Climate change has increased the prevalence of wildfires, resulting in longer fire seasons and larger geographic area burned. The aim of this work was to assess the air pollution and health risk to the population caused during exposure to smoke in fire season. The study design included: an analysis of long-term air pollution to determine background levels; an analysis of short-term (<24 h) and subchronic (10–14 days) concentrations during wildfires; and an assessment of the health risk in the industrial center of the Baikal region (Russia). In Irkutsk, at a distance of 2000 km from the fire focal points, the maximum short-term concentrations of pollution were noted during the smoke period, when the average CO level increased 2.4 times, and PM₁ increased 1.4 times relative to the background levels in August 2021. In Bratsk, located near the fires, the increases in short-term concentrations were: CO—21.0; SO₂—13.0; formaldehyde—12.0; TPM—4.4 times. The hazard indices of respiratory and coronary diseases in the burning period exceeded the acceptable level. Acute reactions to smoke can be expected in 30% of the exposed population near fires and 11% in remote areas (Bratsk). The results obtained from the remote sensing of atmospheric smoke can be used to urgently resolve the issue of organizing medical assistance or evacuating the population groups most sensitive to the effects of smoke in fire season.

A method is proposed for determining formaldehyde by headspace gas chromatography using an o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBHA) derivatizing agent. Formaldehyde in urine was derivatized to o-(pentafluorobenzyl)oxime and extracted by heating an urine sample with PFBHA in a sealed vial. Gas-chromatographic analysis of the headspace was performed in the temperature-programmed mode using an HP-5 capillary column with a flame ionization detector. The limit of detection is 3.5 μg/L. The accuracy of the procedure, equivalent to an extended relative uncertainty, does not exceed 21%. The examination of the procedure using urine samples of the population of the Irkutsk region has shown that the regional reference levels of formaldehyde concentration are in the range 44–83 μg/L.

Introduction. Teacher’s health problems depend on many factors. However, research has focused on psychological stressors. The goal is to assess the factors of the school environment and determine the impact of seniority and the level of academic load on the health status of secondary school teachers. Material and methods. Assessment of working conditions of teachers was studied on hygienic characteristics and their research in 11 schools. There were studied conditions of the school environment (microclimate, lighting) and the timing of the teachers’ labor process. A clinical and psychological examination of 53 women with an average age of 50.0 (44.0-59.0) years, work experience - 27.0 (19.0-34.0), load - 25.0 (21.0-32.0) hours per week. According to the indices of harmfulness and danger of factors of the working environment, the severity and intensity of the labor process, the class of working conditions in only 25% of the examined corresponded to the permissible class. The frequency of increased irritability, hypertension, emotional exhaustion, reduced stress resistance is higher in the group of teachers with experience of 20 years or more. Discussion. Teachers of secondary general education are exposed not only to occupational stress, but also to the effects of the negative conditions of the school environment and the labor process. Conclusions. Targeted studies of the conditions of the school environment, factors of the educational process must be carried out to identify their impact on the health status of teachers.

Physical development is one of the indicators characterizing the health of children and reflects the risk factors of the impact of its infringement. The article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of physical development of Nenets-children (7-17 years old) born and residing on the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was found that in all age groups among boys and girls there is prevalence of persons with a harmonious physical development and normal weight. Difference from common patterns peculiar to this period of ontogenesis has been revealed, - "the first crossing of growth curves" in the Nenets-children was recorded at the age of 14 years. In (63,4 ± 4,9) % of surveyed vital capacity of lungs lags far behind the proper values. The value of life index in (86,1 ± 2,9) % of children indicates delay in a body capacity formation and in development of chest and back muscles. The suggestion about the adaptive nature of vital capacity reduction was made. Somato-typological analysis revealed among surveyed persons with asthenic somato-type. Thus, (59,8 ± 4,2) % of the Nenets-children have asthenic somato-type, (36,5 ± 4,1) % - normosthenic, (3,7 ± 1,6) % - hypersthenic somato-types. Comparative analysis showed that anthropometric indices of boys and girls under 14 years old had similar values. The research conducted demonstrates necessity to create regional tables of suite of metrics of physical development for ethnic groups of the population.