and Jews in Jerusalem. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2019; 189 ():46-57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen; Efrat Eizenberg; Helly Hirsh. 2019. "Urban landscapes of fear and safety: The case of Palestinians and Jews in Jerusalem." Landscape and Urban Planning 189, no. : 46-57.

Articles
Published: 02 January 2019 in Space and Polity
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This article addresses the political and spatial agenda of the people of informalities. It conceptualizes insurgent informality as a discursive social reality, which is based on the struggle between the state hegemonic discourse regarding informal spaces and modes of space production and the countering-hegemonic discourse of communities. Based on empirical case, this paper interrogates the discourses of Israel and the its Arab communities regarding informal spaces. The analysis suggests that the state hegemonic discourse is articulated through three interrelated logics of difference, threat and spatiality. The countering discourse challenges the hegemonic discourse through its logic of justice, recognition, and protest.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen; Orwa Switat. Insurgent informality: the struggle over space production between the Israeli state and its Palestinian Bedouin communities. Space and Polity 2019, 23, 92 -113.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen, Orwa Switat. Insurgent informality: the struggle over space production between the Israeli state and its Palestinian Bedouin communities. Space and Polity. 2019; 23 (1):92-113.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen; Orwa Switat. 2019. "Insurgent informality: the struggle over space production between the Israeli state and its Palestinian Bedouin communities." Space and Polity 23, no. 1: 92-113.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2017 in Cities
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ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen; Efrat Eizenberg; Omri Zilberman. Conceptualizing urban ontological security: ‘Being-in-the-city’ and its social and spatial dimensions. Cities 2017, 68, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen, Efrat Eizenberg, Omri Zilberman. Conceptualizing urban ontological security: ‘Being-in-the-city’ and its social and spatial dimensions. Cities. 2017; 68 ():1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen; Efrat Eizenberg; Omri Zilberman. 2017. "Conceptualizing urban ontological security: ‘Being-in-the-city’ and its social and spatial dimensions." Cities 68, no. : 1-7.

Conference paper
Published: 22 February 2017 in Springer Proceedings in Energy
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A review of planning literature shows that there is a lack of a multifaceted evaluation framework that helps assessing the contribution of urban and community plans to sustainability and climate change in particular. This paper proposes a new conceptual framework for evaluating urban plans that aim to achieve sustainability and climate change objectives. Then it use it to evaluate the recent master plan for the city of New York: PlaNYC 2030. The conceptual framework is based on ten concepts. Each concept is composed of several criteria of evaluation. These concepts are: the concept of ethical paradox; the concept of equity; the concept of natural capital; the utopian concept; the concept of eco-energy; the concept of eco-form; the eco-nomics concept; the integrative concept; the concept of global agenda; the concept of consumption practices. The paper concludes with an application of the conceptual framework for evaluation on the recent plan of the city of New York, PlaNYC 2030, which includes the plan itself: “A Greener, Greater New York” (2007). The findings suggest that PlaNYC 2030 only partially addresses the concepts of sustainability and climate change. Moreover, it suggests some practical steps that the NY Plan could adopt in order to improve its sustainability level. Practically, the proposed matrix for evaluation appears to be an easy-to-grasp evaluation method, and should be easily understood and applied by scholars, practitioners, and policy makers.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. A New Evaluation Method Applying Sustainability and Climate Change Concepts: The Case of Planning New York City 2030. Springer Proceedings in Energy 2017, 289 -296.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. A New Evaluation Method Applying Sustainability and Climate Change Concepts: The Case of Planning New York City 2030. Springer Proceedings in Energy. 2017; ():289-296.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2017. "A New Evaluation Method Applying Sustainability and Climate Change Concepts: The Case of Planning New York City 2030." Springer Proceedings in Energy , no. : 289-296.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2017 in Sustainability
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There is a lack of theoretical and empirical studies regarding social sustainability. The literature reveals that the “social” was integrated late into debates on sustainable development. This paper aims to fill this gap and proposes a new conceptual framework of social sustainability. We suggest that risk is a constitutive concept of sustainability and that the contemporary conditions of risk resulting primarily from climate change and its ensuing uncertainties pose serious social, spatial, structural, and physical threats to contemporary human societies and their living spaces. Within the framework of sustainability, we propose that social sustainability strives to confront risk while addressing social concerns. Although we agree that without socially oriented practices, efforts to achieve sustainability will be undermined, as too many gaps exist in practice and theory. Thus, we propose a comprehensive Conceptual Framework of Social Sustainability, which is composed of four interrelated concepts of socially oriented practices, where each concept has a distinctive function in the framework and incorporates major social aspects. The concept of Equity encompasses three dimensions: recognition, which “revalues unjustly devalued identities”, redistribution, which suggests that the remedy for injustice is some form of economic restructuring, and parity of participation, which promotes substantive public involvement in the production of space. These efforts may, in turn, reduce alienation and enhance civility and a sense of community and place attachment. The concept of Safety is the ontological foundation of sustainability in general and social sustainability in particular. The concept refers to the right to not only be safe but adopt all measures of adaptation and security to prevent future casualties and physical harm. The concept of Eco-prosumption refers to modes of producing and gaining values in socially and environmentally responsible ways. The concept of Urban Forms represents the physical dimensions of socially desired urban and community physical forms. Eventually, a desired physical form should promote a sense of community, safety, health, and place attachment, among other environmental objectives.

