Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of exercise on individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) across multiple health outcomes. Data Sources: PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Academic Search complete, Sport Discuss, and ERIC databases. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Interventional studies published between 2000 and 2018 focused on evaluating the effectiveness of exercise interventions in adults with AUD. Data Extraction: This protocol was prepared using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocols standard and the Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies guidelines. Data Synthesis: Physical activity levels/fitness [VO ₂ max (Oxygen Uptake) and HRmax (Maximum Heart Rate)], levels of depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, quality of life, and alcohol consumption (number of standard drinks consumed per day and per week). Results: The findings indicated that exercise significantly improved physical fitness as assessed by VO ₂ max (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.487, P < .05) and HRmax (SMD: 0.717, P < .05). Similarly, exercise significantly improved mental health as assessed by quality of life (SMD: 0.425, P < .05), but levels of depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and alcohol consumption did not change significantly. Aerobic exercise alleviated depression and anxiety symptoms more than that of yoga and mixed types. Duration of exercise also had a similar effect on anxiety and depression. Conclusions: Exercise can be an effective and persistent adjunctive treatment for individuals with AUDs.

Caffeine mouth rinsing (CMR) has been shown to enhance exercise performance. However, no studies have analyzed the effects of different dosages of CMR on muscular performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different dosages of CMR on strength (bench press 1 repetition maximum (1-RM)) and muscular endurance (60% of 1-RM repetitions to failure) in resistance-trained males. Fourteen resistance-trained males (age: 23 ± 2 years, height: 179 ± 3 cm, body mass: 83 ± 4 kg, BMI: 17 ± 2 kg/m²) completed four conditions in random order. The four conditions consisted of a mouth rinse with 25 mL solutions containing either 1% (250 mg) of CMR (low dose of CMR: LCMR), 2% (500 mg) of CMR (moderate dose of CMR: MCMR), 3% (750 mg) of CMR (high dose of CMR: HCMR) and sweetened water (placebo: PLA) for 5 s prior to a bench press strength and muscular endurance test. Maximal strength, muscular endurance, heart rate (HR) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded for each condition. There were no significant differences in strength (p = 0.30) and HR (p = 0.83) between conditions. HCMR significantly increased muscular endurance performance (p = 0.01) and decreased RPE values (p = 0.01). In conclusion, CMR did not affect bench press 1-RM strength performance, but muscular endurance responses to CMR seems to be dose-dependent.

Bu araştırmanın amacı Fiziksel Aktivite Ölçeği-2'nin (FAÖ-2) Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğini test etmektir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, e-mail ve diğer online platformlar (ör. Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp) aracılığıyla çalışmaya katılmak için gönüllü olan kişiler arasından oluşturuldu. Araştırmanın dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 125 katılımcı (%49.6 kadın, %50.4 erkek) ile çalışma gerçekleştirildi. Verilerin toplanmasında “Sosyal Demografi Anketi”, “Fiziksel Aktivite Ölçeği-2” ve “Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi-Kısa Formu” kullanıldı. Ölçeğin geçerlik-güvenirlik analizinde dil, içerik ve eşdeğer formlar geçerliliği ile test-tekrar test güvenilirlik yöntemleri kullanıldı. Ölçek maddeleri için yapılan likert puanlamanın analizi sonucunda ölçeğin madde içerik geçerliliği değeri 0.8 ile 1.0 arasında olup, ölçek içerik geçerlilik değeri ise 0.92 olarak bulundu. Eşdeğer formlar analizi sonucunda FAÖ-2 ile Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi’nin Kısa Formu arasında orta etki düzeyinde korelasyon düzeyi olduğu görüldü (r = 0.576). Ölçeğin test tekrar test güvenilirlik analizi sonucunda ise yüksek etki düzeyine sahip korelasyon değeri elde edildi (r = 0.814). Türkçe uyarlaması gerçekleştirilen FAÖ-2’nin, sağlıklı genç yetişkin popülasyon üzerinde güvenilir ve geçerli bir araç olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

This study aims to investigate the impact of physical activity on problematic internet use and to reveal the mediating role of self-control and psychological distress in the path relationship between them, providing a theoretical foundation for reducing problematic internet use and promoting mental health among college students. This cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students. Data were collected online using network sampling through the online survey platform Google Forms. Data were collected using the Demographic Data Form (DDF), Physical Activity Scale-2 (PAS-2), the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form (BAPINT), the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS), and the Psychological Distress Scale (K10-PDS). In order to evaluate the adequacy of the research model, path analysis, a component of structural equation modeling (SEM), was used using AMOS software. The structural model also exhibits a good fit, with x² /df = 3.105, RMSEA = 0.081, GFI = 0.964, AGFI = 0.924, CFI = 0.948, TLI = 0.914, and IFI = 0.949. Physical activity could directly negatively predict the problematic internet use of college students. Self control and distress partially mediate the relationship between physical activity and problematic internet use, and the mediating pathways included “physical activiy-self control- problematic internet use”, “physical activity-distress- problematic internet use”, and “physical activity-self conrtol-distress- problematic internet use”, accounting for 12.6%, 33.7% and 4.7% of the total effect, respectively. The results of this study provide an important framework for understanding internet addiction in this population, supporting the I-PACE model.