The study describes significant outcomes of the ‘Metrology for Meteorology’ project, MeteoMet, which is an attempt to bridge the meteorological and metrological communities. The concept of traceability, an idea used in both fields but with a subtle difference in meaning, is at the heart of the project. For meteorology, a traceable measurement is the one that can be traced back to a particular instrument, time and location. From a metrological perspective, traceability further implies that the measurement can be traced back to a primary realization of the quantity being measured in terms of the base units of the International System of Units, the SI. These two perspectives reflect long‐standing differences in culture and practice and this project – and this study – represents only the first step towards better communication between the two communities.The 3 year MeteoMet project was funded by the European Metrology Research Program (EMRP) and involved 18 European National Metrological Institutes, 3 universities and 35 collaborating stakeholders including national meteorology organizations, research institutes, universities, associations and instrument companies.The project brought a metrological perspective to several long‐standing measurement problems in meteorology and climatology, varying from conventional ground‐based measurements to those made in the upper atmosphere. It included development and testing of novel instrumentation as well as improved calibration procedures and facilities, instrument intercomparison under realistic conditions and best practice dissemination. Additionally, the validation of historical temperature data series with respect to measurement uncertainties and a methodology for recalculation of the values were included.

Launched in 2011 within the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) of EURAMET, the joint research project ‘MeteoMet’—Metrology for Meteorology—is the largest EMRP consortium; national metrology institutes, universities, meteorological and climate agencies, research institutes, collaborators and manufacturers are working together, developing new metrological techniques, as well as improving existing ones, for use in meteorological observations and climate records. The project focuses on humidity in the upper and surface atmosphere, air temperature, surface and deep-sea temperatures, soil moisture, salinity, permafrost temperature, precipitation, and the snow albedo effect on air temperature. All tasks are performed using a rigorous metrological approach and include the design and study of new sensors, new calibration facilities, the investigation of sensor characteristics, improved techniques for measurements of essential climate variables with uncertainty evaluation, traceability, laboratory proficiency and the inclusion of field influencing parameters, long-lasting measurements, and campaigns in remote and extreme areas. The vision for MeteoMet is to take a step further towards establishing full data comparability, coherency, consistency, and long-term continuity, through a comprehensive evaluation of the measurement uncertainties for the quantities involved in the global climate observing systems and the derived observations. The improvement in quality of essential climate variables records, through the inclusion of measurement uncertainty budgets, will also highlight possible strategies for the reduction of the uncertainty. This contribution presents selected highlights of the MeteoMet project and reviews the main ongoing activities, tasks and deliverables, with a view to its possible future evolution and extended impact.

The aim of this paper is to present how a higher income can be achieved by developing a broader and more accurate planning framework and control perishability from stable to fork if it is possible to redirect the shipments in the case of increasing perishability dynamics or longer time delays on the roads. It also gives the answer to the question of how such a Supply Chain (SC) can be evaluated using Net Present Value (NPV) approach. The procedures include a real-time calculation and communication about the remaining shelf life (RSL) during transportation and other logistic manipulations from one chain node to another if the time to exceed the contractually stipulated Customer Remaining Shelf Life (CRSL) is distributed by known distribution. Planning and control on the skeleton of the extended material requirements planning (MRP) model are advised, where time delays and their impact on the CRSL can be easily calculated. The changes in the NPV at contractually stipulated CRSL are calculated dynamically in real-time. Smart devices, tracking temperature, humidity, and gas concentration enable such reports immediately after detecting a high probability that CRSL, as stipulated in a contract, will not be achieved, based on the known parameters of the exponential distribution of the remaining shelf life as a time to failure at each node of the graph. The model includes possibilities to deliver the meat to the local market or to the reverse logistics plants in the nodes of the remaining route, if the expected contractually stipulated CRSL becomes too high. On this way, shortening unnecessary routes further contributes to less pollution.