ACS Style

Efrat Eizenberg; Yosef Jabareen. Social Sustainability: A New Conceptual Framework. Sustainability 2017, 9, 68 .

AMA Style

Efrat Eizenberg, Yosef Jabareen. Social Sustainability: A New Conceptual Framework. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (1):68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Efrat Eizenberg; Yosef Jabareen. 2017. "Social Sustainability: A New Conceptual Framework." Sustainability 9, no. 1: 68.

Research article
Published: 31 July 2016 in Planning Theory
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The major problem with theories of the right to the city is that they inherently assume that states are the sole provider of rights and that, in liberal–democratic countries, legal rights are conceptually universal and apply to all individuals equally. I challenge these assumptions and maintain that in some situations, when the state and its governing apparatus violate or deny the very basic rights of a social or ethnic collective, the group itself becomes an alternative source of informal rights. I conceive this violation of basic needs as a necessity state of affairs, which constitutes a true and proper source of law and it makes the right to space production and the right to necessity. Thus, the state of necessity is the source of these informal rights and law, and necessity gives them the legitimation they needs. The disadvantaged groups, the community, not the State, give it the legitimation they need. As Agamben suggests in his State of Exception, that necessity has no law and necessity creates it own law. From this perspective, the right to the production of space is a plane of contradictions and struggle over the distribution of resources and rights among people in general, and between the state and its local government and planning and development institutions in particular. Seen in this light, it is clear that the right to the production of space entails not only formal legal rights but also the informal rights, the right to necessity, generated and invoked by disadvantaged groups. The production of space, then, is born and reborn at the heart of the contradictions between formal and informal rights, and between the state’s planning apparatus and spatial agenda on the one hand and the status of disadvantaged groups on the other. The conceptual framework offered here seeks to resolve and overcome these contradictions through its contingent relations between legal rights, which are produced and distributed by the state, and the rights of necessity generated and invoked by the collective. From this perspective, the right to the production of space offers a normative framework for illuminating the relationship between the production of space, structure, and power relations at the state and city level and their relations with collective groups, as well as a means of struggle for basic rights of recognition and of the reorganization of urban society.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. The right to space production and the right to necessity: Insurgent versus legal rights of Palestinians in Jerusalem. Planning Theory 2016, 16, 6 -31.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. The right to space production and the right to necessity: Insurgent versus legal rights of Palestinians in Jerusalem. Planning Theory. 2016; 16 (1):6-31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2016. "The right to space production and the right to necessity: Insurgent versus legal rights of Palestinians in Jerusalem." Planning Theory 16, no. 1: 6-31.

