Clerodendrum glandulosum  extract reduced silver nanoparticles were prepared by in situ  technique within chitosan-PEG hydrogel matrix and characterized for its in vitro  and in vivo  diabetic wound healing activities.

The human monkeypox virus (MPXV) was first identified in 1959. Since then, the incidence of the disease has been sporadic. The endemic regions were identified in Africa’s central and western areas. However, the infection started to spread in 2017 to non-endemic regions such as North and South America, Europe, and Asia. Since May 2022, the non-endemic areas reported 62,635 till 20th September 2022. Although the monkeypox virus has a mortality of ≥ 10%, it showed only 82 mortalities worldwide in 2022. The common symptoms include chills, fever, fatigue, and skin lesions, and the complications include secondary respiratory tract infections, encephalitis, blindness, and severe diarrhea. The factors responsible for spreading the virus include improper handling and consumption of infected bushmeat, unprotected sexual intercourse, contact with an infected person, no smallpox vaccination, improper hygiene, lower diagnostic capacity, and strong travel history from the endemic regions. The therapeutic strategy is symptom-based treatment and supportive care. Antivirals and vaccines such as Tecovirimat, Brincidofovir, Cidofovir, Imvamune, and ACAM2000 have shown promising results. The primary purpose of the review is to perform an epidemiological study and investigate the pathobiology, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and some associated complications of the monkeypox virus in 2022.

Oxidative stress is the unusual consequence of the endogenous antioxidant defense mechanism leading to the development of various harmful ailments and pathological snags. Due to various metabolic processes in the body, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, which trigger various factors responsible for cellular oxidative stress. Though ROS is necessary for various biochemical reactions in our biological system, high levels of ROS can augment the pathological processes in the numerous vital organs through various mechanisms, namely depletion of endogenous antioxidant, apoptosis, inflammation, and so forth. Presently, various plant-based phytochemicals rich in polyphenols with high antioxidant activity provide protection to our bodies. Plant-based antioxidants or phyto-antioxidants, play a crucial role in the preclusion and controlling of various oxidative stress-induced diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and so forth. However, continuous research and development are going on to develop a number of good therapeutic candidates to treat various ailments.