SignificanceHyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a promising real-time, non-invasive, non-ionizing optical imaging technique. In surgical oncology, HSI can capture both structural and functional tissue information, allowing the characterization of tumor lesions both intraoperatively and on a histopathological level.AimWe review the latest technological and clinical advancements of HSI as a guidance tool for tumor resection.ApproachFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science using logical keyword combinations related to “hyperspectral imaging” and “surgical oncology.” Eighty-five articles published between January 1, 2014, and April 30, 2024, were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Technical and clinical data were extracted and analyzed.ResultsThe reviewed studies include preclinical and clinical investigations involving various tumor models and 2163 patients, including 24 pediatric cases. HSI has demonstrated broad applicability across various anatomical regions in both ex vivo and in vivo settings, with its most valuable application being tumor tissue delineation.ConclusionsHSI remains in its early technological stages, requiring high-quality evidence and multidisciplinary collaboration to support clinical adoption. A deeper understanding and improved characterization of biological tissue hyperspectral properties are essential to better inform and orient future hardware and software designs.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Besides virus intrinsic characteristics, the host genetic makeup is predicted to account for the extreme clinical heterogeneity of the disease, which is characterized, among other manifestations, by a derangement of hemostasis associated with thromboembolic events. To date, large-scale studies confirmed that genetic predisposition plays a role in COVID-19 severity, pinpointing several susceptibility genes, often characterized by immunologic functions. With these premises, we performed an association study of common variants in 32 hemostatic genes with COVID-19 severity. We investigated 49,845 single-nucleotide polymorphism in a cohort of 332 Italian severe COVID-19 patients and 1668 controls from the general population. The study was conducted engaging a class of students attending the second year of the MEDTEC school (a six-year program, held in collaboration between Humanitas University and the Politecnico of Milan, allowing students to gain an MD in Medicine and a Bachelor’s Degree in Biomedical Engineering). Thanks to their willingness to participate in the fight against the pandemic, we evidenced several suggestive hits (p < 0.001), involving the PROC, MTHFR, MTR, ADAMTS13, and THBS2 genes (top signal in PROC: chr2:127192625:G:A, OR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.50–3.34, p = 8.77 × 10⁻⁵). The top signals in PROC, MTHFR, MTR, ADAMTS13 were instrumental for the construction of a polygenic risk score, whose distribution was significantly different between cases and controls (p = 1.62 × 10⁻⁸ for difference in median levels). Finally, a meta-analysis performed using data from the Regeneron database confirmed the contribution of the MTHFR variant chr1:11753033:G:A to the predisposition to severe COVID-19 (pooled OR = 1.21, 95%CI = 1.09–1.33, p = 4.34 × 10⁻¹⁴ in the weighted analysis).