Research article
Published: 09 July 2016 in Journal of Planning Education and Research
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The promotion of sense of community has been a significant element of the spatial planning agenda of planners in recent years. This paper aims to explore the combined influence of typological characteristics of urban neighborhoods, as well as, social and cultural components. This empirical study was conducted in Beer Sheva, the largest city in southern Israel. This paper concludes that in addition to typological components, sociocultural perceptions have a significant impact on sense of community. Furthermore, planners should therefore remain critical and highly circumspect of acts of physical planning meant to impact the social aspects of a community.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen; Omri Zilberman. Sidestepping Physical Determinism in Planning. Journal of Planning Education and Research 2016, 37, 18 -28.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen, Omri Zilberman. Sidestepping Physical Determinism in Planning. Journal of Planning Education and Research. 2016; 37 (1):18-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen; Omri Zilberman. 2016. "Sidestepping Physical Determinism in Planning." Journal of Planning Education and Research 37, no. 1: 18-28.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2015 in Geoforum
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Based on an examination of Israel’s territorial conceptions, strategies, and achievements since the establishment of the state, this article shows how state territoriality subsumes ideology and political agendas and may, under certain circumstances, lead the state to negate its very self-conceptions and harm its own perceived interests. Its analysis pays special attention to the state’s inadvertently produced territories of negation, which run counter to its own conception of territoriality, and considers the kind of social–spatial entities produced by the state. It also considers Israeli territoriality’s more recently asserted goal of shaping Israel as a Jewish and democratic state, in addition to the goals of controlling Jerusalem and Judaizing the Galilee and the Negev. To illustrate the theoretical assertion that discriminatory and marginalizing state territoriality has the distinct potential to bring about its own negation, the article concludes with two prominent expressions of this phenomenon. The first is manifested in green-line Israel, where the state’s territorial policies and the resulting marginalization of the Palestinian minority has resulted in collective resistance against the state and its policies, basic Jewish-Israeli symbols such as the anthem and the flag, and Israel’s very definition as a Jewish State. The second is manifested in Israel’s inadvertent creation of bi-national spaces both within Israel proper and in East Jerusalem and the West Bank, indirectly promoting the solution of a single bi-national state and posing a serious challenge to the very goals that Israeli territoriality has consistently strived to achieve.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Territoriality of negation: Co-production of “creative destruction” in Israel. Geoforum 2015, 66, 11 -25.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Territoriality of negation: Co-production of “creative destruction” in Israel. Geoforum. 2015; 66 ():11-25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Territoriality of negation: Co-production of “creative destruction” in Israel." Geoforum 66, no. : 11-25.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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In light of the complex challenges facing our cities, this chapter challenges the current planning practices of the risk city that are aimed at countering climate change. Climate change and its resulting uncertainties, it argues, call into question the practices, concepts, procedures, and scope of conventional approaches to planning, creating a need to rethink and revise current planning methods. In the following pages, we propose a conceptual planning framework for countering climate change in the urban context. Composed of six interlinking concepts, this new multifaceted easy-to-grasp framework—Planning for Countering Climate Change (PCCC)-stands to help scholars, practitioners, and policy makers better comprehend the role of policies and programs in countering climate change at the city level. PCCC is a praxis, an integration of theory and practices, which synthesizes the knowledge and the skills necessary to effectively manage and cope with climate change in the urban context.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Planning Practices for Cities Countering Climate Change. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 39 -62.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Planning Practices for Cities Countering Climate Change. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():39-62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Planning Practices for Cities Countering Climate Change." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 39-62.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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This chapter argues that the concept of risk is fundamental for understanding the challenges that climate change poses both to cities and to the theories and practices of urban planning, and explains why traditional planning theories are inadequate for meeting these challenges.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Theorizing the Risk City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 21 -38.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Theorizing the Risk City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():21-38.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Theorizing the Risk City." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 21-38.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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The risk city is future-oriented. Planning and practices of the risk city are also future-oriented. In this chapter I want to shed the light on understanding the resilience of the risk city and its futures, what I will call here: the risk city resilience trajectory. In other words, this chapter seeks to propose a conceptual framework for understanding future resilient of contemporary risk cities. Therefore, the main question in this chapter is how much our cities are resilient and how we can anticipate their trajectories in the future based on planning practices in the present. I suggest that a city’s resilience is composed of four interlinked dimensions: social, economic, environmental, and security resilience. Urban resilience is the totality of them. Yet, in this book, I focus on city resilience that is related to environmental crisis and climate change impacts and threats. This chapter aims to develop a theoretical framework for understanding and analyzing future urban resilience trajectories of the risk city. I employ the term risk city trajectory in conjunction with the term resilience to yield the concept of ‘Risk City Resilience Trajectories,’ or RCRT. RCRT can be used to assess and explain the direction, patterns, and properties of a given city with regard to its current and future resilience setting. This chapter suggests that “resilience requires frequent testing and evaluation” based on our experience and emerging knowledge on vulnerability and adaptation measures.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. The Risk City Resilience Trajectory. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 137 -159.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. The Risk City Resilience Trajectory. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():137-159.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "The Risk City Resilience Trajectory." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 137-159.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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A fundamental premise behind the risk city is that significant changes in risk perception may result in the production of new planning practices and initiatives on the part of the risk city. Accordingly, this chapter examines recently issued inclusive, master, strategic, and climate change action plans of cities around the world aimed at reducing risk through planning practices, and analyzes the visions and practices they propose for coping with the risk and threats stemming from climate change. My aim is not to quantitatively and rigorously assess these plans, but more to understand their aspirations and merits regarding coping with climate change impacts and coping with risk and uncertainties. This examination provides us with a valuable opportunity to compare the risk perceptions, the approaches to reducing risk and countering climate change, and the practical measures proposed by different cities around the world, from highly developed metropolises to less developed urban areas. The analysis offered here employs the Planning for Countering Climate Change (PCCC) assessment methods introduced in a previous chapter to examine existing city plans from around the world.