This study aimed to explore the effects of the small private online course (SPOC) combined with simulation-based training in a patient safety education program among nursing students in China. A quasi-experimental design was conducted. A total of 219 nursing students from four parallel classes were selected from the nursing department of a health vocational college in Zhengzhou, China, from November 2020 to June 2021 and allocated to the intervention group (n = 113) and control group (n = 106). Based on SPOC, nursing students in the intervention group implemented simulation teaching in small groups, with three class hours each time, a total of two times, divided into three stages: pre-class preparation, teaching implementation, and after-class reflection. The control group received theoretical patient safety education through SPOC, implemented on the DingDing platform for two class hours each time, four times. All participants were invited to complete a demographic questionnaire and the Chinese version of Patient Safety Competency Self-Evaluation (PSCSE) before and after the intervention. A total of 103 and 102 students from the intervention and control groups completed the study. The total scores of PSCSE in the post-test of the intervention group (176.24 ± 13.73 vs. 144.64 ± 13.75) and the control group (160.87 ± 14.88 vs. 142.57 ± 15.66) were higher than those in the pre-test (P < 0.01), and the total scores of PSCSE of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group (176.24 ± 13.73 vs. 160.87 ± 14.88, P < 0.01). After intervention, the scores of PSCSE in all dimensions were increased in the intervention group (P < 0.01); in the control group, the scores of patient safety competency in most dimensions were increased (P < 0.01), except for the dimensions of reporting and response to error and communication related to error (P＞ 0.05). Except for the dimensions of knowledge and attitude of error reporting and disclosing (P＞ 0.05), the scores of other dimensions in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The patient safety education program using the SPOC combined with simulation-based training can effectively improve the patient safety competency of nursing students in terms of attitude, skills, and knowledge.

Self-management interventions (SMIs) may fail if they misalign with the local context. To optimize the implementation of SMIs in Chinese people with chronic lung disease (CLD), the local context was identified in Chinese primary care (PC) and secondary care (SC). A mixed-method study using semi-structured interviews and quantitative surveys was conducted on people with CLD and healthcare professionals (HCPs). The qualitative data was collected until data saturation was reached, and participants were invited to complete the survey after the interview. The qualitative data—analyzed with the framework approach—was triangulated with the quantitative data. A total of 52 participants completed the interviews, and 48 also finished the survey. Four themes were identified; (a) illness perceptions (e.g., patients had poor CLD knowledge and SM, inadequate resources lead to suboptimal disease control in PC); (b) self-management skills (e.g., most patients delayed exacerbation recognition and action, and some were admitted at the crisis point); (c) factors influencing self-management skills (e.g., (in)adequate disease knowledge and medical expenditure affordability); and (d) needs for self-management (e.g., increased disease knowledge, individualized self-management plan, eHealth, (healthcare insurance) policy support). Identified themes were dependent on each other and should be leveraged when implementing SMIs. Ultimately, such SMIs can optimize patient health outcomes.

Public health responses were triggered while COVID-19 was spreading. China redeployed healthcare workers to serve the most vulnerable populations and communities in the initial epicentre—Wuhan. However, it is not known how redeployment processes impacted on healthcare workers in a pandemic crisis. To explore the experiences and needs of frontline healthcare workers who were redeployed to care for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, and understand the long-term impacts of the redeployment experience on their work and life. A qualitative study was conducted with redeployed healthcare workers using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. This study is reported in accordance with the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines. A total of 20 redeployed healthcare workers (13 nurses and seven physicians) participated, and four themes were generated: (1) Initial feelings and emotions of redeployment—Participants experienced worries and concerns, a sense of isolation and loneliness on their arrival to the epicentre. (2) ‘It is like a war zone’—Healthcare workers faced a range of risks and challenges of caring for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan in the context of resource strain. (3) Uncertainty and coping strategies in patient care—Despite the hardships experienced, participants continued to deliver high-quality patient care including psychological care and palliative care, good communication and building mutual trusting relationships. (4) Reflection and far-reaching impacts of caring for COVID-19 patients—Participants felt motivated and encouraged as efforts were recognised by the government and wider society. Redeployed healthcare workers shared their unique needs and experiences of coping with redeployment and challenges they faced in the context of resource strain, which has significant implications for policy and future practice. The reality of a pandemic may reduce healthcare workers’ willingness to work due to various reasons including inadequate preparedness of facilities and workplace safety. It is important to support frontline healthcare workers in order to maintain an adequate healthcare workforce in pandemic crises. Continuously evolving pandemic circumstances and uncertainty highlight the importance of an organized national pandemic response plan for subsequent waves of COVID-19 and future pandemics.

Helicases are ubiquitous motors involved in almost all aspects of nucleic acid metabolism; therefore, revealing their unwinding behaviors and mechanisms is fundamentally and medically essential. In recent decades, single-molecule applications have revolutionized our ability to study helicases by avoiding the averaging of bulk assays and bridging the knowledge gap between dynamics and structures. This advancement has updated our understanding of the biochemical properties of helicases, such as their rate, directionality, processivity, and step size, while also uncovering unprecedented mechanistic insights. Among these, repetitive motion, a new feature of helicases, is one of the most remarkable discoveries. However, comprehensive reviews and comparisons are still lacking. Consequently, the present review aims to summarize repetitive helicases, compare the repetitive phenomena, and discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms. This review may provide a systematic understanding of repetitive helicases and help understand their cellular functions.