COVID-19 had a major impact on education, substantially stimulating the need for digital remote education. From paperback books to PDFs, from physical classes to e-conferencing, and from various traditional mechanisms of information transmission to systems that are driven by artificial intelligence and use adaptive learning approaches, all of these had to be adopted by both teachers and students. This paper analyzes the use of an adaptive learning system before and during the COVID-19 pandemic from a statistical point of view on a set of data gathered in Romania during a pilot project. The main data inputs are the number of students that enrolled for a certain course, the percentage of students that successfully completed it, and information about their age group, location and main area of interest. Our study finds that the use of artificial intelligence has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and, by analyzing the data obtained during the study, we managed to prove that artificial-intelligence-driven tools and systems have gained traction among all the parties involved in the educational process.

The article studies the current text processing tools based on Artificial Intelligence. A literature review is done emphasizing the dynamic evolution of AI-powered text analytics, having as its central tool ChatGPT and its capabilities. The focus is centered on the techniques and methods that are using embeddings in order to improve large language models (LLMs). In this paper is analyzed the current situation of the literature in terms of text processing using Retrieval-Augmented Generation and is highlighted the potential of this technology to enhance the interpretability and trust in applications critical, such as those related to education or business. AI has revolutionized natural language processing (NLP), which facilitated the machines to interpret and generate text efficiently and accurately. In addition, large language models with external knowledge bases have been developed. These are used to produce more accurate and contextually relevant text responses. This approach is called Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG is one of the most significant recent advancements in this field. Based on our study, two use cases are implemented to show the applicability of our study: one related to education and one related to business IT-related documents. The methodology describes the techniques used. This includes retrieval-augmented generation and embedding stored using vector databases. Our custom models are evaluated by comparing them to the general ones, without embeddings, showing superior performance. The article highlights remarkable progress in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which is used for AI text processing with a focus on business and education fields. Further in this paper, many of the most significant highlights are presented, which include a scalable framework for AI applications, a new integration of Retrieval-Augmented Generation and embeddings, practical application demonstrations, bridging gaps in the analysis op AI text, significant development in AI performance and optimizing educational and business processes.

This paper represents an analysis made using statistical methods of the influence of the number of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) specialists on the number of businesses that use and invest in technologies based on artificial intelligence (AI). Throughout the article, the authors analyze two sets of statistical data collected by Eurostat: the share of ICT specialists in the overall active population and the number of companies that use and invest in AI technologies, both datasets referring to the European Union. Using several statistical methods, such as normality tests, correlation analysis and regression analysis on the datasets, the results show that the relation between the number of ICT specialists and the number of businesses that use and invest in AI technologies is a positive one, which means that the bigger the share of ICT specialists in the overall active population, the more businesses will adopt and use AI technologies. Therefore, the conclusions emphasize the important role that ICT specialists play when discussing about raising the rate of adoption of newer technologies, based on AI and the content of the paper underlines the fact that the more businesses and companies use and invest in AI, the more these technologies will be used in other industries as well, such as finance and education, the least playing a critical role in forming the next generation of ICT specialists with a strong knowledge in the AI field. The role these specialists play in growing the rate of adoption of AI technologies is also confirmed by the literature review. Moreover, the paper also presents a series of conclusions relevant to entrepreneurs and teachers that are willing to include these kind of technologies into their daily activities and also a series of measures to stimulate the rate of adoption of artificial intelligence based technologies in the European Union.

Purpose – This article focusses on the impact generated on GDP growth by the number of graduates in the ICT domain of Romanian counties in the period 2014–2020. Research methodology – We have collected the number of ICT graduates, the GDP per inhabitant in EUR per Romanian county, the number of ICT employees, the number of information service activities employees from the National Institute of Statistics (Romania) and Eurostat. Additionally, we consolidate the correlation matrix and regression analysis for previous statistics indicators. Findings – We have revealed a strong correlation (85,77%) between the number of ICT graduates and the GDP per inhabitant in EUR per Romanian county, and very strong correlations between the number of ICT graduates and the number of ICT employees (94,80%) and the number of employees of information service activities (97,38%). Research limitations – The data set from the National Institute of Statistics (Romania) does not contain entries for every county, due to its statistical methodology, and other socioeconomic phenomena which contribute to the development of the ICT field were just enumerated, such as natality, immigration, and emigration. Practical implications – The study revealed that investment in ICT education (number of graduates) contributes to the local prosperity of communities, counties, and, in general, at the national level as GDP growth. Romanian government can utilize the outcomes of this paper to engage additional resources, funds from Ministry of Education, to develop a long-lived learning culture of ICT skills for the entire population. Originality/Value – The article methodologically highlights the most important ICT hubs in Romania, which are correlated with the existence of an ICT educational infrastructure (high schools and universities) and the measure of impact on GDP growth for the number of highly skilled graduates in the ICT domain. The selected national and European indicators contributed to the novelty of this study.