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Planning Practices of the Risk City Around the World. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 105 -136.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Planning Practices of the Risk City Around the World. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():105-136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Planning Practices of the Risk City Around the World." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 105-136.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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Though cities have always been “risk cities,” this book argues that the cities of the contemporary postmodern world currently face a myriad of risks of unprecedented magnitude. For this reason–like contemporary societies, which are characterized by “the inherent pluralization of risks” they face (Beck in The reinvention of politics: Rethinking modernity in the global social order, trans. M. Ritter. Polity, Cambridge, p. 32, 1997)—our contemporary cities must also be understood in light of this constitutive concept. The already existing risks and constantly emerging new risks faced by the contemporary risk city have profound influence over urban social form and politics, from individuals and households to formal institutions and civil society. Risk, therefore, must be understood as a major force driving change and social transformation in urban societies. That being the case, it must also feature as a decisive concept in the theory and practice of urban planning. Moreover, risk, as a negative resource, is socially and spatially differentiated in the risk city, and therefore, it becomes a major concept of social and spatial inequality in cities.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Conclusions. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 197 -204.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Conclusions. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():197-204.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Conclusions." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 197-204.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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On October 29, 2012 Hurricane Sandy hit New York City with an extreme intensity unequalled by any coastal storm in modern history of the city. Forty-three New Yorkers lost their lives and tens of thousands were injured, temporally dislocated, or entirely displaced by the storm impact. This chapter assesses the resilience of New York City in coping with Hurricane Sandy. In other words, how New York City as a risk city cope with Hurricane Sandy. More specifically, this chapter aims to figure out the contribution of planning policies, and the recent plan of New York City, PlaNYC 2030, in particular to the efforts to make New York City more resilience in facing extreme storms, such as Sandy. The question at the heart of this chapter is whether planning efforts in New York City improved its ability to face this storm. This chapter aims to assess the planning policies that were designed to counter climate change impacts and the risk of environmental disasters in NYC, considering how NYC has prepared in recent years through planning and urban public policies targeting these issues. In this chapter, I argue that urban planning is supposed to play a significant role in efforts to cope with various risk and threats, including climate change impacts in cities and extreme events. In this chapter, I suggest a qualitative assessment method, which is based on the previous chapter, and which is not “rigorous” and “positivist” approach. It is an easy to grasp method, which the wide public, as well as decision makers, politicians, and practitioners may comprehend easily. The findings suggest that NYC planning policies were unable to “adequately” confront Hurricane Sandy; therefore NYC appears to be less resilient and unable to cope with future climate impacts.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. The Deficient Resilient Cities: Hurricane Sandy in New York City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 161 -177.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. The Deficient Resilient Cities: Hurricane Sandy in New York City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():161-177.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "The Deficient Resilient Cities: Hurricane Sandy in New York City." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 161-177.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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Climate change and its resulting uncertainties challenge evaluation-planning methods. There appears to be a need for a multifaceted evaluation framework to aid in assessing the potential contribution of urban plans to climate change practices. The aim of this paper is to propose a new conceptual framework for evaluating urban plans from the perspective of coping with climate change: Countering Climate Change Evaluation Method. The evaluation framework is based on theorizing of practices, which was presented in the previous chapter.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Assessment Methods: Planning Practices Countering Climate Change. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 63 -79.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Assessment Methods: Planning Practices Countering Climate Change. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():63-79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Assessment Methods: Planning Practices Countering Climate Change." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 63-79.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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Contemporary cities and their residents are currently facing phenomenal mounting levels of evolving risk and vulnerability stemming, inter alia, from social polarization, the growth of urban poverty levels, urban conflict and violence, terrorism, natural disasters, and, most recently, climate change. Cities have been contending with risks related to security and some aspects of environmental disasters since ancient times, and the intensive urbanization, growth, industrial development, and technological progress of the twentieth and early twenty-first century have compounded long-standing risks and uncertainties and created new ones.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Introduction. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Introduction. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Introduction." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 1-19.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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Moreover, risk, as a negative resource, is socially and spatially differentiated, and therefore, it becomes a major concept of social and spatial inequality in cities. Therefore, understanding the socially-spatially distribution of risk and uncertainties of the risk city is crucial for more effectively coping with risk and for achieving more than just policies for the most vulnerable populations. This chapter presents the concept of Urban Vulnerability Matrix which is a framework for analyzing the social-spatial distribution of risk and vulnerabilities in a city on one hand, and the adaptation measures on the other hand. It provides us with significant information regarding risk and uncertainties at the level of city, communities, and social groups. Eventually, the Urban Vulnerability Matrix allows us to understand in-depth the distribution of risk and uncertainties in one hand, and the existing and planned adaptation measure in a city. The Urban Vulnerability Matrix is critical and significant for the resilient city and for its contribution to the spatial and socio-economic mapping of future risks and vulnerabilities. The role of the UVM is to analyze and identify types, demography, intensity, scope, and spatial distribution of environmental risk, natural disasters, and future uncertainties in a city and its neighborhoods and communities. Significantly, UVM is also a tool for promoting more environmental and social justice. When we acknowledge and analyze the distribution of vulnerabilities by neighborhood and communities, and the existence of adaptation measures, it allows us to figure out the conditions of vulnerability and adaptation also among minority, immigrant, and poor communities. In addition, UVM contributes to our understanding of risk and uncertainty complexity at the community and city level. It will help us in building city future scenarios for planning adaptation measures and coping with threats. This chapter will focuses on risk that stem from climate change.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. The Inequality of the Risk City: Socio-Spatial Mapping the Risk City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 179 -195.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. The Inequality of the Risk City: Socio-Spatial Mapping the Risk City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():179-195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "The Inequality of the Risk City: Socio-Spatial Mapping the Risk City." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 179-195.

Book chapter
Published: 24 April 2015 in The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets
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Risk and uncertainties that climate change poses to our cities and communities are constitutive constructs in defining the contemporary risk city. Consequently, many cities and communities around the world are now grappling with climate change through a multitude of practices aimed at responding to these uncertainties and countering the worst of them. In other words, the risk city mobilizes its various planning and institutional frameworks in an effort to determine its own future rather than leaving it to the hand of fate. This chapter interrogates the nature of a recent climate change oriented plan of New York City, PlaNYC, and examines the role of the risk stemming from climate change in shaping its future planning. PlaNYC is an inclusive plan for a big city. This chapter applies the Countering Climate Change Evaluation Method (CCCEM) to the recent plan of New York City: PlaNYC 2030. Eventually, the assessment method of the CCCEM provides us with insights regarding the nature of planning policies and measures in coping with contemporary risk cities, specifically in the aspects of climate change. The assessment reveals that PlaNYC 2030 promotes greater compactness and density, mixed land use, sustainable transportation, greening, and utilization of underused land. It offers an ambitious vision of reducing emissions by 30 %. On the down side, the PlaNYC did not make a radical shift toward planning for climate change and adaptation. It inadequately addresses social planning issues that are crucial to New York City. Like other cities, New York is “socially differentiated” in terms of communities’ capacity to address the uncertainties of climate change, and the Plan fails to address issues facing vulnerable communities. Another critical shortcoming is the lack of a systematic procedure for public participation in the planning process throughout the city’s neighborhoods and among different social groups and stakeholders.

ACS Style

Yosef Jabareen. Contemporary Planning of the Risk City: The Case of New York City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets 2015, 81 -103.

AMA Style

Yosef Jabareen. Contemporary Planning of the Risk City: The Case of New York City. The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets. 2015; ():81-103.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yosef Jabareen. 2015. "Contemporary Planning of the Risk City: The Case of New York City." The Interrelationship Between Financial and Energy Markets , no. : 81-103.